The Stanford Fleet Street Singers
The Stanford Fleet Street Singers at Stanford's Main Quad in 2019, wearing their characteristic outfits
The Stanford Fleet Street Singers at Stanford's Main Quad in 2019, wearing their characteristic outfits
Background information
Also known asFleet Street
OriginStanford, California, United States
Genres
Years active1981–present
Websitewww.fleetstreet.com

The Stanford Fleet Street Singers (Fleet Street) is a comedy a cappella group from Stanford University. The group performs original songs and sketch comedy, and wears a uniform of black vests and red bow ties. Fleet Street is perhaps best known for having published the first collegiate a cappella album composed entirely of original music. In total, Fleet Street has released 13 studio albums and has received a dozen national awards.

Fleet Street was founded in 1981, as a collegiate a cappella group focused on comedy, theatricality, and barbershop harmony. In its early years, the group arranged and performed many Stanford-related songs (which they often subverted for humorous effect), which earned them large audiences among Stanford students and alumni. Alongside a turn to more popular music, the 1990s saw Fleet Street gain national prominence, sweeping the Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards, appearing on national television (The Today Show) and radio programs (The Dr. Demento Show), at the Lincoln Center in New York City, and overseas (at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival). In 2004, Fleet Street published their self-titled, entirely original album (the first such album in collegiate a cappella) to critical acclaim; this ushered in a new era for the group, defined by a focus on original music.

The name "Fleet Street" is a reference to the musical Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street, itself a nod to the group's musical roots in barbershop music. The group typically comprises a rotating set of 12 to 16 students, with new members selected by audition each September. Alumni of the group include technology executives, academics, Broadway actors, and comedy writers.

History

1981–1991: Stanford patronage

The Stanford Fleet Street Singers perform on the unfinished roof of a medium-height building in New York City, circa 1990. They're dressed in casual outfits with vests and bow ties.
The Stanford Fleet Street Singers on tour to New York City, c. 1990

Fleet Street was formed in 1981, after a few years as a loosely-defined barbershop quartet. As freshmen, students Timothy Biglow, Kyle Kashima, and Chris Tucci had been turned down after auditioning for the Stanford Mendicants, Stanford's only a cappella group at the time. As juniors, they formed the Fleet Street Singers with an emphasis on barbershop harmony, theatricality, and humor.[1][2]

The group's earliest performances were free and took place on the Stanford campus, in dormitories, and at social events.[1][2] The group's early repertoire included barbershop arrangements of Stanford standards and fight songs, such as "Hail, Stanford, Hail!" and "Come Join the Band".[1][3] A dozen of these arrangements were written and ultimately recorded for the A side of Fleet Street's first record, Songs of the Stanford Red (1984). The B side comprised ten songs from Fleet Street's other repertoire: jazz standards and more comedic arrangements.[4][5]

The two sides of the group's repertoire were not always kept separate; the group often subverted traditional songs for humorous effect. They performed a parody of UC Berkeley's official fight song, with alternative lyrics lampooning the rival school's mascot ("The Dirty Golden Bear").[6][7] In 1987, Fleet Street reinterpreted the university's century-old alma mater ("Hail, Stanford, Hail!") as a rap, which earned them renown within the community.[1][8] The Stanford Daily called it "a performance that characterizes the group's combination of music and comedy" and reported by 1990 its use at official university events including freshman orientation, fundraisers, and Big Game.[1] From 1990 to 1992, Fleet Street also performed the hymn at the university's commencement ceremonies in Stanford Stadium. Each time, after the audience chanted "Rap! Rap! Rap!", Fleet Street also performed their rap version of the hymn.[9][10][11][12] In 1991, Fleet Street was selected to be part of Stanford's National Centennial Celebration (celebrating 100 years since the university's founding); the group was flown to cities around the United States to sing the university's fight songs for alumni.[1]

1992–2003: Growing prominence

At the turn of the 1990s, Fleet Street broadened their repertoire, becoming well known on Stanford campus for their medleys, like that of songs from the TV show Schoolhouse Rock!, or that of songs by Duran Duran.[13][14][15] By 1992, their annual spring show filled Stanford's 1700-seat Memorial Auditorium.[16] Having become well-established at school, Fleet Street began pursuing projects beyond Stanford's campus.

