Rick Astley
Astley at Glastonbury Festival 2023
Born
Richard Paul Astley

(1966-02-06) 6 February 1966
Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire, England
Occupations
  • Singer
  • songwriter
  • radio personality
Years active
  • 1985–1993
  • 2000–present
Spouse
Lene Bausager
​
(m. 2003)​
Children1
Musical career
Genres
Instrument(s)
  • Vocals
  • drums
  • guitar
DiscographyRick Astley discography
Labels
Websiterickastley.co.uk

Richard Paul Astley (born 6 February 1966) is an English singer who has been active in music for several decades. He gained worldwide fame in the 1980s, having multiple hits, including his signature songs "Together Forever", "Whenever You Need Somebody" and especially "Never Gonna Give You Up". He returned to music full-time in the 2000s after a 6-year hiatus. Outside his music career, Astley has occasionally worked as a radio DJ and a podcaster.[1] By the time of his brief retirement, Astley had sold approximately 40 million records worldwide.[2][3]

Born and raised in Lancashire, Astley became a musician after leaving school, as the drummer for the soul band FBI. Three years later, he rose to fame through his association with the production trio Stock Aitken Waterman; releasing the 1987 album Whenever You Need Somebody, which sold 15.2 million copies worldwide. His debut single "Never Gonna Give You Up" was a number 1 hit single in 25 countries, winning the 1988 Brit Award for Best British Single.[4][5] His 1988 single "Together Forever" became his second single to top the US Billboard Hot 100, and was one of his eight songs to reach the top ten on the UK Singles Chart. The title track was a No 1 single in seven countries, and it reached No 3 in the UK. In 1988, Astley followed-up his debut album with Hold Me In Your Arms. The lead single "She Wants to Dance with Me" was Astley's first single that he wrote himself, and it became a worldwide top 10 hit.

In 1991, Astley left Stock Aitken Waterman and moved his musical direction away from dance-pop and towards soul, which he explored on his albums Free (1991) and Body and Soul (1993). His 1991 single "Cry for Help" was Astley's last single to reach the top 10 in either the US or UK. In 1993, Astley retired from music to focus on spending time with his partner and raising their daughter. He returned to the music industry in 2000, and released the single "Sleeping" and the album Keep It Turned On in 2001. Four years later, Astley released his covers album Portrait. In 2010, Astley released the single "Lights Out" after touring with Peter Kay. Six years later, he released his album 50 to celebrate his 50th birthday, which debuted in the UK at No. 1.[6] He released his most recent studio album Are We There Yet? in 2023, and released his greatest hits album The Best of Me in 2019. His most recent albums were recorded at his home studio in Surrey.[7]

Astley became an Internet phenomenon in 2007 when the music video for his song "Never Gonna Give You Up" became integral to the Rickrolling meme,[8] and his performance career was revitalised by the meme's popularity. A year after the Rickrolling meme began, Astley was voted "Best Act Ever" by Internet users at the MTV Europe Music Awards 2008.[9] His song "Never Gonna Give You Up" reached 1 billion views on YouTube in July 2021, becoming the fourth 1980s song to reach this milestone.[lower-alpha 1]

Early life

Richard Paul Astley was born on 6 February 1966 in Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire, the fourth child of his family. His parents divorced when he was five and Astley was brought up by his father Horace Astley.[11] Astley remained in very close contact with his mother Cynthia Astley, who lived a few streets away from his father. After finding out that his father was the one who kicked his mother out of the house, Astley distanced himself from his father.[12] When he was 10 years old, Astley began singing in a local church choir, which began his love of music.[13]

During his schooldays, Astley formed and played the drums in a number of local bands, where he met guitarist David Morris.[5][14] After leaving school at sixteen, Astley was employed during the day as a driver in his father's market-gardening business and played drums on the Northern club circuit at night in bands such as Give Way – specialising in covering Beatles and Shadows songs – and FBI, which won several local talent competitions.[13]

