2008 Taiwanese legislative election
12 January 2008 (2008-01-12)[1]
All 113 seats in the Legislative Yuan
57 seats needed for a majority
Registered17,179,656[lower-alpha 1]
Turnout58.50%[lower-alpha 2] Decrease 0.85 pp
  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Wu Po-hsiung Chen Shui-bian
Party Kuomintang DPP
Alliance Pan-Blue Pan-Green
Last election 32.83%, 79 seats 35.72%, 89 seats
Seats won 81 27
Seat change Increase 2 Decrease 62
Constituency vote 5,291,512
53.50%		 3,775,352
38.17%
Party vote 5,010,801
51.23%		 3,610,106
36.91%
  Third party Fourth party
 
Leader Lin Pin-kuan James Soong
Party NPSU People First
Alliance Pan-Blue Pan-Blue
Last election 3.63%, 6 seats 13.90%, 34 seats
Seats won 3 1
Seat change Decrease 3 Decrease 34
Constituency vote 239,317
2.42%		 28,254
0.29%
Party vote 68,527
0.70%		 Did not stand
Vote share by constituencies
Election cartogram

Legislative elections were held in Taiwan on 12 January 2008 to elect the members of the Legislative Yuan. It was the first Legislative Yuan election after the constitutional amendments of 2005, which extended term length from three to four years, reduced seat count from 225 to 113, and introduced the current electoral system.

The results gave the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Pan-Blue Coalition a supermajority (86 of the 113 seats) in the legislature, handing a heavy defeat to then-President Chen Shui-bian's Democratic Progressive Party, which won the remaining 27 seats only. The junior partner in the Pan-Green Coalition, the Taiwan Solidarity Union, won no seats.

Two transitional justice referendums, both of which failed to pass due to low turnout, were held at the same time.

Legislature reform

For the first time in the history of Taiwan, most members of the Legislative Yuan were to be elected from single-member districts: 73 of the 113 members were chosen in such districts by the plurality voting system (first-past-the-post). Parallel to the single member constituencies (not compensating for disproportionality in single-member districts), 34 seats were elected in one national district by party-list proportional representation. For these seats, only political parties whose votes exceed a five percent threshold were eligible for the allocation. Six further seats were reserved for Taiwanese aborigines. Therefore, each elector had two ballots under parallel voting.

The aboriginal members were elected by single non-transferable vote in two 3-member constituencies for lowland aborigines and highland aborigines respectively. This did not fulfill the promise in the treaty-like document A New Partnership Between the Indigenous Peoples and the Government of Taiwan, where each of the 13 recognized indigenous peoples was to get at least one seat, and the distinction between highland and lowland abolished.

The breakdown by administrative unit was:[2]

JurisdictionSeatsJurisdictionSeatsJurisdictionSeats
Taipei City8Taichung City3Kaohsiung County4
Kaohsiung City5Changhua County4Pingtung County3
Taipei County12Yunlin County2Yilan County1
Keelung City1Nantou County2Hualien County1
Taoyuan County6Chiayi County2Taitung County1
Hsinchu City1Chiayi City1Penghu County1
Hsinchu County1Tainan County3Kinmen County1
Miaoli County2Tainan City2Lienchiang County1
Taichung County5

The delimitation of the single-member constituencies within the cities and counties was a major political issue, with bargaining between the government and the legislature. Of the 15 cities and counties to be partitioned (the ten others have only one seat), only seven of the districting schemes proposed by the CEC were approved in a normal way. The eight other schemes were decided by drawing lots: "Taipei and Taichung cities and Miaoli and Changhua counties will adopt the version suggested by the CEC, while Kaohsiung city will follow the consensus of the legislature. Taipei county will follow the proposal offered by the opposition Taiwan Solidarity Union, Taoyuan county will adopt the ruling Democratic Progressive Party's scheme, and Pingtung county will use the scheme agreed upon by the Non-partisan Solidarity Union, People First Party, Kuomintang and Taiwan Solidarity Union."[3]

Impact of the electoral system

The elections were the first held under a new electoral system which had been approved by both major parties in constitutional amendments adopted in 2005, but which one political scientist has argued favored the KMT. The rules are set up so that every county has at least one seat, which gave a higher representation for smaller counties in which the KMT traditionally has done well. Northern counties tend to be marginally in favor of KMT, whereas southern counties tend to be strongly for DPP, and the single member system limits this advantage. The partially led to the result that the legislative count was highly in favor of the KMT while the difference in the number of votes cast for the KMT and DPP were less dramatic.[4]

It was considered possible that the 2008 Taiwanese presidential election would be held on the same day as this election, but this was eventually not the case, with the presidential happening 10 weeks later, in March. Two referendums were held on the same date.

