Sophie Berthelot
Born
Sophie Caroline Niaudet

(1837-02-17)February 17, 1837
Nantes, France
DiedMarch 18, 1907(1907-03-18) (aged 70)
Paris, France
Resting placePanthéon
Known forFirst woman interred at the Panthéon
SpouseMarcellin Berthelot (m. 1861–1907)
ChildrenAndré Berthelot
Philippe Berthelot
RelativesLouis-François-Clement Breguet (uncle)

Sophie Caroline Berthelot (née Niaudet; February 17, 1837 – March 18, 1907)[1] became the first woman to be interred in the Panthéon, alongside her husband Marcellin Berthelot. She was the only woman interred in the Panthéon until Marie Curie almost a century later in 1995.[2][3]

Biography

Berthelot was born on February 17, 1837, in Nantes. She was the niece of Louis-François-Clement Breguet and received a strict Calvinist education from her mother in the tradition of the Breguet family. She married the chemist and politician Marcellin Berthelot on May 10, 1861.[4] Her husband "lived in complete and happy union with his wife."[5] The couple had four sons and two daughters, including the politician and historian André Berthelot (1862–1938), the scholar Daniel Berthelot (1865–1927), the diplomat Philippe Berthelot (1866–1934) and the philosopher René Berthelot (1872–1960).[6]

Tomb of Marcellin and Sophie Berthelot in the Panthéon

Sophie Berthelot died of heart disease in Paris on March 18, 1907, mere hours before her husband's death.[7] Acceding to the family's wishes and "in homage to her conjugal virtue," the French government passed a special law to permit Sophie Berthelot to be interred alongside her famous husband in the Panthéon.[8] They had a joint state funeral and were buried in the same tomb.[4] A school in Calais is named in her honor.[9]

References

  1. ↑ Acte de mariage du 10 mai 1861, Paris. "Généalogie détaillée". Généa-Banque de France..
  2. ↑ Kraft, Scott (1995-04-21). "France Entombs Madame Curie Among the 'Great Men' : Europe: Nobel Prize-winning scientist who faced sexism in life is placed in Pantheon with her husband, Pierre". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
  3. ↑ "Pierre-Eugène-Marcellin Berthelot | French chemist". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
  4. 1 2 Ashdown, Avery A. (1927). "Marcellin Berthelot". Journal of Chemical Education. 4 (10): 1217. doi:10.1021/ed004p1217. ISSN 0021-9584.
  5. ↑ Armstrong, Henry Edward (1927). "MARCELLIN BERTHELOT AND SYNTHETIC CHEMISTRY. A Study and an Interpretation. 1827 (Oct. 25) — 1907 (March 18)". Journal of the Royal Society of Arts. 76 (3919): 145–171. ISSN 0035-9114. JSTOR 41357867.
  6. ↑ Dictionnaire du monde religieux dans la France contemporaine. 9, Les Sciences religieuses : le XIXe siècle : 1800-1914. François Laplanche, Yves Marie Hilaire, Jean Marie Mayeur. Paris: Beauchesne. 1996. ISBN 2-7010-1341-0. OCLC 36331954.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  7. ↑ R., W.; B., G. H.; T., H. H.; M., C. R.; M., R.; D., F. W. (1908-06-20). "Obituary notices of fellows deceased". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character. 80 (542): i–xxxviii. doi:10.1098/rspa.1908.0047.
  8. ↑ Bousquet, Danielle (2014-02-21). "Un pas attendu vers la mixité au Panthéon, la reconnaissance du rôle des femmes dans l'histoire - Haut Conseil à l'Égalité entre les femmes et les hommes". www.haut-conseil-egalite.gouv.fr. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
  9. ↑ "Le lycée Sophie Berthelot".
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