Career

1985–1986: Signing with Stock Aitken Waterman

In 1985, Astley was performing as a drummer with a soul band named FBI, with Morris on guitar. They were a well-known local band writing and performing their own music, gigging in pubs and clubs. When FBI's lead singer left the band, and Morris left to concentrate on his career in hairdressing,[14] Astley offered to be the lead vocalist. This was when he was noticed by the record producer Pete Waterman, who persuaded him to come to London to work at the Pete Waterman Limited (PWL) recording studio,[5] with RCA Records publishing his records. Under the tutelage of the production team of Mike Stock, Matt Aitken and Pete Waterman, known as Stock Aitken Waterman (SAW), Astley was taught about the recording process and groomed for his future career, supposedly starting off as the recording studio "tea boy". The reason for Astley to be hired as a "tape op" was to overcome his shyness.[15] SAW also hired most of FBI, including Morris as a guitarist/songwriter.[14]

1987–1989: Success

His first single was "When You Gonna", released as a collaboration with Lisa Fabien, and was produced by Phil Harding and Ian Curnow. "We were at a stage early on with Rick, when no one knew quite what to do with him," recalled Harding. "The idea was to make him happen in the clubs... [but the song] opened up the doors for him at Capital Radio."[16] The song was released in May 1987, and with no promotion managed to chart at No. 17 in the Netherlands[17] and No. 20 in Belgium.[18]

Astley's first solo offering was "Never Gonna Give You Up", recorded on New Year's Day 1987, and released eight months later, in August.[19] Although his producers were initially unenthusiastic about the track,[20] Astley's distinctive rich, deep voice combined with dance-pop made the song an immediate success,[21] spending five weeks at the top of the British charts and becoming the year's highest-selling single. The song was also a worldwide number-one hit, topping the charts in 24 other countries, including the US, Australia, and West Germany. It was the first of 13 (worldwide) top 30 hit singles for him. "Never Gonna Give You Up" won Best British Single at the 1988 BPI awards (now called the BRIT Awards),[22] and he performed it in front of a global audience of 100 million.[5][23]

Astley's next single was "Whenever You Need Somebody", which was released in October. The single was a recycled Stock Aitken Waterman song, originally recorded by O'Chi Brown in 1985, which Stock says was resurrected in the rush to gather strong follow up material in the wake of Astley's unexpectedly huge global success.[24] It became a successful European hit, reaching No. 1 in seven countries, including West Germany and Sweden. It also reached No. 3 in the UK. It was not released in North America.[25]

In November 1987, the album Whenever You Need Somebody, containing four tracks written by Astley, reached number one in the UK and Australia and No. 10 in the US. It was certified 4× Platinum in the UK and Canada, and 2× Platinum in the US. Whenever You Need Somebody sold 15.2 million copies worldwide, making Astley the top-selling British act of the year.[5]

In December 1987, Astley released a cover version of the Nat King Cole classic "When I Fall in Love". This single is mainly remembered for a closely fought contest for UK Christmas Number 1. Rivals EMI, hoping to see their act the Pet Shop Boys reach No. 1, rereleased Cole's version.[26][27] This led to a slowdown of purchases of Astley's version, allowing the Pet Shop Boys to reach the coveted top spot with their cover version of Always on My Mind. Despite selling over 200,000 copies and gaining a Silver certification from the BPI,[28] Astley's "When I Fall in Love" peaked in the UK at No. 2 for two weeks. The rerelease of Cole's version reached No. 4. The B side for Astley was a dance number, "My Arms Keep Missing You", which was successful in mainland Europe but wasn't released on an album until the 2002 compilation Greatest Hits.

Astley's fourth single release was "Together Forever" (1988), reaching No. 2 in the UK. It was denied the top spot by Kylie Minogue's debut "I Should Be So Lucky", which reached No. 1 following her successful role as Charlene Robinson in Neighbours.[29] "Together Forever" was more successful in the US, topping the charts, making it his second and last US chart-topper. In 1989 Astley was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best New Artist but lost to Tracy Chapman.

