Rudy Hartono Kurniawan
Hartono in 1980
Personal information
Birth nameNio Hap Liang
梁海量[1]
CountryIndonesia
Born (1949-08-18) 18 August 1949
Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia[1]
Height1.82 m (6 ft 0 in)
HandednessRight
EventMen's singles
Men's doubles
Mixed doubles
Medal record
Men's badminton
Representing  Indonesia
World Championships
Gold medal – first place 1980 Jakarta Men's singles
Thomas Cup
Gold medal – first place 1970 Kuala Lumpur Men's team
Gold medal – first place 1973 Jakarta Men's team
Gold medal – first place 1976 Bangkok Men's team
Gold medal – first place 1979 Jakarta Men's team
Silver medal – second place 1967 Jakarta Men's team
Silver medal – second place 1982 London Men's team
Asian Games
Gold medal – first place 1970 Bangkok Men's team
Bronze medal – third place 1970 Bangkok Men's doubles
Bronze medal – third place 1970 Bangkok Mixed doubles
Asian Championships
Gold medal – first place 1971 Jakarta Men's team

Rudy Hartono Kurniawan (born Nio Hap Liang (Chinese: 梁海量; pinyin: Liáng Hǎiliàng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Niô͘ Hái-liâng);[2] 18 August 1949) is an Indonesian former badminton player holding the record of winning the men's singles title at the All-England Championship eight times,[3] including seven times consecutively from 1968 to 1974.[4] He won the World Championship in 1980 on his only attempt at this title. He is one of the most famous players in the history of the sport and is considered to be one of the greatest badminton players of all time.[5][6]

Early life

Hartono was born on 18 August 1949 as Nio Hap Liang in Surabaya. He is the son of Zulkarnain Kurniawan and the third child of eight siblings in the family.[7] His sister Utami Dewi is a five-time national badminton champion and former Indonesia Uber Cup team member.[2] The family lived in Jalan Basuki Rachmat and owned tailoring and dairy farming businesses.[7] The young Hartono embraced many types of sports, including athletics, swimming, volleyball, football, and roller skating, but his athletic path soon led him towards badminton.[2]

At age 11, Hartono started formal badminton training under the tutelage of his father. He would train for almost the entire day in a small badminton club set up by his father in a railway station warehouse.[7] In 1961, he entered his first tournament at the Surabaya's junior championship when he was 12 and won.[8] After leaving his father's club, Hartono would later play for the much bigger Rajawali Club where many good Indonesian badminton players were trained. At age 15, he won the national junior championship.[2][8] While competing in municipal tournaments, the teenage Hartono soon caught the eye of the national scouts and was drafted into the National Training Center in late 1965 to help the national team in the upcoming Thomas Cup.[1][9]

Badminton career

As a member of the 1967 Thomas Cup squad, Hartono won all of his matches, but Indonesia was beaten by Malaysia in a highly controversial final in which play was suspended due to the unruly crowd. Both teams were later offered a chance to resume their clash in New Zealand but Indonesia declined, thus handing Malaysia the cup.[10]

A year later, on his first try at the All England Championships, the 18-year-old Hartono became the youngest ever champion of the tournament, beating Tan Aik Huang from Malaysia who had been the winner two years earlier.[11] From then on, he dominated the event like very few had before, winning seven titles consecutively from 1968 to 1974.[4] In 1975, in search of his eighth consecutive title and the chance to break Erland Kops’s record of seven, Hartono would once again face the challenge of his archrival, Svend Pri, who he had beaten before in the 1970 and 1972 finals, but this time he was not able to fend off the Dane’s attack and fell to a 11–15, 14–17 defeat.[12] Hartono, however, came back the following year to win his eighth title against his compatriot Liem Swie King thus becoming the most successful men’s singles player in the history of the tournament.[8] His eight titles at the All England also earned Hartono a mention in the Guinness Book of Records.[6] In 1978, Hartono would return to try his hand for a ninth title, but he could not overcome Liem Swie King and lost 10–15, 3–15 in the final.[13] He attempted another comeback in 1981, but lost in the semi-finals to Prakash Padukone in a three sets battle, 15–10, 7–15, 8–15.[14]

