RAF Haverfordwest
Located north of Haverfordwest, in the community of Rudbaxton, Pembrokeshire in Wales
RAF Haverfordwest is located in Pembrokeshire
RAF Haverfordwest
RAF Haverfordwest
Shown within Pembrokeshire
RAF Haverfordwest is located in the United Kingdom
RAF Haverfordwest
RAF Haverfordwest
RAF Haverfordwest (the United Kingdom)
Coordinates51°49′53″N 004°57′49″W / 51.83139°N 4.96361°W / 51.83139; -4.96361
TypeRoyal Air Force station
Site information
OwnerAir Ministry
OperatorRoyal Air Force
Controlled byRAF Coastal Command
* No. 17 (T) Group RAF
Site history
Built1942 (1942)
In use1943-1945 (1945) (Royal Air Force)
Battles/warsEuropean theatre of World War II
Garrison information
Occupants1944
Officers - 232 (12 WAAF)
Other Ranks - 1,107 (366 WAAF)[1]
Airfield information
Elevation50 metres (164 ft)[2] AMSL
Runways
Direction Length and surface
03/21 1,460 metres (4,790 ft) Concrete
09/27 1,030 metres (3,379 ft) Concrete
16/34 1,080 metres (3,543 ft) Concrete
The former RAF control tower has been altered somewhat, with a new slate roof above its original flat concrete one, but otherwise retains many of its original features, including its concrete balcony and railings

Royal Air Force Haverfordwest or more commonly RAF Haverfordwest, is a former Royal Air Force station located 2.1 miles (3.4 km) north of Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire and 11 miles (18 km) south of Fishguard, Pembrokeshire, Wales.

Situated north of Haverfordwest, at Withybush,[3] in the community of Rudbaxton,[4] its satellite airfield was RAF Templeton[5] It was operational between 1943 and 1945 and was controlled by No. 17 (T) Group of RAF Coastal Command.[2] On the 1 June 1946 the site was passed over to the Board of Trade.[6]

History

In March 1941 approval for land acquisition, for the construction of an airfield for RAF Coastal Command to use as a bomber operational training unit, was given for an area of fields between the villages of Rudbaxton and Crundale, just outside Haverfordwest.[7]

While the location itself provided no major difficulties, it was quite level with mostly hedges as field boundaries, it took longer than anticipated to construct the airfield with resources in short supply due to conflicting priorities over which airfield to build.[7]

Station design

Haverfordwest airfield, also referred to as Withybush, was constructed with thirty two dispersal hard stands, and a connecting perimeter track. The airfield had three runways, constructed in triangular pattern, 04/22 1554 m (5100 ft) long, 17/35 1152 m (3780 ft) long, and 10/28 1097 m (3600 ft) long. It had two T2 hangars, with seventeen dispersal pans and a nearby technical site next to the administration blocks.[8]

An oil powered electric generator was installed at the airfield to supply it with electric power. Initially the airfield was fed from Haverfordwest's power station, unfortunately, this resulted in the airfield overloading it, causing a blackout both at Haverfordwest and the airfield.[9]

RAF Coastal Command

The station opened on the 10 November 1942, however, it was incomplete with the site still undergoing construction, and only the control tower and runways finished. Four aircraft from No. 3 (Coastal) Operational Training Unit RAF were the first to arrive at RAF Haverfordwest on the 30 November. Initially civilian tankers were needed for aircraft refuelling, making regular daily visits.[10] Eventually in June 1943, No. 3 (C) OTU began full general reconnaissance training when all of its aircraft types arrived which included, Armstrong Whitworth Whitley, a British medium bomber aircraft, Vickers Warwick, a multi-purpose twin-engined British aircraft, used across maritime reconnaissance, air-sea rescue and transport roles, Vickers Wellington, a British twin-engined, long-range medium bomber, and Avro Anson, a British twin-engine, multi-role aircraft.[4] No. 3 (C) OTU's Polish Flight arrived in October 1943, equipped with Vickers Wellington aircraft.[9]

In January 1944, No. 3 (C) OTU was disbanded and No. 7 (Coastal) Operational Training Unit RAF relocated from RAF Limavady in Northern Ireland. It was also equipped with Vickers Wellington aircraft and tasked with a general reconnaissance training role. No. (C) 7 OTU was later re-designated as No. 4 Refresher Flying Unit RAF in May 1944, tasked with delivering aircraft to various RAF Coastal Command stations and providing aircraft repair facilities.[4] The General Reconnaissance Aircraft Pool formed around the same time,[9] its role was to provide a ready supply of Handley Page Halifax, a British four-engined heavy bomber, Consolidated Liberator, an American heavy bomber, and Vickers Wellington bomber aircraft, for RAF Coastal Command.[11] No. 4 Refresher Flying Unit was disbanded in September and the General Reconnaissance Aircraft Pool relocated to RAF St Davids in October 1944.[9]