His fifth and final release from his debut album was "It Would Take a Strong Strong Man". It was a more soulful song than his other releases, and was mainly intended for the North American market. It was not released in Britain. It was another hit, reaching No. 10 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and No. 1 in Canada. During the period between his debut release and his fifth single, Astley outsold every other artist in the world.[30] In the UK, he was in the Top 40 every week for the first six months of his career.[5]

Production of the singer's follow up album with Stock Aitken Waterman got off to a rocky start, when a distressed Astley rejected the set's intended first single, "Nothing Can Divide Us" — a track the producers then gave to Jason Donovan.[31] Wishing to placate an unhappy Astley, producer Pete Waterman allowed him to start work with other writers and producers under the PWL umbrella,[32] but a fire in the PWL studios then destroyed much of Astley's new material,[5] causing a delay in the release of his second album.[32] Hold Me in Your Arms was released in January 1989, containing five singles, and reached No. 8 in the UK and No. 19 in the US, being certified platinum in the UK and gold in the US.

Astley's relationship with British media deteriorated significantly after the release of Hold Me in Your Arms, with the media calling him a "puppet" of Stock Aitken Waterman,[22] although Astley had written five of his new album's tracks. The negative press affected the sales of his singles.[33]

The first single from the album was "She Wants to Dance with Me", written by Astley. He composed the track in the style of Whitney Houston's hit, "I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)" in an effort to win the confidence of Waterman, who was a huge fan of Houston's song.[32] It was another successful single, reaching No. 6 on both the UK and US charts.

"Take Me to Your Heart" was the next single to be released from the album. It was one of four songs written and produced by Stock Aitken Waterman that were belatedly added to the album in order to help Astley make his release deadline following the fire.[32] These four tracks were written and produced in just two days, with writer Matt Aitken confirming "Take Me to Your Heart" was inspired by house music act Inner City's 1988 hit, "Big Fun".[32] The single reached No. 8 in the UK and was not released in the US.

"Hold Me in Your Arms", a ballad written by Astley, reached No. 10 in the UK and was also not released in North America. The next two singles released from the album were intended for the North American market. "Giving Up on Love" and a cover of The Temptations song "Ain't Too Proud to Beg" charted at No. 38 and No. 89 in the US respectively.

In December 1989, Astley set off on his first world tour, touring 15 countries including the UK, US, Australia, and Japan.[5] By the end of the tour, he was tired of the negative press and wanted to explore alternative paths as a musician. He left Stock Aitken Waterman and RCA Records bought out his contract with PWL.

1990–1993: Switch to soul and adult contemporary and career break

By 1990, Astley decided to leave his dance-pop days behind him, moving towards his passion, soul. This shift in musical genre led him to change his image, ditching the boy next door look, growing his hair, and presenting himself as a mature and passionate musician. His third album, Free, was released in 1991 and contained collaborations with Elton John.[22] It had three singles and reached No 9 in the UK and No 31 in the US.

He achieved one more major success with his 1991 ballad "Cry for Help", which reached No 7 in both the UK and the US. The other two singles from Free were not as successful. "Move Right Out" reached No 58 in the UK and No 81 in the US, and "Never Knew Love" reached No 70 in the UK and did not chart in the US. Free marked the end of Astley's successful period, and "Cry for Help" was the last Astley single to make the Top 10 in either the UK or US.

His next album, Body and Soul, was released in 1993, and was largely an Adult Contemporary album. By the time the album was released, Astley had decided to retire from the music industry. As a result, the album did not get much promotion,[5] not charting in the UK but managing to make the Billboard 200, peaking at No 182. The two singles, "The Ones You Love" and "Hopelessly", performed very well on the US adult contemporary chart, peaking at No 19 and No 4 respectively. "The Ones You Love" peaked at No 48 in the UK but did not chart in the US. "Hopelessly" also crossed over and peaked at No 28 on the US Billboard 100, staying in the US top 40 for five weeks, and No 33 in the UK. It was the last hit to chart on the Top 40 in the UK and US. It was named as one of the most performed songs at the 1994 BMI Awards,[34] and is one of the few songs to achieve BMI 'Million-Air' status.[35]

1994–2000: Retirement

Astley retired from the music industry in 1993, deciding that family life was more important. During his time out of the music business, he raised his daughter, born in 1992.[36] For much of the 1990s and early 2000s, Astley remained out of the spotlight. He later said this was due to his growing frustration with the business side of things.[37] During this period he co-wrote "Mission Statement", a track for former Marillion singer Fish's 1999 solo album Raingods with Zippos.[38][39]