In early 1992, Fleet Street released 50-Minute Fun Break, their fourth studio album and their second collaboration with audio engineer Bill Hare.[17] It featured the first synthesis of Hare's innovative studio recording techniques, which would go on to define the sound of recorded a cappella.[17][18][19] The album was generally well-received; a critic for the Recorded A Cappella Review Board (RARB) wrote, "Of all of the collegiate albums I have heard, this is the one that I would recommend most readily. If I could have only one collegiate album, this would be it."[20] At the Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards, the album won awards in five categories, a new record at the Awards.[21] At the time of the album's release, however, its studio engineering polarized a cappella critics. On the one hand, critics praised the album, saying "[Fleet Street's] studio engineering work is incredible", and, "This is technically one of the best albums I've heard from the collegiate scene." On the other hand, some critics criticized the studio work, calling it "intrusive", "unnatural", and "strange".[20] For its part, the Contemporary A Cappella Society praised the album's engineering, awarding it Best Mixing and Engineering and calling it "the best engineering we've ever heard on any collegiate album. Ever."[17][21]

Over the summer break in 1992, Fleet Street performed in a weeklong appearance at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival, their first show outside North America. The festival's program notes called Fleet Street "one of the U.S.'s premiere a cappella groups", and praised them for their theatrical style, musicianship, and "outlandish humour".[22] In February 1996, Fleet Street participated in the International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella and won Best Overall Group Performance on the West Coast, advancing to the championship's finals. That April, the group performed in the finals at David Geffen Hall (called Avery Fisher Hall at the time) in New York City's Lincoln Center, and performed on national television with The Today Show.[15][23][24]

In March 1996, World Champion figure skater Rudy Galindo skated to Fleet Street's recording of "Ave Maria" for his exhibition program at the World Figure Skating Championships.[25][26][27] Galindo later wrote that he found the recording "so spiritual and moving" that "the voices of the choir lift me to another state of mind, and it feels as if I'm floating."[25] Following that performance, Galindo skated to Fleet Street's cover of Bette Midler's "The Rose" in late 1999 at both Ice Wars and at the World Professional Figure Skating Championship.[28][29][30]

Fleet Street appeared on national radio for the first time in 1999, when their parody song "Web Surfin'" appeared in The Dr. Demento Radio Show's "Funny Five" list (best known for popularizing "Weird Al" Yankovic).[31] As of 2020, Fleet Street has been featured on the radio show 13 times.[32]

Their 2001 album Fearless received mixed-to-positive reviews from the RARB. The track "Greatest Hits of the 1590s" was described by a cappella critic Rebecca Christie as a "parody medley that [is] the best of its kind" with modern pop hooks "sung in madrigal fashion".[33]

2004–present: Original music

Four young men in tuxedoes sing on stage in front of a deep blue background. Two singers in particular stand in the foreground, gesticulating while singing a big note.
The Stanford Fleet Street Singers during a 2019 performance

In 2004, Fleet Street released their eleventh studio album, Fleet Street, the first album in collegiate a cappella to be composed entirely of original songs.[upper-alpha 1][35][36][37][38] The album was well-received, drawing praise for its lyrics and for the broad scope of its 15 original songs.[37] Contemporary A Cappella Society president Deke Sharon called it "the most important collegiate a cappella album to be released in a decade".[39] Noting that Sharon had urged collegiate groups to pursue original material, Broadway producer and a cappella critic Elie Landau said that Fleet Street had "answered Deke's call with probably the most gutsy and original collegiate album I've listened to in almost 20 years of active collegiate a cappella listening."[37]

In 2010, Fleet Street participated in America's Got Talent, reaching the second round in New York City.[39] In 2018, Fleet Street performed twice on National Public Radio.[40][41] In 2019, Fleet Street began producing music videos. One video, a diss track on Harvard University, went viral with 2.8 million views; another, an original song about pulling an all-nighter, earned the group its first A Cappella Video Award.[42]

As of 2020, Fleet Street is best known for their original, often humorous songs, such as "Prayer to the God of Partial Credit", "Everyone Pees in the Shower", and "Greatest Hits of the 1590s".[36][43][44][45] In interviews, musical directors have emphasized the group's originality, calling it "one of the most important things we focus on".[43][45] They describe Fleet Street's creative songwriting process as organic and highly collaborative.[39][46] Apart from music, Fleet Street is known for incorporating videos, sketch comedy, computer-animated films, and elaborate sets into their live performances.[7][39][47][48]