Besides his All England success, Hartono won many international open titles throughout his career. In 1969, he won the Canadian[15] and the US Open[16] titles after defeating Sture Johnsson and his compatriot Muljadi in the respective finals. In the same year, he also won both the Singapore Open men's singles and doubles titles. He defeated Muljadi in the singles final and partnered with Indratno to beat Lee Wah Chin and Yeo Ah Seng in the doubles final.[17] In 1971, he won his second Canadian Open title[18] and clinched his first Denmark Open title[19] after defeating Ippei Kojima on both occasions. He also competed in the Western Indian Championship that year and won a hat trick of titles, beating Muljadi in the men's singles final, partnered with Indra Gunawan to beat Muljadi and Sumiratta in the men's doubles final and partnered with Rafla Latif to beat Indra Gunawan and Sunila Ape in the mixed doubles final.[20] In 1973 and 1975, Hartono won his second and third Denmark Open titles after beating Flemming Delfs and Svend Pri respectively.[21][22] In 1981, he would win his maiden Japan Open title after beating his compatriot Lius Pongoh in the final.[23]

Hartono also had some success in major games. At the 1970 Asian Games held in Bangkok, he won gold in the men's team event[24] and two bronze in the men's doubles and mixed doubles events.[25] In 1971, he would win another gold at the Asian Championships where Indonesia defeated Malaysia in the men's team final.[26] In the 1972 Munich Games in which badminton was presented as a demonstration sport, Hartono won the men’s singles event, after beating Jamie Paulson of Canada in the first round, Sture Johnsson of Sweden in the semi-finals, and Svend Pri of Denmark in the final.[27] In his attempt to win an 'official' world championships, Hartono participated in the 1980 IBF World Championships held in Jakarta and managed to reach the final where he would meet his successor Liem Swie King. In a final that lacked intensity, Hartono prevailed in two straight games with the score of 15–9, 15–9.[28]

Since his debut in 1967, Hartono remained active in the Thomas Cup competition and continued to play for his country at the event from 1970 to 1982. The 1970,[29] 1973,[30] 1976,[31] and 1979[32] Thomas Cup would turn out to be a resounding success for Hartono and his team, with Indonesia sweeping four straight titles. At the 1982 Thomas Cup Finals, the aging Hartono once again answered the call of his nation but his play was not on par with his previous performances and he was not able to help his team to prevent China from winning their first ever Thomas Cup title.[6] Hartono’s defeat in the third singles to Luan Jin was only his second defeat in the competition[33] with the first coming in 1973 when he lost against his long-time nemesis Svend Pri.[34][35] After the competition, Hartono announced his retirement, saying "I believe I have to retire now... Actually, I was already retired. But this was the Thomas Cup and my country needed me and because I live in Indonesia and I love Indonesia, I must do what they ask."[33]

Post-retirement

Hartono became involved with the Indonesian Badminton Association (PBSI), holding different positions such as Chairman of Development Affairs until 2006. He is currently a member of PBSI’s Board of Honour. Hartono also played an active role within the Badminton World Federation (BWF). He was a member of the Council in 1985-1986, and later from 1994 to 2009. Hartono’s image and reputation led the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to appoint him as a Goodwill Ambassador for Indonesia.[6]

Hartono who attended the Economics Faculty of Trisakti University, Jakarta, also began to expand his business after his retirement. He ventured into dairy business in Sukabumi and also the sports equipment business by acting as an agent for brands such as Mikasa, Ascot and Yonex. Then through PT Havilah Citra Footwear founded in 1996, he imported various kinds of sportswear.[36]

Personal life

Hartono married Jane Anwar in 1976[37] and they have two children, a son (Christopher) and a daughter (Christine).[7]

In the late 70s and early 80s, age began to catch up to Hartono and he started losing matches. This resulted in his depression. He credits a preacher for his "conversion experience" to Christianity during his mid-30s. Later, the death of Svend Pri in 1983 prompted Hartono to preach about Jesus to others.[7][38] In 1988, Hartono had coronary bypass surgery in Australia.[39] Since 1989, Hartono has been extremely active with his church ministry. In 2001, Hartono became associate pastor of Bethel Church in Jakarta, Indonesia.[7]

