Shilongba Hydropower Station
石龙坝水电站
CountryChina
Locationon the upper reaches of the Tanglang River[1]
PurposePower
Opening dateJuly 1910

The Shilongba Hydropower Station (Chinese: 石龙坝水电站), also called as Shilongba Dam,[2] is the first hydropower station in Mainland China.[3][4] "Shilongba" refers to "Stone Dragon Dam".[5] The plant is located upstream of the Tanglang River in Haikou Town, Xishan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province.[6]

At present, the hydropower station is still operating normally, and the more than 20 million kWh of electricity that it keeps producing each year is still being delivered to parts of China.[7]

History

In 1908 (Qing Dynasty, Year 34 of Guangxu), wealthy Yunnan merchant Wang Xiaozhai (王筱斋), also known as Wang Hongtu (王鸿图),[8] took the lead in recruiting commercial stocks to prepare for the construction of the plant.[9]

In July 1910, the construction of the plant began,[10] with a total installed capacity of 480 kilowatts, and on the evening of May 28, 1912, the hydropower station officially generated electricity, using 22kV transmission lines to supply power to Kunming, which was 32 kilometers away from the power station.[11]

During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese Air Force bombed the Shilongba Hydropower Station four times from 1939 to 1941, but still failed to destroy the power supply.[12]

Since 2002, four small fertilizer and chemical plants located upstream of the Shilongba Hydropower Station have discharged excessive sewage into the Tanglang River, causing serious corrosion of the station's equipment and forcing it to shut down on 14 October 2003[13] and resume power generation on December 10, 2003. [14]

Media coverage

In January 1927, the first issue of the seventh volume of the German Siemens Magazine published an article titled "Yunnan-Fu, China's First Hydropower Station", specifically evaluating Shilongba Hydropower Station. [15] The article said, "In the remote hinterland of this country, in places far away from world trends and cultural isolation, there have also been those who have transplanted the achievements of Western technology onto their own soil, as some of the brilliant intellectuals and people who dare to pioneer in related parties have done this".[16]

References

  1. ↑ Jin Chen (7 June 2019). Evolution and Water Resources Utilization of the Yangtze River. Springer. pp. 302–. ISBN 9789811378720.
  2. ↑ Jean-Marc Blanchard; Kun-Chin Lin (29 October 2016). Governance, Domestic Change, and Social Policy in China: 100 Years after the Xinhai Revolution. Springer. pp. 186–. ISBN 978-1-137-02285-1.
  3. ↑ Ghosh, Arunabh (2023). "Multiple makings at China's first hydroelectric power station at Shilongba, 1908–1912". History and Technology. 38 (2–3): 167–185. doi:10.1080/07341512.2022.2112295. ISSN 0734-1512. S2CID 252508871.
  4. ↑ Baorong Hou (26 September 2019). The Cost of Corrosion in China. Springer Nature. pp. 457–. ISBN 978-981-329-354-0.
  5. ↑ "New energy geographics: Powershed politics and hydropower decision making in Yunnan, China". ResearchGate. January 22, 2006.
  6. ↑ Christopher M. Dent (27 November 2014). Renewable Energy in East Asia: Towards a New Developmentalism. Routledge. pp. 213–. ISBN 978-1-317-61442-5.
  7. ↑ "Shilongba Hydropower Station is still operating normally". People's Daily. Dec 2, 2018.
  8. ↑ China Time-honored Brand. Higher Education Press. 1998. pp. 331–. ISBN 9787040066333.
  9. ↑ China Water Resources Encyclopedia. China Water Conservancy & Electric Power Publishing House. 1991.
  10. ↑ Armelle Guizot (15 December 2007). Chinese Energy Markets: Trading and Risk Management of Commodities and Renewables. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-55420-7.
  11. ↑ "Shilongba Hydropower Station turns 100 years old". Xinhuanet.com. 2018-03-14. Retrieved November 23, 2016.
  12. ↑ "The sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units selected nine industrial heritage". Sina. May 9, 2006.
  13. ↑ "Pollution is shocking, China's first hydropower station equipment suffers severe corrosion". Sina. 2003-11-14.
  14. ↑ "Yunnan provincial and municipal environmental protection departments conducted on-site investigations into complaints of contamination of power generation equipment at Shilongba Hydropower Station". sthjt.yn.gov.cn. December 31, 2003.
  15. ↑ Kunming City History. People's Publishing House. 1997. ISBN 978-7-01-003398-3.
  16. ↑ Yang Tianhong (2002). Port Opening and Social Change: Modern China's Study of Self-opening Ports and Harbors. Zhonghua Book. pp. 316–. ISBN 978-7-101-03148-5.


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