Group identity

In a 2010 interview, music director Julian Kusnadi said, "We're not very concerned about being typical!"[39] That perspective has run in the group for decades: "This is not something that singing groups normally do," said singer Rob Morris when interviewed about a Star Wars-themed computer-animated short film the group made in 1997, at a cost of 1,000 hours and $2,500.[47] In 2010, The Stanford Daily described Fleet Street as "characterized by its creativity and off-the-wall silliness".[39] In 2011, The Daily reported on Fleet Street's May show, calling it, "filled with the silly, goofball antics the tuxedoed singers are known for."[49]

Fleet Street is a student-led organization; the group's music director, business manager, and singers are always Stanford students.[8][15][50] The group consists of a rotating set of 12–16 members, with new members selected each September through two rounds of auditions. At auditions, students are asked to bring a joke, and are assessed on how well they blend with the group vocally.[1][2][51]

Fleet Street wears a uniform of black tuxedo vests and red bowties, a staple of the group since its founding.[7][36] Penguins also feature heavily in the group's visual identity, appearing on the covers of eight of their eleven albums. The name "Fleet Street" is a reference to the musical Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street, itself a nod to the group's musical roots in barbershop music.[1][2][3]

Discography

As of 2020, Fleet Street has released 13 full-length albums:

Awards and nominations

Recordings

Before 1992, there were no awards organizations related to a cappella. The Contemporary A Cappella Society announced Recording Awards for the first time in 1992. As of 2020, Fleet Street has won ten such awards.

Year Award CategoryNominee(s) ResultRef.
1993[lower-alpha 1] Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards Best Male Collegiate Album 50-Minute Fun Break (1992) Won [21][50]
Best Male Collegiate Song "You Always Hurt the One You Love" Won
Best Original Collegiate Song "Prayer to the God of Partial Credit"[lower-alpha 2] Won
Best Collegiate Cover Design Gray Norton for 50-Minute Fun Break (1992) Won
Best Mixing and Engineering[lower-alpha 3] Ben Evans and Bill Hare for 50-Minute Fun Break (1992) Won
1995 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards Male Collegiate Best Album What You Want (1994) Won [50][65]
Male Collegiate Best Song "Ave Maria" Won
Male Collegiate Best Arrangement "What's Opera, Doc?"
Runner-up
Best Male Collegiate Soloist Kevin Bleyer for "Black Coffee" Won
1999 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards Best Male Collegiate Album All The Rage (1998) Nominated [66][67]
Best Male Collegiate Song "Real Genius"[lower-alpha 2] Nominated
Best Male Collegiate Arrangement John Niekrasz Won [68][69]
2002 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards Best Male Collegiate Arrangement John Niekrasz for "Strange Meadow Lark" on Fearless (2001) Nominated [70]
2005 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards Best Humor Song[lower-alpha 3] "Teen Angst"[lower-alpha 2] on Fleet Street (2004) Nominated [71]
2011 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards Best Humor Song[lower-alpha 3] "Greatest Hits of the 1600s"[lower-alpha 2] on Through The Roof (2011)
Runner-up
 [72]
2020 A Cappella Video Awards Best Humor Video[lower-alpha 3] Music video: "All-Nighter"[lower-alpha 2] Won [73]
Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards Best Humor Song[lower-alpha 3] “All-Nighter”[lower-alpha 2]
Runner-up
 [74]
  1. ↑ Before 1992, there were no awards organizations related to a cappella.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Original songs.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Open category; includes both collegiate and professional works.

Live competition

The International Championship of Collegiate A Cappella (ICCA) judged live a cappella performance competitions for the first time in 1996. That year, Fleet Street won the West Region semifinal and competed in the championships at Lincoln Center in New York City.[15][24]

ICCA results for the Stanford Fleet Street Singers
Year Level Category Recipient(s) Result Citation
1996[lower-alpha 1] West Region Semifinal Best Group Fleet Street Singers
1st
Best Arrangement Greg Chun for "Duran Duran Medley" Won
1997 West Region Quarterfinal #3 Best Group Fleet Street Singers
2nd
Best Solo Nathan Reed for "Joyful, Joyful" Won
Best Arrangement John Niekrasz for "William Tell Overture" Won
2004 West Region Quarterfinal #3 Best Group Fleet Street Singers
3rd
Outstanding Soloist Ben Rosebrough Won
Outstanding Choreography Fleet Street Singers Won
2005 West Region Quarterfinal #3 Best Group Fleet Street Singers
2nd
  1. ↑ Before 1996, there were no awards dedicated to a cappella performance.