In January 1945, No. 8 (Coastal) Operational Training Unit RAF arrived at RAF Haverfordwest, moving in from RAF Dyce, near Aberdeen. It provided training in photographic reconnaissance, operating de Havilland Mosquito and Supermarine Spitfire aircraft.[4] Up until April 1945, as a secondary task, No. 8 (C) OTU performed an aerial survey of Great Britain. In June 1945, the unit moved to RAF Mount Farm. The last unit to be based at RAF Haverfordwest was an RAF Aircrew Holding Unit (ACHU) which left for RAF Thorney Island, before Haverfordwest closed on 22 November 1945.[12]

Haverfordwest Airport

Pembrokeshire County Council purchased the site[6] and it re-opened in 1952, with Cambrian Air Services flying from Haverfordwest to Cardiff. The old Welsh Airways terminal has now been rebuilt and houses a café and flying school.[4]

Royal Air Force operational history

Operational Training Units

No 3 Operational Training Unit

Vickers Wellington GR Mark VIII, an example of the type used by No. 3 (C)OTU

No. 3 (Coastal) Operational Training Unit RAF was the first unit to be officially based at RAF Haverfordwest. Initially, on the 30 November 1942, four of its Armstrong Whitworth Whitley aircraft, along with ground crew, moved in from RAF Cranwell. Its role was to provide reconnaissance training and by June 1943 its full complement of aircraft had arrived,[10] it operated with:[13]

Between the 5 October 1943 and the 1 November 1944,[14] No. 3 (C) OTU's Polish flight, equipped with Vickers Wellington aircraft, operated out of RAF Haverfordwest.[9]

No 3 (C) OTU's Armstron Whitworth Whitley aircraft were eventually withdrawn, being replaced with Vickers Wellington aircraft. Lack of space at RAF Haverfordwest, meant 'O' Flight operated out of the satellite airfield, RAF Templeton. In December 1943 the unit's Avro Anson aircraft moved to RAF St Athan and became part of No. 12 Radio School RAF.[9]

No. 3 (C) OTU was disbanded at RAF Haverfordwest, on 4 January 1944.[13]

No 7 Operational Training Unit

Westland Lysander IIIa 'V9367 - MA-B', an example of the type used by No. 7 (C)OTU

No. 7 (Coastal) Operational Training Unit RAF arrived on the 4 January 1944, from RAF Limavady. The unit was tasked with both ASV Radar, and Reconnaissance training.[9] It operated with various aircraft:[15]

No. 7 (C) OTU was disbanded on 16 May 1944 at RAF Haverfordwest and became No. 4 Refresher Flying Unit.[15] The newly formed unit had a secondary role in top of that of RAF Coastal Command aircrew training, the unit also moved aircraft around the UK to numerous other Coastal Command units.[9] No. 4 RFU was equipped with Vickers Wellington aircraft, operating variants: III, X, XI, XIII and XIV.[16] No. 4 Refresher Flying Unit disbanded at Haverfordwest in September 1944.[9]

No 8 Operational Training Unit

A Type F.8 Mark II (20-inch lens) aerial camera being loaded into the vertical position in a Supermarine Spitfire PR Mark IV

No. 8 (Coastal) Operational Training Unit RAF, which provided photo-reconnaissance Pilot training for the RAF, transferred from RAF Dyce. The training instruction consisted both high and low flying, with areas around the Preseli Mountains used for low-level training. The unit arrived in January 1945 and was equipped with de Havilland Mosquito and Supermarine Spitfire.[12]

On the 27 February 1945, a combination of around thirty Spitfire and Mosquito aircraft, from No. 8 OTU, moved to RAF Brawdy due to a lack of parking space at RAF Haverfordwest, as it had twice as many aircraft as it had been designed to take. The detachment became a lodger and remained at Brawdy until June when it relocated to RAF Mount Farm.[17]

No. 8 OTU had a secondary task up until April 1945. It conducted an aerial survey of the British Isles, which then was continued by a specialist survey unit. The unit was formed of five flights. 'A' flight was stationed at RAF Templeton airfield. Four other ‘B', 'C’, 'D' and 'F’ operated out of Haverfordwest. On the 21 June 1945, No. 8 OTU moved to the main photographic reconnaissance base RAF Mount Farm.[12]

Other Units

General Reconnaissance Aircraft Preparation Pool

General Reconnaissance Aircraft Preparation Pool was formed, in May 1944, at RAF Haverfordwest. Vickers Wellington GR Mark XIV, Consolidated Liberator GR Mk.V & GR Mk.VI, and Handley Page Halifax GR.II aircraft, were readied for immediate RAF Coastal Command use.[9] The unit moved to RAF St Davids on the 1 October 1944.[11]

