Pražský Krysařík
Pražský Krysařík
Other namesPrague Ratter
Common nicknamesPrazsky, PK
OriginCzech Republic
Traits
Height 20–23 cm (7.9–9.1 in)
Weight 1.5–3.5 kg (3.3–7.7 lb)
Coat short, smooth and glossy
long and fringed
Colour black and tan, brown and tan, blue and tan, lilac and tan, fawn, red, pink, merle
Litter size 1-3
Life span 8-15 years
Kennel club standards
Czech Kennel Club standard
Fédération Cynologique Internationale standard
Dog (domestic dog)

The Pražský Krysařík (Prague Ratter) is a small breed of dog from the Czech Republic that is rarely seen outside its country of origin. It is the smallest breed in the world by breed standard, because of the maximum height of the dogs, unlike Chihuahuas who are measured by weight.

Description

Female Pražský Krysařík

Appearance

The Pražský Krysařík is a small toy dog, similar in appearance to the Chihuahua and the Miniature Pinscher, with a height of 20 to 23 centimetres (7.9 to 9.1 in) and a weight of 1.5 to 3.5 kilograms (3.3 to 7.7 lb).[1][2]

There are two coat variations:

  • short: smooth, glossy and thick
  • long: fringes on ears, limbs and tail
A brown and tan Pražský Krysařík male

The most common color is black and tan, which is also the original color. Lately, other colors have been approved: brown and tan, blue and tan, lilac and tan, yellow, pink, red, and merle.[1]

Temperament

Best known for its active and lively nature, the Pražský Krysařík is a spunky breed that is full of original character. These tiny dogs thrive on strong and dependable relationships with humans, love to receive affection and play the role of lap dog during down time. This breed is highly intelligent and generally responds well to basic training and commands. As a pet, the Pražský Krysařík is obedient, loyal, loving, and very affectionate. The Pražský Krysařík adapts well to full-time indoor and apartment living, yet still enjoys spending time outdoors, playing games such as fetch, and taking long and leisurely walks. They are also known to be a very quiet dog, unlike many other small dogs who tend to be very "yappy". Like any small dog, one should be wary of allowing them to develop Small Dog Syndrome, as they can become aggressive if they are not well-socialized from an early age.[3]

Train-ability

Due to its need for human attention and eagerness to please and impress its owner, the Pražský Krysařík generally responds well to basic training and commands. This bright breed has the ability to learn to perform many impressive tricks and tasks. Many owners claim that these dogs can easily be taught to use a litter box, thus eliminating the need for constant trips outdoors.

Establishing immediate trust and respect is key to successfully training the Pražský Krysařík. These dogs can be somewhat sensitive to criticism and respond best to positive reinforcement and reward-based training.[4][5]

Areas of use

Pražský Krysařík might be small, but is nevertheless an easy dog to train as long as it is treated consistently. It can be trained for agility, freestyle, obedience, tracking etc.

The sense of smell and hearing is highly developed, and Pražský Krysařík is still a great rat hunter, just as its original purpose was. They have a high prey drive and will readily go after squirrels, rats and mice.[4][3]

History

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864–1901). Lady with a Dog

Czech dog breeders claim that krysaříks (ratters) are one of the oldest Czech breeds. The first mentions of these ratter dogs are found in the writings of the historian Einhard, dating back to the 8th-9th centuries. The Polish historian Gallus Anonymus mentions the beloved ratters of King Bolesław II the Generous (1058–1081). He became fond of the ratter and had two of them imported to Poland from Bohemia. As their name suggests they were also commonly used as rat catchers in rural and urban households. Ratters are even mentioned in the writings of Jules Michelet: Charles IV of Luxembourg, during his visit to France in 1377, presented three ratters to King Charles V of France as a precious gift, and later they were inherited by his son the Dauphin. In historical chronicles and literary works, ratters are mentioned in connection with Wenceslaus IV, Rudolf II and other European rulers.[5]

Postcard: Two dogs Chasing a Mouse by A.F. Tait

In the era of the absence of cats in Europe, tiny Pražský Krysaříks, along with other rat-catchers, served to protect the property of the royal owners from rodents. Legends say that in the royal houses krysaříks were also obliged to protect the owners from poisoners: during meals they were allowed to walk on tables and taste food and drinks. With the decline of the Czech state, krysaříks lost their exclusive belonging to the noble houses. They could be seen in peasant and bourgeois dwellings and outbuildings. They were used in rat battles popular in Europe. And over time they took their deserved place in the salons of ladies, as pets and companions.[5]

The popularity of the Pražský Krysařík started to decline in the 19th century when the Miniature Pinscher became more fashionable. The breed went through a renaissance in the 1980s as Czechs and Slovaks started to breed them again. The first stage of the revival of the breed and the compilation of stud books began at the end of the 19th century under the leadership of dog breeders T. Rotter and O. Karlik. Two World Wars and the period of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia nullified the results of their efforts, the stud books were lost.

Modern Pražský Krysaříks trace their history since the 70s of the XX century, the key role in the revival of the breed was played by the canine scientists Jan Findejs, Rudolf Šiler, (1909-1997). In 1980, the first Pražský Krysařík was registered in the studbook.[5]

Jean Leon Jerome, Portrait of Mary Jerome

Until the end of the 20th century, the breed existed and developed exclusively within the borders of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. By the second decade of the 21st century, several hundred Pražský Krysaříks live outside the Czech Republic. Breed clubs have been established in several countries. In addition to the countries of Western Europe and Scandinavia, Pražský Krysaříks live in Russia, USA and Japan. There is a small number of krysaříks in Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Italy.

In 2019, it became an FCI acknowledged breed. There are only about 6,000 Pražský Krysaříks registered in the world and they usually only have 1-3 puppies per year. They are nevertheless presented at shows in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Scandinavia.[3]

Health

It is believed that the Pražský Krysařík is one of the dog breeds that do not have significant health problems. However, they can be prone to:

  • Diseases of the teeth and gums. Pražský Krysaříks are prone to increased formation of tartar, which leads to bad breath, as well as the development of periodontitis. Prevention consists of regularly brushing teeth and removing plaque when visiting your veterinarian. Krysaříks can also have retained baby teeth, which may need to be pulled to prevent further problems with dentition.
  • Bone injuries due to their small size. The most common fractures are the bones of the metacarpus and forearm.
  • Patellar luxation, an ailment common to small breeds. It is believed that this defect is congenital and inherited.[5]

Life expectancy

The Pražský Krysaříks has a life span of 12 to 14 years.[5]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 FCI-Standard N°363: Prague Ratter. Federation Cynologique Internationale.
  2. ↑ "Standard". prazsky-krysarik.cz. Klub přátel psů pražských krysaříků. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  3. 1 2 3 Mischikha O. "Difficulties of translation". My Friend - the Dog. 1 (2012): 60.
  4. 1 2 "Aktivity". prazsky-krysarik.cz. Klub přátel psů pražských krysaříků. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Karpfová C., Dostál J. (1999). Pražský krysařík. Prague: Ottovo nakladatelství. p. 80. ISBN 9788071812319.
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