Ruth Orkin
Born(1921-09-03)September 3, 1921
Boston, Massachusetts
DiedJanuary 16, 1985(1985-01-16) (aged 63)
New York City
NationalityAmerican
EducationPhotojournalism at Los Angeles City College
Known forPhotography, filmmaking
Notable workAmerican Girl in Italy (1951), Little Fugitive (1952), Lovers and Lollipops (1955)
SpouseMorris Engel
WebsiteRuth Orkin Photo Archive

Ruth Orkin (September 3, 1921 – January 16, 1985) was an American photographer, photojournalist, and filmmaker, with ties to New York City and Hollywood. Best known for her photograph An American Girl in Italy (1951), she photographed many celebrities and personalities including Lauren Bacall, Doris Day, Ava Gardner, Tennessee Williams, Marlon Brando, and Alfred Hitchcock.[1]

Life

Orkin's An American Girl in Italy

Ruth Orkin was born on September 3, 1921, in Boston, Massachusetts, to Mary Ruby and Samuel Orkin.[2] Ruth grew up in Hollywood, due to her mother's career as a silent film actress.[3] In 1931, she received her first camera, a 39-cent Univex, and soon began experimenting by taking photographs of her friends and teachers at school.[4] At the age of 17, she decided to bike across America, beginning in Los Angeles, and ending in New York City for the 1939 World's Fair. She completed the trip in three weeks' time, taking photographs along the way.[5]

She briefly attended Los Angeles City College for photojournalism in 1940,[6] prior to becoming the first messenger girl at MGM Studios in 1941, citing a desire to become a cinematographer. She left the position after discovering the union's discriminatory practices that did not allow female members.[7][8] She joined the Women's Auxiliary Army Corps during World War II, in 1941[3] in an attempt to gain filmmaking skills, as advertisements promoting the group promised. The attempt was not fruitful, however, and she was discharged in 1943 without any filmmaking training.[6]

Photography

In 1943, Orkin moved to New York City in pursuit of a career as a freelance photojournalist. She began working as a nightclub photographer. She photographed Leonard Bernstein in 1947 for The New York Times.[9] Shortly after, her freelance career grew as she traveled internationally on assignments and contributed photographs to Life, Look,[10] Ladies' Home Journal, and others.[9] Orkin is credited with breaking into a heavily male field.

Orkin's most celebrated image is An American Girl in Italy (1951).[9] The subject of the now-iconic photograph was the 23-year-old Ninalee Craig (known at that time as Jinx Allen).[3] The photograph was part of a series originally titled "Don't Be Afraid to Travel Alone."[2] The image depicted Craig as a young woman confidently walking past a group of ogling Italian men in Florence. In recent articles written about the pair, Craig claims that the image was not staged, and was one of many taken throughout the day, aiming to show the fun of traveling alone.[11][12]

Attendees of a Ruth Orkin Retrospective in 2012

Filmmaking

In 1952 Orkin married photographer, filmmaker and fellow Photo League member Morris Engel. Orkin and Engel collaborated on two major independent feature films, "Little Fugitive" (1953) and "Lovers and Lollipops" (1955).[7] After the success of the two films, Orkin returned to photography, taking color shots of Central Park as seen through her apartment window. The resulting photographs were collected in two books, "A World Through My Window" (1978) and "More Pictures from My Window" (1983).[7]

Teaching

Orkin taught photography at the School of Visual Arts in the late 1970s, and at the International Center of Photography in 1980.[1]

Personal life

She and husband Morris Engel had two children: Andy and Mary Engel. After a long, private battle with cancer, Orkin died of the disease at her New York City apartment on January 16, 1985.[7]

Awards[13]

Photography

  • 3rd Prize Winner, LIFE Magazine's Young Photographer's Contest, 1951
  • One of Top Ten Women Photographers in the U.S., Professional Photographers of America, 1959
  • 1st Annual Manhattan Cultural Award, Photography, 1980

Other

  • Certificate of Merit, Municipal Art Society of New York, 1984

Exhibits

  • Ruth Orkin: Retrospective. Lumier Brothers Center of Photography, Moscow. January, 2012
  • Ruth Orkin + Morris Engel, Fondazione Stelline, Milan, 06/26/2014 - 08/03/2014
  • Retrospective, Fotografiska, New York, 2021
  • Ruth Orkin, Museo Civico di Bassano, Bassano del Grappo, Italy. 2022
  • Mostra Ruth Orkin, una nuova scoperta. Musei Reali, Turin. March 17-July 16, 2023

Bibliography, filmography

Books

  • The World Through My Window, Harper and Row, 1978 ISBN 9780060132934
  • A Photo Journal: Ruth Orkin, The Viking Press, 1981 ISBN 9780670552528
  • More Pictures from My Window, Rizzoli, 1983 ISBN 9780847804764

Films

  • The Little Fugitive, 1953
    • Editor, Co-director and Co-writer
    • Academy Award Nomination, Best Original Screenplay
    • Silver Lion, Venice Film Festival
  • Lovers and Lollipops, 1955
    • Editor, Co-producer, Co-director and Co-writer
    • The film served as inspiration for Carol (film), according to Director Todd Haynes[14]

References

  1. 1 2 "Career". Ruth Orkin Photo Archive. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  2. 1 2 "Biography". Ruth Orkin Photo Archive. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  3. 1 2 3 Fondiller, Henry V. (May 1985). "Ruth Orkin, 1921-1985". Popular Photography. 92 (5): 156. Retrieved 24 May 2023.
  4. ↑ "Biography". Ruth Orkin Photo Archive. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  5. ↑ "Style of Sport features Ruth's Bicycle Trip from 1939". www.orkinphoto.com. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  6. 1 2 Svendsgaard, Lisabeth G. (n.d.). "Ruth Orkin". American National Biography Online. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Grundberg, Andy (1985-01-17). "RUTH ORKIN, PHOTOJOURNALIST AND FILM MAKER, DEAD AT 63". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  8. ↑ "30 By 30: Patt Blue / Ruth Orkin | Professional Women Photographers Blog". www.pwponline.org. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  9. 1 2 3 Morgan, Ann Lee (2007). The Oxford Dictionary of American Art and Artists. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195373219.
  10. ↑ Koszarski, Richard (2021). "Keep 'Em in the East": Kazan, Kubrick, and the Postwar New York Film Renaissance. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 336.
  11. ↑ Coffey, LT (August 18, 2011). "At 83, subject of 'American Girl in Italy' photo speaks out". New York: MSNBC. Archived from the original on September 26, 2011. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
  12. ↑ Krumboltz, M (August 19, 2011). "American girl in Italy: 60 years later". The Lookout. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
  13. ↑ "Career". Ruth Orkin Photo Archive. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
  14. ↑ "Awards Feature: Director Todd Haynes Finds Inspiration for 'Carol' in Obscure Docudrama's "Lost Language of Femininity" | SSN Insider". www.ssninsider.com. Retrieved 2016-03-05.
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