2000–2020: Return to singing and renewed success

Seven years after Body and Soul, Astley returned to the music industry, signing a co-publishing deal with Polydor and recording a new album, Keep It Turned On, between November 2000 and September 2001, and released in late 2001. The album featured the single "Sleeping", which became a minor club hit, thanks to a set of remixes from the US house producer Todd Terry. Keep It Turned On was only released in Continental Europe.[5]

Astley's first compilation album, Greatest Hits, was released in 2002, and reached No 16 on the UK Albums Chart. With no promotion from Astley, it sold over 100,000 copies and was certified Gold by the British Phonographic Industry.[5] In 2003 he charted at No 10 in the UK as a songwriter with "Shakespeare's (Way With) Words" performed by short-lived boy band One True Voice.

In 2004, Astley toured for the first time in 14 years, which led him to a record contract with Sony BMG.[5]

In March 2005, Astley released the album Portrait, in which he covered many classic standards such as "Vincent",[40] "Nature Boy" and "Close to You". Astley and Sony BMG were unhappy with the result so the album was poorly promoted,[5] yet it managed to reach No 26 on the UK Albums Chart.

In April 2008, the album The Ultimate Collection: Rick Astley was released by Sony BMG, and by early May it had reached #17 on the UK Top 40 Albums Chart,[41] again with no promotion by Astley.

Astley performing in Copenhagen, Denmark, July 2009

In September 2008, Astley was nominated for the 'Best Act Ever' award at the MTV Europe Music Awards.[9] The push to make Astley the winner of the award continued after the announcement, as did efforts to encourage MTV to invite Astley to the awards ceremony.[42] On 7 November, following a massive Internet campaign by fans, Astley won the award in Liverpool but was not there in person to receive it. Perez Hilton collected the prize on his behalf.[43] On the back of this, "Never Gonna Give You Up" (which had recently become an Internet meme via Rickrolling) returned to the UK charts, over 21 years after it was released, peaking at No 73 during the Christmas period.

During the late 2000s, Astley continued touring across the globe, touring with various other 1980s acts, such as Boy George and Belinda Carlisle, in the Here and Now Tour.[5] In April 2009, he wrote an article for Time about moot.[44]

Astley was a special guest throughout Peter Kay's new tour, The Tour That Doesn't Tour Tour...Now On Tour, from 27 April to 22 May 2010. To mark the occasion, Astley released a new single, "Lights Out", on his own label on 7 June 2010.[45] It was his first release in the UK Singles Chart in 17 years. It was well received by radio, peaking at No 15 on the UK Airplay Charts, but failed to become a commercial hit, reaching only No 97 on the UK Singles Chart.

Astley performing at Bristol, June 2014

During the summer of 2010, Astley became a radio DJ for London's Magic FM, presenting a Sunday show.[46][47] The initial contract was for eight weeks, but he proved popular with listeners and his contract was extended till the end of the year.[48] In December 2010, Astley co-hosted the Chris Evans Breakfast Show on BBC Radio 2 with Peter Kay,[49] and in March 2011 appeared in Comic Relief's Red Nose Day telethon on the BBC.[50][51]

In April 2016 Astley released "Keep Singing", from his forthcoming album 50. Interviewed by Amanda Holden on the Lorraine show on 7 April, Astley explained that turning 50 had prompted him to release the single. He said, "It was a big milestone. I got back in the studio and friends were telling me the material I was working on was pretty good. So I decided to go for it."[52][37][53] On 31 May, the release date for Astley's 50 was revealed to be 10 June 2016.[54] The album reached number one on the Official UK Album Sales charts in the week of 17 June 2016 to 23 June 2016.[6]

In September 2016 Astley released the single "God Says / Dance", together with an official video.[55]

On 1 June 2018, Astley posted a video on Twitter announcing his upcoming album Beautiful Life set for release on 20 July.[56] He also released a single of the same name. Astley did a tour, the #BeautifulLife Tour, and tickets were first available for purchase to anyone who pre-ordered the album.[56] Beautiful Life was released earlier than previously said, on 13 July 2018. The album peaked at number 6 on the UK Albums Chart.