No. 516 Squadron RAF

Hawker Hurricane IIc ‘PZ865 ZY-V’, an example of those used by 516 Sqn

No. 516 Squadron RAF was an army co-operation squadron. It was involved in Combined Operations training, tasked to provide realistic low-level attacks against commando and assault troops undergoing training.[18] The squadron operated a detachment out of RAF Haverfordwest between the 27 August and the 11 September 1944,[14] it was equipped with Hawker Hurricane IIC[19]

RAF Templeton

RAF Haverfordwest had a satellite airfield at RAF Templeton, which was used as a relief landing ground and to resolve space and parking issues at Haverfordwest.[20]

RAF Regiment

No. 2710 Squadron RAF Regiment converted to the Rifle role in July 1944.[21] It moved from Gibraltar to Haverfordwest on 4 November 1944; moved on to RAF St Davids 21 December 1944.[22]

No. 2776 Squadron RAF Regiment was an Anti Aircraft flight. It moved from RAF Dyce to Haverfordwest on the 30 January 1943; moved on to RAF Davidstow Moor on the 3 May 1943.[23]

Air Crew Holding Unit

No 20 Air Crew Holding Unit RAF was formed on 18 June 1945 under the control of No. 17 Group RAF at RAF Haverfordwest. This was followed by No 21 Air Crew Holding Unit RAF on the 15 August.[14] These units were set up to take in aircrew from the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan to be used as reinforcements.[24] Both units left RAF Haverfordwest on the 15 November 1945.[14]

Current use

The site is currently used by Haverfordwest Airport, a public-use general aviation airport.

Previous units

The following units were here posted here at some point:

See also

References

Citations

  1. ↑ Delve 2007, p. 136.
  2. 1 2 Falconer 2012, p. 106.
  3. ↑ Phillips 2006, p. 86.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 "Haverfordwest Airfield;Withybush Airfield;Haverfordwest Airport (309963)". Coflein. RCAHMW. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  5. ↑ Phillips 2006, p. 236.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Haverfordwest II (Withybush)". Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  7. 1 2 Delve 2007, p. 135.
  8. ↑ Phillips 2012, p. 34.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Phillips 2006, p. 87.
  10. 1 2 Phillips 2006, p. 86 & 87.
  11. 1 2 "RAF St. David's / Solva". www.abct.org.uk. Retrieved 20 April 2023.
  12. 1 2 3 Phillips 2006, p. 88.
  13. 1 2 Lake 1999, p. 145.
  14. 1 2 3 4 "RAF Haverfordwest". rafweb.org. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
  15. 1 2 Lake 1999, p. 146.
  16. ↑ Lake 1999, p. 161.
  17. ↑ Phillips 2009, p. 35.
  18. ↑ "No. 516 Squadron (RAF)". historyofwar.org. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
  19. ↑ Jefford 2001, p. 97.
  20. ↑ Phillips 2006, p. 87 & 236.
  21. ↑ "2710 RAF Regiment". rafweb.org. Retrieved 19 June 2023.
  22. ↑ "No. 2710 Sqn RAF Regiment". The National Archives (United Kingdom). Retrieved 19 June 2023.
  23. ↑ "No. 2776 Sqn RAF Regiment". The National Archives (United Kingdom). Retrieved 19 June 2023.
  24. ↑ Jones 2007, p. 114.
  25. ↑ Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 198.
  26. ↑ Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 212.
  27. 1 2 Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 200.
  28. 1 2 Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 43.
  29. ↑ Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 141.
  30. ↑ Sturtivant & Hamlin 2007, p. 193.

Bibliography

  • Delve, K. (2007). The Military Airfields of Britain Wales and West Midlands. Marlborough, UK: The Crowood Press. ISBN 978-1-86126-917-1.
  • Falconer, J. (2012). RAF Airfields of World War 2. UK: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85780-349-5.
  • Jefford, C. G. (2001). RAF Squadrons. A comprehensive record of the movement and equipment of all RAF squadrons and their antecedents since 1912 - 2nd Edition. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing. ISBN 1-84037-141-2.
  • Jones, I. (2007). Airfields and Landing Grounds of Wales: West. Stroud, UK: Tempus Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7524-4418-5.
  • Lake, A. (1999). Flying Units of the RAF. Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing. ISBN 1-84037-086-6.
  • Phillips, A. (2006). Military Airfields of Wales. Wrexham, Wales, UK: Bridge Books. ISBN 1-84494-019-5.
  • Phillips, A. (2009). Brawdy Stronghold in the West. Stroud, UK: The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7524-4923-4.
  • Phillips, A. (2012). Welsh Military Airfields Through Time. Stroud, UK: Amberley Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4456-0993-5.
  • Sturtivant, R.; Hamlin, J. (2007). Royal Air Force flying training and support units since 1912. UK: Air-Britain (Historians). ISBN 978-0851-3036-59.
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