Sanatruq II
King (malkā)
Statue of Sanatruq I or Sanatruq II, king of Hatra, Iraq Museum.
Tenurec. 205 – April 241 AD
PredecessorAbdsamiya
HeirAbdsamiya II
BornHatra
Died241 AD
Hatra
QueenAbbu?
Issue
  • Abdsamiya (son)
  • Mana (son)
  • Duspari (daughter)
  • Samay (daughter)
  • al-Nadirah (daughter, per tradition)
Posthumous name
FatherAbdsamiya

Sanatruq II (Hatran Aramaic: 𐣮𐣭𐣨𐣣𐣥𐣲 snṭrwq) was the last king of Hatra (an ancient city in nowadays Iraq), ruling from about AD 205 to 240/41. He was the son of king Abdsamiya and is attested by nine inscriptions discovered at Hatra. Only two of these inscription bear year datings, both are hard to read.(perhaps 231 and 237/38)[2] Sanatruq II appears in Syrian sources as Sanatru and in Arab sources as Daizian and Satirun. One of his inscriptions was found on a statue showing him standing. His wife was perhaps Abbu. There are two sons known. Abdsamiya was named after his grandfather. He was his heir. Another son, Mana is attested in year 235 and seems to have had Arabia of Wal under his control, a region southeast of Edessa. From the latter evidence it seems that Sanatruq II expanded his territory.[3] The daughter Duspari is known from a statue, dated to year 549 (= AD 238). A second statue belongs to her daughter Samay.[4]

Under Sanatruq II Hatra became a vassal of the Romans. Around AD 226/227 the Sassanians attacked the city without success, but was finally conquered and destroyed by the Sassanians, perhaps around AD 240/41.[5]

See also

Literature

  • Michael Sommer: Hatra. Geschichte und Kultur einer Karawanenstadt im römisch-parthischen Mesopotamien. von Zabern, Mainz 2003, ISBN 3-8053-3252-1, p. 24.
  • Maurice Sartre: The Middle East under the Romans, 2005 ISBN 978-0-674-01683-5, p. 346

References

  1. ↑ "ضیزن" in Dehkhoda Dictionary
  2. ↑ Maurice Sartre: The Middle East under the Romans, 346
  3. ↑ Maurice Sartre: The Middle East under the Romans, 346
  4. ↑ H. E. Mathiesen: Sculpture in the Parthian Empire. Aarhus University Press, Aarhus 1992, ISBN 87-7288-311-1, p. 205-206, 211
  5. ↑ Hatra, on Iranica.com
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