Qarlughid Dynasty
1238–1266
The Qarlughids in South Asia, circa 1250 CE
CapitalGhazna, Bamiyan
Common languagesNāgarī script (written)
Religion
Islam
GovernmentMonarchy
Malik, Khan 
 1238–1249
Saif al-Din al-Hasan Qarlugh
 1249–1259
Nasir al-Din Muhammad Qarlugh
History 
 Established
1238
 Disestablished
1266
CurrencyJital
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Khwarazmian dynasty
Ghurid dynasty
Delhi Sultanate
Mongol Empire
Today part ofAfghanistan
Pakistan

The Qarlughids were a tribe of Turkic origin that controlled Ghazni, lands of the Bamyan, the Kurram Valley (Ghazna, Banban, and Kurraman), and established a short-lived Muslim principality and dynasty that lasted between 1236 and 1266. The Qarlughids (or Karluk Turks) arrived from the north to settle in the regions of Hazarajat together with the armies of Muhammad II of Khwarezm, the Shah of Khwarezm.

Throughout most of its existence, the Qarlugh Kingdom functioned as a buffer state between its two powerful neighbors, the Delhi Sultanate to the east and south and the Mongol Empire to the north and west.[1] With the Malik on the throne, the Qarlugh would frequently switch allegiances between their two powerful neighbors and through balanced diplomacy managed to become an important trade intermediary between the Mongols of Central Asia and the lands of the subcontinent. One testament to Qarlughid prosperity is the significant coinage found from this dynasty.[2]

References

  1. André Wink (1997). Al-Hind the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: The Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest : 11Th-13th Centuries. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-10236-1.
  2. Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland (1908). Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Cambridge University Press for the Royal Asiatic Society. pp. 389–408. JSTOR 25210587. Retrieved 2016-06-13.
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