Recklinghausen
City
City hall
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Recklinghausen within Recklinghausen district
Recklinghausen Show map of Germany Recklinghausen Show map of North Rhine-Westphalia
Coordinates: 51°35′6″N 7°9′43″E / 51.58500°N 7.16194°E / 51.58500; 7.16194
Country	Germany
State	North Rhine-Westphalia
Admin. region	Münster
District	Recklinghausen
Government
• Mayor (2020–25)	Christoph Tesche[1] (CDU)
Area
• Total	66.4 km2 (25.6 sq mi)
Elevation	85 m (279 ft)
Population  (2021-12-31)[2]
• Total	110,714
• Density	1,700/km2 (4,300/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes	45601–45665
Dialling codes	02361
Vehicle registration	RE
Website	www.recklinghausen.de (in German)

Recklinghausen (German pronunciation: [ˌʁɛklɪŋˈhaʊzn̩] ^ⓘ; Westphalian: Riäkelhusen) is the northernmost city in the Ruhr-Area and the capital of the Recklinghausen district. It borders the rural Münsterland and is characterized by large fields and farms in the north and industry in the south. Recklinghausen is the 60th-largest city in Germany and the 22nd-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia.

History

First mentioned in 1017 as Ricoldinchuson, in 1150 the city was the center of the surrounding Vest Recklinghausen. In 1236, Recklinghausen received town privileges. There is record of Jews in the city as early as 1305.^[3] As part of the County of Vest, ownership of Recklinghausen changed several times in the 15th and 16th century, and in 1576, the entire county was pawned to the Elector of Cologne. In 1582–83, again in 1586, and again in 1587, the city was plundered by partisan armies during the Cologne War, a feud over religious parity in Electorate of Cologne and electoral influence in the Holy Roman Empire.

Seventeenth-century Recklinghausen

Recklinghausen was also the site of more than 100 witchcraft trials (1514–1710). The trial activity reached a climax twice: In the time period of 1580/81 and again in 1588/89. The last person to be convicted of witchcraft was Anna Spickermann; after spending 16 months in prison, she was sentenced to death by sword and burned afterward.

Circa 1600, the administration of the Vest Recklinghausen was divided into two parts, with the eastern part administered by Recklinghausen. The town of Recklinghausen including the parish of Recklinghausen and the parishes Ahsen, Datteln, Flaesheim, Hamm-Bossendorf, Henrichenburg, Herten, Horneburg, Oer, Suderwich, Waltrop and Westerholt. In 1803-1811 became the capital of a sovereign Principality of the Dukes of Arenberg who retain the title. Circa 1815, the Vest was made a Bürgermeisterei, with the town becoming the seat. In 1819, Herten joined the Recklinghausen Bürgermeisterei, and Erkenschwick followed in 1821.

During World War II, in December 1939, the Stalag XX-B prisoner-of-war camp was founded in the city, however, it was relocated after a few days,^[4] and from 1941 to 1943, a forced labour camp was operated in the city.^[5] As a target of the Oil Campaign of World War II, oil production at Recklinghausen/Forstezung was bombed by the RAF on 15 January 1945; and South Recklinghausen (Recklinghausen Süd) was captured by the US 137th Infantry on 1 April 1945.^[6]

Main sights

Icon museum of Recklinghausen

Official logo of Recklinghausen

Recklinghausen is home to a museum of icons, which includes more than 1,000 Orthodox works from Russia, Greece and the Balkan countries, as well as early Coptic Christian art from Egypt. The icon museum – the largest outside the Orthodox world – was founded in 1956 and reopened after renovation in February 2006 for its 50th anniversary.

The Ruhrfestspielhaus (Ruhr Festival Theatre), whose remodeling in 2001 won the German Architecture Award is home of "Die Liegende Nr 5", a famous sculpture by Henry Moore. At the Lohtor in front of a memorial for the victims of World War I, there is a large sculpture made of more than 30,000 bricks by Per Kirkeby.

Annual events

Recklinghausen hosts the annual Ruhrfestspiele (Ruhr Festival), a cultural festival with an international reputation. Every year there is a cultural programme with many national and international theatrical productions starting on 1 May. In 2008 the programme included the play Speed the Plow starring Kevin Spacey and Jeff Goldblum as one of the major productions. The main theatrical stage is the Ruhrfestspielhaus but other theatres in and around Recklinghausen participate.

Transport

The two major motorways crossing the area of the city are the A2 and the A43. The city is connected to the larger waterways by the Rhein-Herne-Kanal. Recklinghausen has two railway stations. The Central Station (Recklinghausen Hauptbahnhof), which is served by Intercity and EuroCity services, and the South Station (Recklinghausen Südbahnhof).

There are two Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn - S 2 to Dortmund via Herne - Castrop-Rauxel and S 9 to Hagen via Gladbeck - Bottrop - Essen - Velbert - Wuppertal.

Politics

City council

Results of the 2020 city council election.

The Recklinghausen city council governs the city alongside the Mayor. The most recent city council election was held on 13 September 2020, and the results were as follows:

Party		Votes	%	+/-	Seats	+/-
	Christian Democratic Union (CDU)	16,078	37.0	0.6	21	2
	Social Democratic Party (SPD)	10,924	25.2	12.8	14	6
	Alliance 90/The Greens (Grüne)	7,757	17.9	8.3	10	5
	Alternative for Germany (AfD)	2,861	6.6	New	4	New
	The Left (Die Linke)	1,867	4.3	1.7	2	1
	Free Democratic Party (FDP)	1,561	3.6	0.4	2	±0
	Independent Citizens' Party (UBP)	1,477	3.4	3.4	2	1
	Die PARTEI	614	1.4	New	1	New
	Ecological Democratic Party (ÖDP)	199	0.5	New	0	New
	Party of Holistic Democracy (PHD)	103	0.2	New	0	New
Valid votes		43,441	98.4
Invalid votes		687	1.6
Total		44,128	100.0		56	4
Electorate/voter turnout		92,107	47.9	0.4
Source: City of Recklinghausen

Twin towns – sister cities

Recklinghausen is twinned with:^[7]

Notable people

Gallery

• 
  Central market
• 
  Lohtor Square with Saint Peter's Church and sculpture of Per Kirkeby
• 
  Former hospital in Westviertel
• 
  Half-timber houses in the city
• 
  The "Palais Vest" shopping mall
• 
  City wall from the Middle Ages

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Recklinghausen.

• Museums of Recklinghausen (in German)
• Corpus juris of the county of Recklinghausen