A film lover, Hartono once starred in an Indonesian movie titled "Matinja Seorang Bidadari" (Death of An Angel) in 1971.[40]

Hartono also had a wax sculpture in his likeness at the Madame Tussauds museum in Singapore.[41]

Honours and awards

Achievements

Olympic Games (demonstration)

Men's singles

Year Venue Opponent Score Result Ref
1972 Munich, West Germany Denmark Svend Pri 15–6, 15–1 Gold [27]

World Championships

Men's singles

Year Venue Opponent Score Result Ref
1980 Istora Senayan, Jakarta, Indonesia Indonesia Liem Swie King 15–9, 15–9 Gold Gold [28]

Asian Games

Men's doubles

Year Venue Partner Opponent Score Result Ref
1970 Kittikachorn Stadium, Bangkok, Thailand Indonesia Indra Gunawan Malaysia Punch Gunalan
Malaysia Ng Boon Bee		 12–15, 15–10, 10–15 Bronze Bronze [25]

Mixed doubles

Year Venue Partner Opponent Score Result Ref
1970 Kittikachorn Stadium, Bangkok, Thailand Indonesia Minarni Thailand Bandid Jaiyen
Thailand Achara Pattabongs		 Walkover Bronze Bronze [25]

International Open Tournaments (25 titles, 8 runners-up)

Men's singles

Year Tournament Opponent Score Result Ref
1968 All England Open Malaysia Tan Aik Huang 15–12, 15–9 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [11]
1968 Singapore Pesta Indonesia Darmadi 9–15, 15–7, 10–15 2nd place, silver medalist(s) Runner-up [47]
1968 Northern Indian Indonesia Muljadi 15–2, 15–10 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [48]
1968 Western Indian Indonesia Darmadi 17–14, 18–14 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [49]
1969 All England Open Indonesia Darmadi 15–1, 15–3 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [50]
1969 U.S. Open Indonesia Muljadi 15–9, 15–12 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [16]
1969 Canadian Open Sweden Sture Johnsson 15–11, 15–1 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [15]
1969 Singapore Open Indonesia Muljadi 15–7, 15–4 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [17]
1970 All England Open Denmark Svend Pri 15–7, 15–1 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [51]
1971 Western Indian Indonesia Muljadi 15–11, 15–12 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [20]
1971 Denmark Open Japan Ippei Kojima 14–18, 15–14, 15–11 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [19]
1971 All England Open Indonesia Muljadi 15–1, 15–5 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [52]
1971 Canadian Open Japan Ippei Kojima 15–7, 15–2 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [18]
1971 U.S. Open Indonesia Muljadi 8–15, 9–15 2nd place, silver medalist(s) Runner-up [53]
1972 All England Open Denmark Svend Pri 15–9, 15–4 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [54]
1972 Jakarta Open Indonesia Iie Sumirat 15–4, 15–5 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [55]
1973 All England Open Indonesia Christian Hadinata 15–4, 15–2 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [56]
1973 Denmark Open Denmark Flemming Delfs 17–14, 15–12 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [21]
1974 All England Open Malaysia Punch Gunalan 8–15, 15–9, 15–10 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [4]
1975 All England Open Denmark Svend Pri 11–15, 14–17 2nd place, silver medalist(s) Runner-up [12]
1975 Denmark Open Denmark Svend Pri 12–15, 15–0, 15–7 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [22]
1976 All England Open Indonesia Liem Swie King 15–7, 15–7 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [3]
1978 All England Open Indonesia Liem Swie King 10–15, 3–15 2nd place, silver medalist(s) Runner-up [13]
1980 English Masters Indonesia Liem Swie King 11–15, 3–15 2nd place, silver medalist(s) Runner-up [57]
1980 Swedish Open India Prakash Padukone 15–9, 12–15, 1–15 2nd place, silver medalist(s) Runner-up [58]
1981 Japan Open Indonesia Lius Pongoh 15–9, 15–8 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [23]