Results

PartyParty-listConstituency/AboriginalTotal
seats
Votes%SeatsVotes%Seats
Kuomintang[lower-roman 1][lower-roman 2]5,010,80151.23205,291,51253.506181
Democratic Progressive Party3,610,10636.91143,775,35238.171327
New Party[lower-roman 2]386,6603.9500
Taiwan Solidarity Union344,8873.53093,8400.9500
Home Party77,8700.8006,3550.0600
Non-Partisan Solidarity Union68,5270.700239,3172.4233
Green Party Taiwan58,4730.60014,7670.1500
Taiwan Farmers' Party57,1440.5808,6810.0900
Civil Party48,1920.4906,5620.0700
Third Society Party45,5940.47010,0570.1000
Hakka Party42,0040.4308,8600.0900
Taiwan Constitution Association30,3150.3103,9260.0400
People First Party[lower-roman 1]28,2540.2911
Democratic Liberal Party5,0940.0500
Great Mercy and Charity Party3,7830.0400
Hongyun Loyalty Party5810.0100
World Peace Party4890.0000
Independents[lower-roman 3]393,3463.9811
Total9,780,573100.00349,890,776100.0079113
Valid votes9,780,57397.079,890,77698.41
Invalid/blank votes295,6662.93159,8431.59
Total votes10,076,239100.0010,050,619100.00
Registered voters/turnout17,288,55158.2817,179,65658.50
Source: Election Study Center, CEC
  1. 1 2 In a pre-election agreement, the Kuomintang and the People First Party agreed to register most PFP constituency candidates as KMT candidates, and nominate a common KMT party list, in order to prevent splitting of the Pan-Blue vote. The PFP won one aboriginal seat it contested under its own name, five constituency seats contested under the KMT banner, and three seats within the KMT party list.
  2. 1 2 Under New Party direction, all New Party legislators in the outgoing legislature had joined the KMT, and New Party members ran as KMT candidates with New Party endorsement in this election. The New Party ran only party list candidates in this election but failed to pass the 5% threshold.
  3. ↑ Chen Fu-hai of Kinmen, the lone independent elected in this election, is a former KMT member and endorsed the KMT presidential campaign. Hence the strength of the Pan-Blue coalition is taken as 86.