Notable alumni

Sixteen young men in tuxedoes stand and squat and with arms around each other in front of ornate sandstone pillars.
The Stanford Fleet Street Singers during the 2008–09 academic year

Fleet Street alumni (who are also, in general, alumni of Stanford University) include:

In 2000, Fleet Street alumni were among the founding members of The Richter Scales, an a cappella group from San Francisco, CA, that was active from 2000 to 2014.[93][94] In 2008, Fleet Street alumnus Matt Hempey led that group to win the Webby Award for Best Viral Video with their a cappella parody, "Here Comes Another Bubble".[95][96]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Fleet Street began writing and releasing original comedic songs as part of the 1990s' repertoire expansion (as early as 1988[34] and more consistently beginning in 1992).[20]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Gani, Paula (9 January 1990). "Fleet Street thrives on laughs and lyrics". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 196, no. 51. p. 7. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Springen, Karen (3 June 1982). "A 'fleet' of new singers". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 181, no. 70. p. 20. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  3. 1 2 "Songs of Stanford: The Early Years". Stanford Magazine. Stanford, CA. May–June 1999. Retrieved 30 October 2019.
  4. ↑ Wallin, John; Work, Telford (2 May 1985). "KZSU Picks: The Stanford Fleet Street Singers — Songs of the Stanford Red". The Stanford Daily. Vol. 187, no. 49. p. 9. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  5. 1 2 Biglow, T. Bag (1984). Songs of the Stanford Red (album sleeve). Menlo Park, CA.
  6. ↑ Rich, Andrew (16 November 1979). "Bug Me". The Stanford Daily. Vol. 176, no. 40. p. 3. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  7. 1 2 3 Cann-Woode, Nina (15 October 2001). "Reunion concert strikes all the right chords". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 220, no. 17. p. 9. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  8. 1 2 Camacho, Alex (7 June 1989). "Fleet Street updates traditional Hymn". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 195, no. 73. p. 27. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  9. ↑ Sprague, Mary (28 June 1990). "Commencement 1990: Into the future..." The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 197A, no. 1. p. 4. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  10. ↑ "Stanford celebrates 100th commencement". Stanford University News Service. 18 June 1991. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  11. ↑ Tzuang, Gloria (25 June 1992). "Art, life and flying by the seat of your pants". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 202A, no. 1. p. 7. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  12. ↑ Cantor, Julie (16 May 1991). "Triumphant Mem Aud concert celebrates Fleet Street's 10th anniversary". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 199, no. 59. p. 6. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  13. ↑ McConnell, Amy (9 May 1991). "Mr. Bill goes to Washington". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 199, no. 54. p. 10. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  14. ↑ Brockenbrough, Andy (26 September 1991). "A time to sing and sing and..." The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 200, no. 4. p. 8. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 Chen, Bobby (14 February 1996). "A cappella accolades: Groups sweep contest". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 209, no. 8. p. 2. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  16. ↑ Eisenberg, Chris (22 May 1991). "At the top of their lungs". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 199, no. 63. p. 12. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  17. 1 2 3 Sharon, Deke (2018). So You Want to Sing A Cappella: A Guide for Performers (print). Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 248–250. ISBN 978-1-538-10587-0. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  18. ↑ Mapes, Jillian (14 May 2015). "How 'Pitch Perfect' Helped A Cappella Hit a High Note in the Mainstream". Flavorwire. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  19. ↑ Sharon, Deke; Dietz, Rob (23 May 2019). "Episode 10: Bill Hare Mixes it Up". Counterpoint with Deke and Dietz (Podcast). Event occurs at 11:16. Retrieved 11 January 2020.{{cite podcast}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. 1 2 3 4 "The Recorded A Cappella Review Board: 50-Minute Fun Break (1992)". The Recorded A Cappella Review Board. 1992. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
  21. 1 2 3 "1993 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Award Winners". The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Archived from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  22. ↑ 1992 Edinburgh Festival Fringe (programme). Edinburgh: Edinburgh Festival Fringe. 1992. VENUE 36—Festival Club, 9–15 chambers Street. Alive and Singing: The Fleet Street Singers of Stanford University offer a unique blend of outstanding musicianship and outlandish humour that has made them one of the U.S.'s premiere a cappella groups—all performed in an entertaining, theatrical style. Aug 23–29 11.30am (1.00) £4.00 (£3.00)
