Qingming
Chinese name
Chinese清明
Literal meaningClear and bright
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese alphabetthanh minh
Chữ Hán清明
Korean name
Hangul청명
Hanja清明
Japanese name
Kanji清明
Hiraganaせいめい
Solar term
Term Longitude Dates
Lichun 315°4–5 February
Yushui 330°18–19 February
Jingzhe 345°5–6 March
Chunfen 20–21 March
Qingming 15°4–5 April
Guyu 30°20–21 April
Lixia 45°5–6 May
Xiaoman 60°21–22 May
Mangzhong 75°5–6 June
Xiazhi 90°21–22 June
Xiaoshu 105°7–8 July
Dashu 120°22–23 July
Liqiu 135°7–8 August
Chushu 150°23–24 August
Bailu 165°7–8 September
Qiufen 180°23–24 September
Hanlu 195°8–9 October
Shuangjiang 210°23–24 October
Lidong 225°7–8 November
Xiaoxue 240°22–23 November
Daxue 255°7–8 December
Dongzhi 270°21–22 December
Xiaohan 285°5–6 January
Dahan 300°20–21 January

Qīngmíng, Seimei, Cheongmyeong or Thanh minh, is the name of the 5th solar term of the traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar,[1] which divides a year into 24 solar terms (t. 節氣/s. 节气).[2] In space partitioning, Qingming begins when the sun reaches the celestial longitude of 15° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 30°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 15°, usually on April 5.[3]

Compared to the space partitioning theory, in the time division theory Qingming falls around April 7 or approximately 106.5 days after winter equinox. In the Gregorian calendar, it usually begins around 4 or 5 April and ends around 20 April.

Pentads

Each solar term can be divided into 3 pentads (候). They are: first pentad (初候), second pentad (次候) and last pentad (末候). Pentads in Qingming include:

China
  • First pentad: 桐始華/桐始华, 'The paulownia begins to bloom'.
  • Second pentad: 田鼠化為鴽/田鼠化为鴽, 'Voles(you) transform into quails'.
  • Last pentad: 虹始見/虹始见, 'Rainbows begin to appear'.
Japan
  • First pentad: 玄鳥至 (tsubame itaru), 'The swallow flies back from the south'.
  • Second pentad: 鴻雁北 (kōgan kitae kaeru), 'The goose migrates to the north'.
  • Last pentad: 虹始見 (niji hajimete arawaru), 'Rainbows begin to appear in the sky after shower'.

Date and time

Date and Time (UTC)
yearbeginend
辛巳 2001-04-04 17:24 2001-04-20 00:35
壬午 2002-04-04 23:18 2002-04-20 06:20
癸未 2003-04-05 04:52 2003-04-20 12:02
甲申 2004-04-04 10:43 2004-04-19 17:50
乙酉 2005-04-04 16:34 2005-04-19 23:37
丙戌 2006-04-04 22:15 2006-04-20 05:26
丁亥 2007-04-05 04:04 2007-04-20 11:07
戊子 2008-04-04 09:45 2008-04-19 16:51
己丑 2009-04-04 15:33 2009-04-19 22:44
庚寅 2010-04-04 21:30 2010-04-20 04:29
辛卯 2011-04-05 03:11 2011-04-20 10:17
壬辰 2012-04-04 09:05 2012-04-19 16:12
癸巳 2013-04-04 15:02 2013-04-19 22:03
甲午 2014-04-04 20:46 2014-04-20 03:55
乙未 2015-04-05 02:39 2015-04-20 09:41
丙申 2016-04-04 08:26 2016-04-19 15:31
丁酉 2017-04-04 14:19 2017-04-19 21:29
戊戌 2018-04-04 20:15 2018-04-20 03:12
己亥 2019-04-05 01:51 2019-04-20 08:54
庚子 2020-04-04 07:37 2020-04-19 14:47
Source: JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System

References

  1. Zhang, Peiyu; Hunag, Hongfeng( (1994). "The Twenty-four Solar Terms of the Chinese Calendar and the Calculation for Them". Purple Mountain Observatory.
  2. "24 Sekki". Glossary. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
  3. Matsukawa, Mitsuharu. "24 Sekkis, or Twenty-Four Japanese Small Seasons". Nagoya University. Retrieved 21 March 2016.

See also

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