Shanxi clique
晉系
Active1911–1937
Disbanded1949
Country Republic of China
Allegiance Beiyang government
Nationalist government (1927–1929; 1930–1949)
TypeWarlord clique
EngagementsBai Lang Rebellion
Northern Expedition
Central Plains War
Battle of Taiyuan
Commanders
WarlordYan Xishan

The Shanxi clique, also known as the Jin clique (Jin being the abbreviated name of Shanxi; Chinese: 晉系; pinyin: Jìn Xì), was one of several military factions that split off from the Beiyang Army during China's warlord era.

Yan Xishan's soldiers in Liaozhou (now Zuoquan County) in 1925 during the war with Henan warlord Fan Zhongxiu.

Though a close associate of Duan Qirui, Shanxi's military governor, Yan Xishan, did not join Duan's Anhui clique. He kept his province neutral from the various civil wars the nation was facing, although he would fight troops from other cliques if they encroached upon the provincial boundaries. In 1927, faced with the overwhelming forces of the National Revolutionary Army, the Fengtian clique issued an ultimatum to Yan to join their side. Yan joined the NRA instead, and drove Fengtian armies from Beijing. As a reward, the Kuomintang allowed the Shanxi clique to expand all the way to the sea at Hebei and Shandong.[1] Displeased with the dictatorship of Chiang Kai-shek, the Shanxi clique together with several other cliques launched the Central Plains War, but was defeated. The clique was significantly weakened by the Japanese invasion which occupied most of their base province. After the war, Yan was unable to defend his province, which fell to the Communists in 1949.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Ke-wen Wang (1998). Modern China: an encyclopedia of history, culture, and nationalism. Taylor & Francis. pp. 399. ISBN 978-0-8153-0720-4.
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