Men's doubles

Year Tournament Partner Opponent Score Result Ref
1968 Northern Indian Indonesia Indratno Malaysia Punch Gunalan
Malaysia Tan Yee Khan		 3–15, 15–6, 15–7 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [48]
1968 Western Indian Indonesia Indratno Malaysia Ng Boon Bee
Malaysia Tan Yee Khan		 15–10, 15–10 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [49]
1969 Singapore Open Indonesia Indratno Singapore Lee Wah Chin
Singapore Yeo Ah Seng		 15–4, 15–6 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [17]
1971 Western Indian Indonesia Indra Gunawan Indonesia Muljadi
Indonesia Sumiratta		 18–13, 15–12 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [20]
1971 Denmark Open Indonesia Indra Gunawan Malaysia Punch Gunalan
Malaysia Ng Boon Bee		 15–11, 4–15, 8–15 2nd place, silver medalist(s) Runner-up [59]
1971 All England Open Indonesia Indra Gunawan Malaysia Punch Gunalan
Malaysia Ng Boon Bee		 5–15, 3–15 2nd place, silver medalist(s) Runner-up [52]

Mixed doubles

Year Tournament Partner Opponent Score Result Ref
1971 Western Indian India Rafla Latif Indonesia Indra Gunawan
India Sunila Ape		 15–12, 15–13 1st place, gold medalist(s) Winner [20]

Invitational Tournament (1 title)