Legislators elected through constituency and aborigine ballots

Constituency Elected candidate(s) Popular vote
Taipei City Constituency 1 Ting Shou-chung (丁守中) 59.81%
Taipei City Constituency 2 Justin Chou 52.39%
Taipei City Constituency 3 John Chiang 60.25%
Taipei City Constituency 4 Alex Tsai 62.25%
Taipei City Constituency 5 Lin Yu-fang 58.24%
Taipei City Constituency 6 Diane Lee 66.80%
Taipei City Constituency 7 Alex Fai (費鴻泰) 65.79%
Taipei City Constituency 8 Lai Shyh-bao 71.81%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 1 Huang Chao-shun 58.29%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 2 Kuan Bi-ling 48.84%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 3 Hou Tsai-feng (侯彩鳳) 49.13%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 4 Lee Fu-hsing 51.32%
Kaohsiung City Constituency 5 Kuo Wen-chen (郭玟成) 46.01%
Taipei County Constituency 1 Wu Yu-sheng (吳育昇) 58.38%
Taipei County Constituency 2 Lin Shu-fen 43.17%
Taipei County Constituency 3 Yu Tian 49.51%
Taipei County Constituency 4 Lee Hung-chun (李鴻鈞) People First Party 51.73%
Taipei County Constituency 5 Huang Chih-hsiung 52.32%
Taipei County Constituency 6 Lin Hung-chih 56.93%
Taipei County Constituency 7 Wu Chin-chih People First Party 55.82%
Taipei County Constituency 8 Chang Ching-chung (張慶忠) 59.55%
Taipei County Constituency 9 Lin Te-fu (林德福) 69.61%
Taipei County Constituency 10 Lu Chia-chen 60.10%
Taipei County Constituency 11 Lo Ming-tsai (羅明才) 69.69%
Taipei County Constituency 12 Lee Ching-hua 51.96%
Keelung City Hsieh Kuo-liang 67.79%
Yilan County Lin Chien-jung (林建榮) 53.12%
Taoyuan County Constituency 1 Chen Ken-te (陳根德) 61.76%
Taoyuan County Constituency 2 Liao Cheng-ching (廖正井) 54.57%
Taoyuan County Constituency 3 John Wu 63.22%
Taoyuan County Constituency 4 Yang Li-huan (楊麗環) 62.42%
Taoyuan County Constituency 5 Chu Fong-chi 63.76%
Taoyuan County Constituency 6 Sun Ta-chien (孫大千) 65.02%
Hsinchu County Chiu Ching-chun 66.52%
Hsinchu City Lu Hsueh-chang (呂學樟) 60.61%
Miaoli County Constituency 1 Li Yi-ting 58.01%
Miaoli County Constituency 2 Hsu Yao-chang 45.62%
Taichung County Constituency 1 Liu Chuan-chung 53.59%
Taichung County Constituency 2 Yen Ching-piao 59.94%
Taichung County Constituency 3 Chiang Lien-fu (江連福) 54.95%
Taichung County Constituency 4 Shyu Jong-shyong 64.00%
Taichung County Constituency 5 Yang Chiung-ying 57.68%
Taichung City Constituency 1 Tsai Chin-lung (蔡錦隆) 61.29%
Taichung City Constituency 2 Lu Shiow-yen 57.08%
Taichung City Constituency 3 Daniel Huang (黃義交) People First Party 54.91%
Changhua County Constituency 1 Chen Hsiu-ching 44.96%
Changhua County Constituency 2 Lin Tsang-min (林滄敏) 60.02%
Changhua County Constituency 3 Cheng Ru-fen (鄭汝芬) 45.33%
Changhua County Constituency 4 Hsiao Ching-tien (蕭景田) 41.26%
Nantou County Constituency 1 Wu Den-yih 67.12%
Nantou County Constituency 2 Lin Ming-chen 57.93%
Yunlin County Constituency 1 Chiang Chia-chun (張嘉郡) 56.24%
Yunlin County Constituency 2 Chang Sho-wen 49.11%
Chiayi County Constituency 1 Wong Chung-chun 57.47%
Chiayi County Constituency 2 Helen Chang 57.05%
Chiayi City Chiang Yi-hsiung (江義雄) 46.70%
Tainan County Constituency 1 Yeh Yi-jin (葉宜津) 54.57%
Tainan County Constituency 2 Huang Wei-cher 59.16%
Tainan County Constituency 3 Lee Chun-yee 52.66%
Tainan City Constituency 1 Chen Ting-fei 50.27%
Tainan City Constituency 2 William Lai 51.64%
Kaohsiung County Constituency 1 Chung Shao-ho People First Party 53.55%
Kaohsiung County Constituency 2 Lin Yi-shih 55.27%
Kaohsiung County Constituency 3 Chen Chi-yu (陳啟昱) 45.13%
Kaohsiung County Constituency 4 Chiang Ling-chun (江玲君) 50.22%
Pingtung County Constituency 1 Su Chen-ching (蘇震清) 46.90%
Pingtung County Constituency 2 Wang Chin-shih (王進士) 56.82%
Pingtung County Constituency 3 Pan Men-an 51.30%
Hualien County Fu Kun-chi People First Party 66.39%
Taitung County Justin Huang 61.09%
Penghu County Lin Pin-kuan 50.71%
Kinmen County Chen Fu-hai 37.31%
Lienchiang County Tsao Erh-chung 49.72%
Lowland Aborigine

Liao Kuo-tung ( Kuomintang)
Yang Jen-fu ( Kuomintang)
Lin Cheng-er (林正二) ( People First Party)
Highland Aborigine

Chien Tung-ming ( Kuomintang)
Kung Wen-chi (孔文吉) ( Kuomintang)
Kao Chin Su-mei ( Non-Partisan Solidarity Union )
  • Notes:
  1. Candidates marked People First Party are People First Party candidates running under the KMT party banner.
  2. Candidates marked are New Party candidates who joined the Kuomintang with New Party endorsement.
  3. Most names on the list follow the Tongyong Pinyin romanization used in the Central Election Committee website and may not accurately reflect the candidates' preferred romanization of their name.

Legislators elected through proportional representation and overseas Chinese ballots