  23. 1 2 "Official Results for the ICCA (1996)". University of California, Berkeley: Varsity Vocals. 1996. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
  24. 1 2 Today Show: Stanford University Fleet Street Band Performs in Rockefeller Center (television broadcast). NBC. 13 April 1996. ARKVN58CDP. Outside Studio 1A, Ford and Martin interview Stanford University Fleet Street band's musical director, who says they mostly do classical jazz standards, but have wide range; discusses song they will perform. Band performs a cappella song in Rockefeller Center.
  25. 1 2 Galindo, Rudy (1997). Icebreaker: the Autobiography of Rudy Galindo. Atria. pp. 235–237. ISBN 978-0671003906. For worlds, I was using a version of 'Ave Maria' sung by the Fleet Street Choir at Stanford University. It's so spiritual and moving that the voices of the choir lift me to another state of mind, and it feels as if I'm floating.
  26. ↑ Chopra, Nitin (24 September 1998). "A cappella nation: A Stanford tradition". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 214, no. 5. pp. 5–7. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  27. ↑ "Red All Over: Cardinal Numbers". Stanford Magazine. May–June 2007. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
  28. ↑ "Rudy Galindo's "Studio 54"". Flavor of the Month. Rainbow Ice. December 1999. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
  29. ↑ "Ice Wars – World Ice Figure Skating Challenge: Ice Wars VI". goldenskate.com. Baton Rouge, Louisiana. 3–4 November 1999. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
  30. ↑ "1999 Metabolife World Professional Figure Skating Championship". goldenskate.com. Landover, Maryland. 10–11 December 1999. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
  31. ↑ "The Dr. Demento Show #99-36". dmdb.org. The Dr. Demento Show. 5 September 1999. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  32. ↑ Morris, Jeff. "Fleet Street appearances on the Dr. Demento Show". dmdb.org. The Demented Music Database: Playlist Archive. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  33. 1 2 Christie, Rebecca; Minkoff, Jonathan; Stevens, Benjamin (9 September 2001). "The Recorded A Cappella Review Board: Fearless (2001)". The Contemporary A Review Board. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  34. 1 2 Millet, Tim; Cochran, Tim (1988). Full Moon at the Quad (booklet). Stanford Fleet Street Singers.
  35. ↑ Duchan, Joshua S (2012). Powerful Voices: The Musical and Social World of Collegiate A Cappella (print). p. 182. ISBN 978-0-472-11825-0. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  36. 1 2 3 Chen, Daisy (20 February 2007). "Fleet Street singers reunite". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 231, no. 13. pp. 1–12. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  37. 1 2 3 4 Minkoff, Jonathan; Landau, Elie; Diamant, Joshua (14 June 2005). "The Recorded A Cappella Review Board: Fleet Street (2004)". The Recorded A Cappella Review Board. Retrieved 26 May 2017.
  38. ↑ Duchan, Joshua S. (Winter 2007). "Collegiate a Cappella: Emulation and Originality". American Music. 25 (4): 505. doi:10.2307/40071679. JSTOR 40071679.
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Agarwal, Avantika (27 May 2010). "Bowties and ballads". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 237, no. 69. p. 2. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  40. ↑ Paul, Lenny (24 February 2018). "This Week On Says You!". Says You Radio. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
  41. ↑ Paul, Lenny (3 March 2018). "Listen in with special host Dave Zobel". Says You Radio. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
  42. ↑ Zhang, Dongming (18 February 2020). "Outstanding a cappella: Fleet Street wins Best Humor Video from notable a cappella society". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 257, no. 12. p. 3. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  43. 1 2 Halyard, Isaac (7 December 2011). "Fleet Street brings originality, laughs with 'Dorm Alone'". The Stanford Daily. Retrieved 7 December 2019.
  44. ↑ Yen, Julie (May–June 2007). "The Boys are Back in Town: Fleet Street's 25th Reunion". Stanford Magazine. Retrieved 17 November 2019.
  45. 1 2 Schwyzer, Elizabeth (5 February 2015). "A singing tradition: More than 50 years on, a cappella thrives at Stanford". Palo Alto Online. Palo Alto Weekly. Retrieved 9 January 2020.
  46. ↑ Omer, Issra (11 August 2011). "Beyond the barbershop: Stanford's diverse a capella scene". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 240A, no. 7. p. 10. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 20 January 2020.
  47. 1 2 Chen, Bobby (10 May 1996). "Fleet Street show goes digital: A cappella group blends computer-animated movie into its act". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 209, no. 55. p. 16. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  48. ↑ "Guide to the Stanford Fleet Street Singers Collection ARS.0091". Online Archive of California. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
  49. ↑ Cooper, Andrew (2 June 2011). "Fleet Street: Behind the Bowties". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 239, no. 73. p. 8. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  50. 1 2 3 4 Yu, Cynthia (28 February 1995). "Fleet Street wins national awards: Album 'What You Want' sweeps three of four categories". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 207, no. 16. pp. 1–2. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  51. ↑ Francis, Natalie (23 October 2018). "Four-part harmony: Stanford students share 2018 a cappella audition experiences". The Stanford Daily (Online). Retrieved 7 December 2019.