In 2019, Astley served as the support act on Take That's Greatest Hits Live 38-date tour in Britain and Ireland.[57][58] Astley is also an occasional guest vocalist at Foo Fighters concerts,[59][60] and has previously performed with A-ha and Kylie Minogue.[61][62] During live performances where he sings "Never Gonna Give You Up", Astley sometimes shouts out to the audience that he is feeling "bloody marvellous" or that he is feeling "fantastic" after the line "And if you ask me how I'm feeling" to have some banter with the audience.[63][64]

On 12 October 2019, Astley appeared on CBeebies Bedtime Stories.[65]

On 25 October 2019, Astley released a new album, The Best of Me, which includes some of his original tracks, some reimagined versions of his existing songs, and the new single "Every One of Us". One of the reimagined songs is a pianoforte version of "Never Gonna Give You Up", in which Astley changes the key to F minor. In live concerts, Astley sings it in A minor.[66]

2020–present: Covers and new material

In June 2020, towards the end of the nationwide lockdown in England due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Astley released four cover songs: "Ain't No Sunshine" by Bill Withers, "Everlong" by Foo Fighters, "Titanium" by David Guetta, and "Better Now" by Post Malone. Around this time, Astley made a TikTok account, launching it with a video of him dancing to "Never Gonna Give You Up" which received millions of views.[67]

On 30 November 2020, Astley released a single, "Love This Christmas", the video featuring Astley performing amid a flurry of snow and dancing snowmen. To accompany the single, Astley launched a signed limited edition Christmas card, with all proceeds going to the Shooting Stars Children's Hospices.[68]

On 16 March 2021, Astley recorded a cover of the Temptations song "My Girl". On 7 April 2021, Astley released a single, "Unwanted", inspired by the era and vibes of the original podcast.[69] On 28 July 2021, "Never Gonna Give You Up" hit one billion views on YouTube, making Astley the fourth 1980s artist to pass this milestone, after Michael Jackson, A-ha and Guns N' Roses. Astley celebrated by releasing a new limited-edition, signed, numbered and coloured 7" vinyl single of "Never Gonna Give You Up", backed with the pianoforte version from The Best of Me.

On 2 September 2021, amid the news that ABBA had reunited, Astley released a cover of their song "The Winner Takes It All".[70] That month, he and the band Blossoms performed two concerts of covers by the Smiths, who had disbanded in the 1980s.[71] They performed again at the 2023 Glastonbury Festival. The Guardian gave the performances positive reviews, suggesting that they offered fans a way to enjoy the Smiths without the "moral queasiness" of the Smiths singer, Morrissey, who had become a controversial figure in the preceding years.[72][73] Astley said he performed "from a place of absolute joy and love for those songs".[74] He also played a solo set at Glastonbury that year, his first appearance there.[75]

In October 2023 Astley released Are We There Yet?, his first album of new music since 2018's Beautiful Life. Inspired by soul music,[76] it debuted at number 2 on the UK Albums Chart.[77]

Legacy

Astley rickrolling the 2008 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade

In 2007,[78] Astley became the subject of a viral Internet meme known as rickrolling. The meme is a type of bait and switch using a disguised hyperlink that leads to the "Never Gonna Give You Up" music video. When victims click on a seemingly unrelated link, the site with the music video loads instead of what was expected, and in doing so they are said to have been "rickrolled". The meme has also extended to using the song's lyrics in unexpected places. The meme gained mainstream attention in 2008 through several publicized events, particularly when YouTube used it on its 2008 April Fools' Day event.[79] Rickrolling saw a massive resurgence online in the early 2020s. In online classes on Zoom during the worldwide COVID-19 lockdown, students often rickrolled their classmates and teachers.[80] A 4K remaster of the "Never Gonna Give You Up" music video went viral in early 2021.[81][82]

Initially, Astley, who had only recently returned to performing after a 10-year hiatus, was hesitant about using his newfound popularity from the meme to further his career, but accepted the fame when he rickrolled the 2008 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade with a surprise performance of the song. Since then, Astley has seen his performance career revitalised by the meme's popularity. In an interview, Astley stated that one of his favourite rickroll videos is "BarackRoll", a rickroll featuring clips from rallies by Barack Obama during his 2008 presidential campaign, edited to make it look as though he is singing "Never Gonna Give You Up".[83][84][85][86]