No.PartyElected/CandidatesCandidate List
1Civil Party0/4
  1. Lei Chiao-yun (雷僑雲)
  2. Chien Han-ching (錢漢清)
  3. Chen Hua Zu (陳華足)
  4. Kong Jen-yi (孔仁奕)
2 Taiwan Constitution Association0/3
  1. Wu Ying-hsiang (吳景祥)
  2. Huang Sin Jhu (黃馨主)
  3. Huang Chien-ming (黃千明)
3 Taiwan Solidarity Union0/15
  1. Chen Yung-hsing
  2. Chen Yu-feng (陳玉峯)
  3. Lai Shin-yuan
  4. Shih Chao-hsien (施朝賢)
  5. Chien Lin Hui-chun (錢林慧君)
  6. Chiang Wei-chun (江偉君)
  7. Huang Kun-huei
  8. Lo Chih-ming
  9. Lee Yi-chieh (李宜潔)
  10. Fan Sheng-bao (范盛保)
  11. Chang Chin-sheng (張金生)
  12. Fu Hsin-yi (傅馨儀)
  13. Huang Chao-chan (黃昭展)
  14. Yeh Chin-ling (葉津鈴)
  15. Annie Lee (李安妮)
4Third Society Party0/5
  1. Lu Hsiu-chu (呂秀菊)
  2. Yang Wei-chung (楊偉中)
  3. Lin Chih-chen (林致真)
  4. Yang Ching-hua (楊靜華)
  5. Lin Chih-cheng (林志成)
5Democratic Progressive Party14/33
  1. Chen Chieh-ju
  2. Tsai Huang-liang
  3. Twu Shiing-jer
  4. Chiu Yi-ying
  5. Ker Chien-ming
  6. Huang Sue-ying
  7. Wang Sing-nan
  8. Hsueh Ling
  9. Gao Jyh-peng (高志鵬)
  10. Chen Ying (陳瑩)
  11. Yu Jane-daw (余政道)
  12. Wong Chin-chu
  13. Chai Trong-rong
  14. Tien Chiu-chin
  15. Hung Chi-chang
  16. Chang Fu-mei
  17. Michael You (游盈隆)
  18. Hsu Jung-shu
  19. Yu Shyi-kun
  20. Yang Fang-wan
  21. Chou Ching-yu
  22. Chen Mao-nan
  23. Wu Ming-ming
  24. Chang Shiow-jen
  25. Fan Sun-lu
  26. Wang To-far
  27. Chang Ching-hui
  28. Chou Kuang-chou (周光宙)
  29. Liu Mei-te (劉美德)
  30. Shih Yi-fang
  31. Li Yi Jing You Ma (麗依京·尤瑪)
  32. Liang Chen-hsiang (梁禎祥)
  33. Chen Hui-ling
6 New Party0/10
  1. Chou Yang-shan
  2. Joanna Lei
  3. Kao Chia-chun (高家俊)
  4. Lin Mei-lun (林美倫)
  5. Hsu Tsung-mao (徐宗懋)
  6. Kuo Chia-fen (郭家芬)
  7. Ke Chien-pu (葛建埔)
  8. Sun Chi-chen (孫吉珍)
  9. Lee Sheng-feng
  10. Yok Mu-ming
7 Green Party Taiwan0/4
  1. Mary Chen
  2. Chang Hui-shan (張輝山)
  3. Chang Hung-lin (張宏林)
  4. Wang Fang-ping (王芳萍)
8Taiwan Farmers' Party0/8
  1. Chien Hsiao-feng (錢小鳳)
  2. Ke Chun-hsiung (柯俊雄)
  3. Ma Kuo-ching (馬國清)
  4. Chen Hsin-hung (陳信宏)
  5. Fan Chiang Hsiu-chen (范姜秀珍)
  6. Chen Chung-kuang (陳重光)
  7. Hung Mei-chen (洪美珍)
  8. Chang Wen-cheng (張文正)
9 Non-Partisan Solidarity Union 0/2
  1. Christina Liu
  2. Chen Chieh-ju
10 Kuomintang20/34
  1. Wang Jin-pyng
  2. Hung Hsiu-chu
  3. Tseng Yung-chuan
  4. Tina Pan
  5. Chiu Yi
  6. Cheng Chin-ling (鄭金玲) People First Party
  7. Chen Chieh (陳杰)
  8. Lee Jih-chu
  9. Chang Hsien-yao
  10. Nancy Chao (趙麗雲)
  11. Lee Chia-chin (李嘉進)
  12. Liao Wan-ju (廖婉汝)
  13. Chi Kuo-tung (紀國棟)
  14. Lo Shu-lei (羅淑蕾) People First Party
  15. Mark Li
  16. Kuo Su-chun (郭素春)
  17. Liu Shen-liang
  18. Cheng Li-wen
  19. Shuai Hua-min (帥化民)
  20. Hsu Shao-ping (徐少萍)
  21. Hsu Shu-po (許舒博)
  22. Chen Shu-hui
  23. Lee Chuan-chiao (李全教)
  24. Hsu Yu-chen (許宇甄)
  25. Huang Liang-hua (黃良華)
  26. Yang Yu-chen (楊玉珍)
  27. Lin Cheng-feng (林正峰)
  28. Hua Chen (華真)
  29. Yao Chiang-lin (姚江臨)
  30. Chiu Mei-jui (邱美瑞)^ People First Party
  31. Chiang Chi-wun (江綺雯)
  32. Lu Chun-lin (呂春霖)
  33. Chiu Jun-jung (邱潤容)
  34. Hsieh Kun-hung (謝坤宏)
11 Home Party0/7
  1. Yang Yu-hsin (楊玉欣)
  2. Yao Li-ming
  3. Chen Yao-chang (陳耀昌)
  4. Hu Te-fu (胡德夫)
  5. Huang Hui-chun (黃惠君)
  6. Tsung Ying-yi (宗景宜)
  7. Wei Yao-chien
12 Hakka Party0/3
  1. Sung Chu-yu (宋楚瑜)
  2. Chung Deng-ting (鍾棖婷)
  3. Peng Yun-huang (彭雲煌)
  • Notes:
  1. Candidates marked with a ^ are overseas Chinese candidates.
  2. Elected candidates are marked with a next to their name.
  3. Candidates with People First Party are People First Party candidates running on a joint ticket with the Kuomintang[5]。
  4. Green Party Taiwan candidate Wang Fang Ping is endorsed by the coalition Raging Citizens Act Now! (人民火大行動聯盟)[6]。
  5. Most names on the list follow the Tongyong Pinyin romanization used in the Central Election Committee website and may not accurately reflect the candidates' preferred romanization of their name.

