Alpine leek orchid
Prasophyllum tadgellianum growing near Mount Hotham
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Subtribe: Prasophyllinae
Genus: Prasophyllum
Species:
P. tadgellianum
Binomial name
Prasophyllum tadgellianum
Synonyms[1]

Prasophyllum alpinum R.Br.

Prasophyllum tadgellianum, commonly known as the alpine leek orchid, is a species of orchid native to the Snowy Mountains and Tasmania. It has a single stiff, erect leaf and up to twenty scented, greenish-brown or reddish-brown flowers crowded on a stout spike.

Description

Prasophyllum tadgellianum is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single stiff, erect, dark green, tube-shaped leaf 100–200 mm (4–8 in) long and 4–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) in diameter near the base. Between ten and twenty flowers are crowded on a stout flowering spike 50–80 mm (2–3 in) high. The flowers are dark greenish-brown with a greenish, pink or white labellum and are usually lightly scented. They are inverted so that the labellum is above the column rather than below it. The ovary is about 4 mm (0.2 in) long and the petals are about 5 mm (0.2 in) long. The lateral sepals are about 6 mm (0.2 in) long, joined for most of their length and form the uppermost part of the flower. The dorsal sepal is egg-shaped to lance-shaped and about 6 mm (0.2 in) long. The labellum is sharply curved near its middle, often has a wavy edge and is covered with a raised callus. Flowering occurs from January to March and unlike many others in the genus, does not require fire the previous summer in order to flower.[2][3][4]

Taxonomy and naming

This orchid was first formally described in 1922 by Richard Sanders Rogers and given the name Prasophyllum frenchii var. tadgellianum from a specimen collected on Mount Hotham by Alfred James Tadgell. The description was published in Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia.[5][6] The following year, Rogers raised the variety to species level.[1][7] The specific epithet (tadgellianum) honours Alfred James Tadgell.[7]

In 1944, Herman Rupp described P. tadgellianum as a synonym of P. alpinum in his book Orchids of New South Wales[8] but in 1996, David Jones reinstated P. tadgellianum as a common species found in south-eastern Australia and described P. alpinum as a species restricted to Tasmania.[9]

Distribution and habitat

The alpine leek orchid grows in grassy alpine and subalpine grassland and woodland, often in moist or wet areas, in areas above 1,000 m (3,000 ft). It is found south of the Brindabella Range in New South Wales and Victoria. In Tasmania it is found only near Cradle Mountain and near Bastion Bluff in the Great Western Tiers.[2][3][4]

Conservation

This orchid is listed as "Rare" under the Tasmanian Threatened Species Protection Act 1995.[4]

References

  1. 1 2 "Prasophyllum tadgellianum". APNI. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  2. 1 2 Jeanes, Jeff. "Prasophyllum tadgellianum". Royal Botanic Garden Melbourne - vicflora. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  3. 1 2 Weston, Peter H. "Prasophyllum tadgellianum". Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney - plantnet. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  4. 1 2 3 "Threatened species listing statement - Prasophyllum tadgellianum". Tasmanian Government Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
  5. ↑ "Prasophyllum frenchii var. tadgellianum". APNI. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  6. ↑ Rogers, Richard S. (1922). "Contributions to the Orchidology of Australia and New Zealand". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia. 46: 153–154. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  7. 1 2 Rogers, Richard S. (1923). "Contributions to the Orchidaceous flora of Australia". Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia. 47: 338–339. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  8. ↑ "Prasophyllum alpinum". APNI. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  9. ↑ Jones, David L. (1996). "Resolution of the Prasophyllum alpinum R.Br. (Orchidaceae) complex in mainland south-eastern Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand" (PDF). Muelleria. 9: 51–62. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
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