The election of the president and vice president of Taiwan (Chinese: 中華民國總統、副總統選舉) is a universal direct election through secret vote by the citizens of Taiwan (ROC) in the Taiwan Area. ROC presidents are elected by relative majority (plurality), meaning the candidate with the most votes wins without a runoff requirement.[1][2] The most recent election took place on January 13, 2024.

  • The Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and Recall Act[3] states that a candidate for president or vice president must be a citizen of the Republic of China, at least 40 years old, and a resident of Taiwan for a period of no less than 15 years with a physical presence of no less than 6 consecutive months.
  • The following persons shall not be registered as candidates for the president:
    • Military personnel
    • Election officials
    • People who hold foreign nationality or who hold residency of the People's Republic of China
    • People who have restored their nationality or acquired their nationality by naturalization
  • The president and vice president are nominated on a joint ticket. Political parties which have gained at least 5% of the votes in the last presidential or legislative election may nominate a set of candidates directly. For example, during the 2012 elections, only the Kuomintang and Democratic Progressive Party were qualified to nominate candidates through this rule. Alternatively, candidates may be nominated by a petition signed by eligible voters numbering no less than 1.5% of the electors in the last legislative election. (This equals 252,848 signatures for the 2012 election.)[3]

List of presidential elections in Taiwan

PresidentElection yearWinnerOther candidates
91996 Lee Teng-hui (Kuomintang) – 54.00% Peng Ming-min (Democratic Progressive) – 21.13%
Lin Yang-kang (Independent) – 14.90%
Chen Li-an (Independent) – 9.98%
102000 Chen Shui-bian (Democratic Progressive) – 39.30% James Soong (Independent) – 36.84%
Lien Chan (Kuomintang) – 23.10%
112004 Chen Shui-bian (Democratic Progressive) – 50.11% Lien Chan (Kuomintang) – 49.89%
122008 Ma Ying-jeou (Kuomintang) – 58.45% Frank Hsieh (Democratic Progressive) – 41.55%
132012 Ma Ying-jeou (Kuomintang) – 51.60% Tsai Ing-wen (Democratic Progressive) – 45.63%
James Soong (People First) – 2.77%
142016 Tsai Ing-wen (Democratic Progressive) – 56.12% Eric Chu (Kuomintang) – 31.04%
James Soong (People First) – 12.84%
152020 Tsai Ing-wen (Democratic Progressive) – 57.13% Han Kuo-yu (Kuomintang) – 38.61%
James Soong (People First) – 4.26%
162024 Lai Ching-te (Democratic Progressive) – 40% Hou Yu-ih (Kuomintang) – 33%
Ko Wen-je (Taiwan People's Party) – 26%
Electoral maps of Taiwanese direct presidential elections.
Election results of the 2020 Taiwanese presidential election.
Comparison of the vote percentages in the direct presidential elections.
  DPP candidates
  Kuomintang candidates
  PFP candidates or James Soong
  New Party nominated or endorsed candidates
  Other independents

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Factbox: How does a Taiwan election work?". Reuters. 2020-01-07. Retrieved 2022-05-11.
  2. ↑ Bush, Richard C. (December 18, 2023). "Explaining Taiwan's 2024 presidential election". The Brookings Institution. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
  3. 1 2 "Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and Recall Act".
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