Legislators elected through subsequent by-elections

Date Constituency Outgoing member Incoming member
14 March 2009 Miaoli 1 Li Yi-ting Kang Shih-ju
28 March 2009 Taipei City 6 Diane Lee Chiang Nai-shin
26 September 2009 Yunlin 2 Chang Sho-wen Liu Chien-kuo
5 December 2009 Nantou 1 Wu Den-yih Ma Wen-chun
9 January 2010 Taichung County 3 Chiang Lien-fu (江連福) Tony Jian
9 January 2010 Taitung Justin Huang Lie Kuen-cheng (賴坤成)
9 January 2010 Taoyuan 2 Liao Cheng-ching (廖正井) Kuo June-tsung (郭榮宗)
27 February 2010 Chiayi County 2 Helen Chang Chen Ming-wen
27 February 2010 Taoyuan 3 John Wu Huang Jen-shu (黃仁杼)
27 February 2010 Hsinchu County Chiu Ching-chun Perng Shaw-jiin
27 February 2010 Hualien Fu Kun-chi People First Party 王廷升
5 March 2011 Kaohsiung 4

(Kaohsiung County 3 in 2008)

 Chen Chi-yu (陳啟昱) Lin Tai-hua (林岱樺)
5 March 2011 Tainan 4 (Tainan City 2 in 2008) William Lai Hsu Tain-tsair

Impact

With this election the KMT and the Pan-Blue Coalition have more than the two-thirds majority needed to propose a recall election of the President and if NPSU votes are counted with the pan-Blue coalition, more than the three-quarters majority needed to propose constitutional amendments.

Reaction from People's Republic of China

The government of People's Republic of China, which claims sovereignty over Taiwan, remained largely silent on the election result. State media carried brief updates of results and passed no comment on either the referendum or the Kuomintang victory.[7]

The government of China appointed 13 representatives for Taiwan to its own National People's Congress on the same day. These delegates are mostly descendants of Taiwanese who emigrated to the Mainland, or Communist supporters who fled Taiwan. Their positions are ceremonial as the PRC do not exercise effective jurisdiction over Taiwan.[8]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ District and aboriginal electorate; party-list electorate size was 17,288,551
  2. ↑ District and aboriginal electorate; party-list voter turnout was 58.28%

References

  1. ↑ "中選會資料庫網站". cec.gov.tw (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 30 May 2020. Retrieved 29 January 2020.
  2. ↑ Central Election Commission
  3. ↑ January 31, 2007.CEC Completes Legislative Constituency Redistricting Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine. Taiwan Headlines. Retrieved on 2008-01-12.
  4. ↑ "中時電子報｜最新焦點". Archived from the original on 2008-01-15. Retrieved 2008-01-13.
  5. ↑ 謝自宗 (2007-11-20). "吳伯雄接待親民黨張顯耀等不分區立委候選人". (Independence Evening Post). Archived from the original on 2007-12-11.
  6. ↑ 人民火大行動聯盟 - 不分區立委候選人 王芳萍簡介 Archived 2008-02-12 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ↑ 新华网专题报道
  8. ↑ "China 'elects' 13 of its own representatives for Taiwan - The China Post". Archived from the original on 2008-01-15. Retrieved 2008-01-13.
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