Pollution in Manila Bay in 2008. Manila Bay is the catchment area of the Pasig and Pampanga River Basins.

The Pasig River in the Philippines suffers from a high level of water pollution and efforts are being made to rehabilitate it.

After World War II, massive population growth, infrastructure construction, and the dispersal of economic activities to Manila's suburbs left the river neglected. The banks of the river attracted informal settlers and the remaining factories dumped their wastes into the river, making it effectively a huge sewer system. Industrialization had already polluted the river.[1]

In the 1930s, observers noticed the increasing pollution of the river, as fish migration from Laguna de Bay diminished. People ceased using the river's water for laundering in the 1960s, and ferry transport declined. By the 1970s, the river started to emanate offensive smells as a result of waste from swine and poultry establishments in the area where protected Marikina watershed is located (Pinugay, Baras, Rizal) and in the 1980s, fishing in the river was prohibited. By 1990, the Pasig River was considered biologically dead.[1][2]

In 2017, a study on river plastic emissions into the world’s oceans cited the Pasig River as the world’s eighth most polluting river in terms of unwanted micro and surface concentrations of plastic waste entering the marine environment.[3]

Rehabilitation efforts

Residents of Freedom Island help Greenpeace and other NGO's in the coastal clean-up in 2017.

Efforts to revive the river began in December 1989 with the help of Danish authorities. The Pasig River Rehabilitation Program (PRRP) was established, with the Department of Environment and Natural Resources as the main agency with the coordination of the Danish International Development Assistance.[4]

In 1999, President Joseph Estrada signed Executive Order No. 54 publishing the Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission (PRRC) to replace the old PRRP with additional expanded powers such as managing of wastes and resettling of squatters.[4]

In 2019, President Rodrigo Duterte abolished the PRRC, transferring of PRRC's functions, including "all necessary and incidental powers," to the Manila Bay Task Force, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development, the Metropolitan Manila Development Authority, and the Department of Public Works and Highways, two months after firing PRRC executive director Jose Antonio Goitia for alleged involvement in corrupt activities.[5]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Pasig River Rehabilitation Program Archived 2007-10-12 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ↑ Baclig, Cristina Eloisa (2021-06-15). "Pasig River makes international waves despite being dead". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved 2023-10-05.
  3. ↑ Lebreton, Laurent (7 June 2017). "River plastic emissions to the world's oceans". Nature. 8: 15611. doi:10.1038/ncomms15611. PMC 5467230. PMID 28589961.
  4. 1 2 "A dying river comes back to life" Archived 2008-03-16 at the Wayback Machine - Santelices, Menchit. Philippine Information Agency.
  5. ↑ Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey (14 November 2019). "Duterte abolishes Pasig River rehab commission". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on 31 May 2021. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
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