  52. ↑ Freedman, Micah; Grundy, Bill (1990). curious... (booklet). Stanford Fleet Street Singers. San Jose, CA.
  53. 1 2 3 4 Evans, Ben (1992). 50-Minute Fun Break (booklet). Stanford Fleet Street Singers. San Jose, CA.
  54. 1 2 Rubenson, Aaron; Cain, Jerry (1994). What You Want (booklet). Stanford Fleet Street Singers. San Jose, CA. p. 6.
  55. 1 2 "RARB Review: Stanford University Fleet Street Singers, What You Want". The Contemporary A Review Board. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  56. 1 2 3 Evans, Ben (1995). Greatest Hits & Skits: Volumes 1 & 2 (booklet). Stanford Fleet Street Singers.
  57. 1 2 Niekrasz, John; Hempey, Matthew (1998). All The Rage (booklet). Stanford Fleet Street Singers. p. 10.
  58. ↑ Christie, Rebecca; Cooks, Sarah Andrews; Minkoff, Jonathan; Schroeder, Karl; Stevens, Benjamin (22 January 1999). "The Recorded A Cappella Review Board: All the Rage (1998)". The Contemporary A Review Board. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  59. ↑ Davi, John (1999). Up Toward Mountains Higher (booklet). Stanford Fleet Street Singers. p. 17.
  60. ↑ "The Fleet Street Singers: Stanford: Up Toward Mountains Higher". AllMusic. 1999. Retrieved 8 December 2019.
  61. 1 2 Requenez, Edward; Martinusen, Bill (2001). Fearless (booklet). Stanford Fleet Street Singers. p. 6.
  62. ↑ Solomon, Mike; Bernstein, Michael; Requenez, Edward (2004). Fleet Street (booklet). Stanford Fleet Street singers. Milpitas, CA. p. 2.
  63. ↑ Sailor, Kimberly Raschka; Dietz, Robert; Anderson-Frey, Nick (23 June 2011). "The Recorded A Cappella Review Board: Through the Roof (2010)". The Contemporary A Review Board. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  64. ↑ Sailor, Kimberly Raschka; Thomas, Kevin; Lanza, Stephen (23 December 2017). "The Recorded A Cappella Review Board: Cold Fury (2017)". The Contemporary A Review Board. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  65. ↑ "1995 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Award Winners". The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Archived from the original on 30 October 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  66. ↑ "1999 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Award Nominees". The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Archived from the original on 15 June 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  67. ↑ Yang, Virginia (2 February 1999). "A cappella up for awards: Campus groups win 14 nominations". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 215, no. 2. p. 1. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  68. ↑ "1999 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Award Winners". The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Archived from the original on 27 October 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  69. ↑ Daly, Bobby (8 April 1999). "Unaccompanied recognition: Stanford groups win national a cappella prizes". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 215, no. 34. p. 1. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  70. ↑ "2002 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Award Nominees". The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Archived from the original on 27 October 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  71. ↑ "2005 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Award Nominees". The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Archived from the original on 27 October 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  72. ↑ Hoffman, Julia (19 March 2011). "2011 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Award Winners". The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Archived from the original on 27 October 2019. Retrieved 20 January 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  73. ↑ Chen, Jessica (9 February 2020). "2020 A Cappella Video Awards Results". The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards. Retrieved 9 February 2020.
  74. ↑ Chen, Jessica (5 April 2020). "2020 Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards Results". The Contemporary A Cappella Society. Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  75. ↑ "Official Results for the ICCA (1997)". Stanford University: Varsity Vocals. 1997. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
  76. ↑ Corbett, Melanie (3 March 2004). "Battle of the Singers: Fleet Street and Harmonics compete in the ICCA". The Stanford Daily (Print). Vol. 225, no. 22. p. 3. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  77. ↑ "Official Results for the ICCA (2004)". Brigham Young University: Varsity Vocals. 2005. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
  78. ↑ "Official Results for the ICCA (2005)". University of California, Berkeley: Varsity Vocals. 2005. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
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  81. ↑ Lee, Otter (4 May 2017). "Interview with Greg Chun: Fire Emblem's New Ike". Retrieved 2 December 2019.
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