Astley himself has been rickrolled a few times; the first time pre-dated the viral phenomenon. In an interview with Larry King, Astley stated that the first time he fell for the prank was through an email his friend sent him during the early 2000s.[87] On a Reddit post in June 2020, a user claimed to have met Astley backstage when they were 12 years old, but the user posted a link to the song instead of a picture verifying the encounter. Astley later confirmed he had been tricked into clicking the link.[88][89] The post became the most upvoted post of 2020 on Reddit.[90]

Personal life

Astley has been married to film producer Lene Bausager since 2003.[91][92] They have a daughter who has a master's degree in fine art and is a garden designer.[92] Astley met Bausager when she was working as a promoter with RCA in 1987,[11] and she is now a film producer.[93] He and his wife live in the Surrey town of Molesey, and his daughter lives in Denmark.[94] He maintains a home recording studio and has a collection of guitars.[59]

In 2017, Astley partnered with Danish brewery Mikkeller, opening two pubs over the following years in Islington and Shoreditch, London.[95][96][97] In January 2023, Astley sued Yung Gravy over vocal imitations on Gravy's song "Betty (Get Money)". Astley asserts that it is a violation of his "right of publicity".[98] The case was settled in September 2023.[99] Also in 2023, Astley said on This Morning that he is experiencing hearing loss and now wearing hearing aids.[100]