Men's singles

Year Tournament Opponent Score Result Ref
1972 World Invitational Championships Denmark Svend Pri 15–5, 15–2 Gold Gold [60]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "60 Years of Asian Heroes: Rudy Hartono". TIME Magazine. 13 November 2006. Archived from the original on 12 January 2007. Retrieved 26 March 2008.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Suryadinata, Leo (2012). Southeast Asian Personalities of Chinese Descent: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume I & II. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 455–7. ISBN 978-981-4345-21-7.
  3. 1 2 "Eight-Win Record By The Maestro". The Straits Times. 29 March 1976. p. 24. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  4. 1 2 3 "Punch fails and Rudy makes it 7-in-a-row". The Straits Times. 24 March 1974. p. 22. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  5. ↑ "I'd still rule badminton today if I were in my prime, says Hartono". The New Paper. 30 September 2015. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Rudy Hartono". Badminton World Federation. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Change of court for Rudy Hartono". The Star. 24 October 2004. Archived from the original on 21 February 2013. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
  8. 1 2 3 "His success story..." The Straits Times. 19 September 1976. p. 24. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  9. ↑ "Profil Rudy Hartono". Merdeka.com. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  10. ↑ "How Thomas Cup champs escaped Indonesian supporters' wrath". Free Malaysia Today. 2 September 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  11. 1 2 "'I was off form' - Aik Huang". Eastern Sun. 25 March 1968. p. 16. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  12. 1 2 "Svend Pri ends Rudy Hartono's reign". The Straits Times. 23 March 1975. p. 22. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  13. 1 2 "Hartono bows out to Liem". The Straits Times. 19 March 1978. p. 1. Retrieved 16 June 2022.
  14. ↑ "Indian star is set to prove last year's win was no fluke". The Straits Times. 30 March 1981. p. 28. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  15. 1 2 "Canadian Title To Hartono". Eastern Sun. 1 April 1969. p. 12. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  16. 1 2 "Boon Bee and Gunalan win US title, Singles Crown To Hartono". The Straits Times. 7 April 1969. p. 20. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  17. 1 2 3 "Hartono, 1st Indon To Win S'pore Title". Eastern Sun. 3 November 1969. p. 10. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  18. 1 2 "Hartono again!". New Nation. 5 April 1971. p. 14. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  19. 1 2 "Hartono Fights Back to Clinch Singles Title". Eastern Sun. 20 March 1971. p. 23. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  20. 1 2 3 4 "A Hat-Trick By Hartono". Eastern Sun. 2 March 1971. p. 21. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  21. 1 2 "Danish title to Hartono". New Nation. 16 March 1973. p. 17. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  22. 1 2 "Hartono beats Pri in final". New Nation. 12 March 1975. p. 18. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  23. 1 2 "Hartono wins Open, ... now for All-England". The Straits Times. 26 January 1981. p. 32. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  24. ↑ "Indonesia wins badminton gold". Eastern Sun. 15 December 1970. p. 23. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  25. 1 2 3 "Hartono tells of his aim in All-England". The Straits Times. 27 December 1970. p. 19. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  26. ↑ "Indons and Malaysia in badminton final". The Straits Times. 16 August 1971. p. 29. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  27. 1 2 "Hartono beats Svend Pri in two sets". The Straits Times. 6 September 1972. p. 26. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  28. 1 2 "Hartono makes Liem look like little boy lost". The Straits Times. 1 June 1980. p. 26. Retrieved 17 June 2022.
  29. ↑ "Indons regain Cup". The Straits Times. 7 June 1970. p. 24. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  30. ↑ "Indonesia keeps Thomas Cup". The Straits Times. 4 June 1973. p. 1. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
  31. ↑ "Indonesia win 9-0 to retain Cup". The Straits Times. 6 June 1976. p. 1. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  32. ↑ "Indonesians show they are still tops". The Business Times. 4 June 1979. p. 11. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  33. 1 2 "Hartono says it's the 'end'". The Straits Times. 23 May 1982. p. 29. Retrieved 18 June 2022.
  34. ↑ "Is Hartono on the decline?". New Nation. 5 June 1973. p. 14. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  35. ↑ "By Svend Pri". The Straits Times. 5 June 1973. p. 25. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  36. ↑ "Library Binus (in Indonesian)". BINUS University. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  37. ↑ "Champ Rudy Takes A Bride". The Straits Times. 31 August 1976. p. 1. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  38. ↑ "When Indonesia's Rudy Hartono ruled the badminton world". The Indian Express. 25 November 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  39. ↑ "Hartono to undergo heart surgery". The Straits Times. 3 August 1988. p. 1. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  40. ↑ "Hartono as film 'hero'". New Nation. 21 July 1971. p. 1. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  41. ↑ "Rudy Hartono Immortalized in Wax at Madame Tussauds in Singapore". Yonex.com. 23 December 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  42. ↑ "Rudy Hartono". Tokoh Indonesia. 2 June 2005. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  43. ↑ "World Fair Play Award Winners". Fairplayinternational.org. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  44. ↑ "Fair play award for Rudy". The Straits Times. 16 December 1988. p. 45. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  45. ↑ "Beyond The 70th Independence Anniversary: Badminton - Awaiting the return of a glorious era". The Jakarta Post. 11 August 2015. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  46. ↑ "Pebulu Tangkis Legendaris Indonesia (in Indonesian)". Kompaspedia. 31 July 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
  47. ↑ "Pesta Champ". Eastern Sun. 6 May 1968. p. 15. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  48. 1 2 "Hartono johan India Utara pula (in Malay)". Berita Harian. 17 November 1968. p. 12. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  49. 1 2 "Hartono captures Indian title". Eastern Sun. 8 November 1968. p. 15. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  50. ↑ "Hartono Retains Title". Eastern Sun. 23 March 1969. p. 1. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  51. ↑ "Hartono Retains Title". Eastern Sun. 23 March 1970. p. 11. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  52. 1 2 "Doubles to Boon Bee and Gunalan". The Straits Times. 28 March 1971. p. 28. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  53. ↑ "World Champ Beaten". Singapore Herald. 16 April 1971. p. 24. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  54. ↑ "Rudy thrashes Pri to equal record". The Straits Times. 26 March 1972. p. 30. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  55. ↑ "Indons Sweep Jakarta Titles". The Straits Times. 28 May 1972. p. 30. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  56. ↑ "Rudy is a hero". New Nation. 26 March 1973. p. 14. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  57. ↑ "Hartono's problem". The Straits Times. 29 September 1980. p. 28. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  58. ↑ "Padukone defeats Hartono in final". The Straits Times. 15 March 1980. p. 30. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  59. ↑ "Kejayaan Gunalan dan Boon Bee di-alu2kan (in Malay)". Berita Harian. 21 March 1971. p. 14. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
  60. ↑ "Hartono is World champ". New Nation. 16 November 1972. p. 15. Retrieved 10 September 2022.
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