Discography

See also

Notes

References

  1. ↑ "Rick Astley to join Greatest Hits Radio for special New Year's Eve show". Greatest Hits Radio. Retrieved 5 January 2022.
  2. ↑ Shropshire Star.com – 7 June 2008 Archived 10 June 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
  3. ↑ Liverpool Echo – 12 November 2007 Archived 5 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
  4. ↑ "Biography". Mike Stock Music. Archived from the original on 3 October 2011. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Rickastley.com – Biography Retrieved 28 April 2010. Archived 10 February 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  6. 1 2 Savage, Mark (17 June 2016). "Resurgent Rick Astley tops UK album chart". BBC. Archived from the original on 19 June 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  7. ↑ "Rick Astley's best songs that aren't 'Never Gonna Give You Up'". Tone Deaf. 2 June 2020. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  8. ↑ Rick Biografia Archived 21 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine. VH1 Spañol (undated). Retrieved 27 December 2006.
  9. 1 2 "Astley shortlisted for MTV award". BBC News. 2 October 2008. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
  10. ↑ Spangler, Todd (29 July 2021). "Rick Astley's 'Never Gonna Give You Up' Rolls Past 1 Billion YouTube Views". Variety. Retrieved 6 September 2021.
  11. 1 2 "Rick Astley: The pop idol returns". The Independent. London. 13 October 2005. Archived from the original on 5 June 2016. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
  12. ↑ Barber, Richard (23 June 2018). "I was embarrassed being a millionaire at just 22". Daily Express. Archived from the original on 4 September 2018. Retrieved 3 September 2018.
  13. 1 2 "Rick Astley – About". Lookstudio.com. Archived from the original on 5 February 2002. Retrieved 16 May 2010.
  14. 1 2 3 "MP David Morris on his journey from pop to politics". BBC. 2 March 2011. Archived from the original on 15 June 2018. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
  15. ↑ "YouTube – Rick Astley Interview in 1987 (TVam) (1987)". Archived from the original on 12 February 2013. Retrieved 14 May 2010 – via YouTube.
  16. ↑ "A Journey Through Stock Aitken Waterman: Ep 21: A Detour With Harding & Curnow Part 2 on Apple Podcasts". Apple Podcasts. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  17. ↑ "Rick & Lisa - When You Gonna - Dutch Charts". Dutchcharts.nl.
  18. ↑ "Rick & Lisa - When You Gonna". Ultratop.be.
  19. ↑ "YouTube – Rick Astley – Never Gonna Give You Up (1987)". Archived from the original on 12 February 2010. Retrieved 11 February 2010 – via YouTube.
  20. ↑ "A Journey Through Stock Aitken Waterman: Ep 27: Never Gonna Give You Up on Apple Podcasts". Apple Podcasts. Retrieved 5 April 2022.
  21. ↑ "allmusic – Rick Astley – Overview". AllMusic. Retrieved 14 May 2010.
  22. 1 2 3 "Rick Astley – Biography". TalkTalk. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  23. ↑ "YouTube – Rick Astley – Never Gonna Give You Up (live) 1988". Archived from the original on 3 August 2011. Retrieved 17 May 2010 – via YouTube.
  24. ↑ "A Journey Through Stock Aitken Waterman: Ep 29: Learning To Live (Without Your Love) to Turn It Up on Apple Podcasts". Apple Podcasts. Retrieved 9 May 2022.
  25. ↑ "Discography – Whenever You Need Somebody". Rickastley.co.uk. Archived from the original on 13 April 2010. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  26. ↑ "The Ultimate Collection by Rick Astley". iTunes Store. Archived from the original on 10 May 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  27. ↑ "Discography – When I Fall in Love". Rickastley.co.uk. Archived from the original on 19 April 2010. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  28. ↑ "Certified Awards Search". BPI. Archived from the original on 24 September 2009. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  29. ↑ "Singles Chart 12/03/88". Official Charts Company. Archived from the original on 26 May 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  30. ↑ "Ask Rick Astley". Sunday Sun. Archived from the original on 13 September 2012. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  31. ↑ "A Journey Through Stock Aitken Waterman: Ep 36: The Loco-Motion to Turn It Into Love on Apple Podcasts". Apple Podcasts. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  32. 1 2 3 4 5 "A Journey Through Stock Aitken Waterman: Ep 39: Success to S.S. Paparazzi on Apple Podcasts". Apple Podcasts. Retrieved 1 October 2022.
  33. ↑ "Discography -Hold Me in Your Arms". Rickastley.co.uk. Archived from the original on 27 July 2010. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
  34. ↑ "The Eighties Club". Eightiesclub.tripod.com. Archived from the original on 14 July 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  35. ↑ "BMI Million-Airs". Chartts.tripod.com. Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  36. ↑ "Greta singt seinen Song - Rick Astley (55) findet es "fantastisch"" [Greta sings his song - Rick Astley (55) finds it "fantastic"] (in German). Euronews. 18 October 2021. Retrieved 5 January 2023. 1993 hatte sich Rick Astley im Alter von nur 27 Jahren aus der Musikbranche zurückgezogen, um sich ganz dem Familienleben zu widmen und seine 1992 geborene Tochter... aufzuziehen. [In 1993 at the age of just 27, Rick Astley withdrew himself from the music industry to devote his time entirely to family life and raising his daughter... born in 1992.]
  37. 1 2 Agius, Nicola (7 April 2016). "Eighties legend Rick Astley, 50, wows fans – including Amanda Holden – with shock comeback single". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on 7 April 2016. Retrieved 8 April 2016.
  38. ↑ Oakley, Ian (14 May 1999). "Interview 14th May 1999". Fish-TheCompany.Com: Official Site. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  39. ↑ Everson, Duncan (12 September 2014). "Interview with Fish (Vocals) (Fish, Former Marillion)". Myglobalmind Webzine. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2015.
  40. ↑ Astley, Rick. "Vincent (Live)" (video). Archived from the original on 8 February 2014. Retrieved 22 December 2015 – via YouTube.
  41. ↑ "Madonna celebrates chart double". BBC News. 4 May 2008. Archived from the original on 7 May 2008. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
  42. ↑ Bestactever.com 10 October 2008 Archived 14 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved 12 October 2008.
  43. ↑ "US stars scoop MTV Europe awards". BBC News. 7 November 2008. Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
  44. ↑ "The 2009 Time 100". Time. 30 April 2009. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
  45. ↑ "Rick Astley Returns With Peter Kay". Fame Magazine. 28 April 2010. Archived from the original on 21 February 2016.
  46. ↑ "Rick Astley's Summer Soundtrack". Magic FM 105.7.
  47. ↑ Halliday, Josh (5 July 2010). "Rick Astley to host Magic 105.4 Sunday show". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
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