Tanganyika African National Union
LeaderJulius Nyerere
Founded5 July 1954
Dissolved5 January 1977
Preceded byTanganyika African Association
Succeeded byChama cha Mapinduzi
HeadquartersDar Es Salaam, Tanzania
IdeologyAfrican nationalism
African socialism
Ujamaa
Political positionLeft-wing
Party flag

The Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) was the principal political party in the struggle for sovereignty in the East African state of Tanganyika (now Tanzania). The party was formed from the Tanganyika African Association by Julius Nyerere in July 1954 when he was teaching at St. Francis' College (which is now known as Pugu High School).[1] From 1964 the party was called the Tanzania African National Union. In January 1977 the TANU merged with the ruling party in Zanzibar, the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP), to form the current Revolutionary State Party or Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM). The policy of TANU was to build and maintain a socialist state aiming towards economic self-sufficiency and to eradicate corruption and exploitation, with the major means of production and exchange under the control of the peasants and workers (Ujamaa-Essays on Socialism; "The Arusha Declaration").

Julius Nyerere was the first President of Tanzania, serving from the 1960s to 1985. In 1962, Nyerere and TANU created the Ministry of National Culture and Youth. Nyerere felt the creation of the ministry was necessary in order to deal with some of the challenges and contradictions of building a nation-state and a national culture after 70 years of colonialism.[2] The government of Tanzania sought to create an innovative public space where Tanzanian popular culture could develop and flourish. By incorporating the varied traditions and customs of all the people of Tanzania, Nyerere hoped to promote a sense of pride, thus creating a national culture.[3]

Electoral history

Presidential elections

Election Party candidate Votes % Result
1962 Julius Nyerere 1,127,987 99.2% Elected Green tick
1965 2,520,904 96.5% Elected Green tick
1970 3,220,636 96.7% Elected Green tick
1975 4,172,267 93.3% Elected Green tick

Bunge elections

Election Party leader Votes % Seats +/– Position Outcome
1958–59 Julius Nyerere 47,685 74.4%
30 / 64
 Increase 30 Increase 1st Supermajority government
1960 100,581 82.8%
70 / 71
 Increase 40 Steady 1st Supermajority government
1965 2,263,830 100%
in alliance with ASP
188 / 188
 Increase 118 Steady 1st Sole legal party
1970 66.6%
in alliance with ASP
106 / 106
 Decrease 82 Steady 1st Sole legal party
1975 4,474,267 100%
in alliance with ASP
223 / 223
 Increase 117 Steady 1st Sole legal party

Note

In the 1958–59 TANU won all seats the remaining 34 seats were appointed

The Afro Shirazi party was the sole legal party in Zanzibar which is an autonomous region

References

  1. ↑ Osabu-Kle, Daniel Tetteh (2000). Compatible cultural democracy: the key to development in Africa. University of Toronto Press. p. 167. ISBN 1-55111-289-2.
  2. ↑ Music and Performance in Funerals & Love Songs
  3. ↑ Lemelle, Sidney J. "'Ni wapi Tunakwenda': Hip Hop Culture and the Children of Arusha." In The Vinyl Ain't Final: Hip Hop and the Globalization of Black Popular Culture, ed. by Dipannita Basu and Sidney J. Lemelle, 230-54. London; Ann Arbor, MI: Pluto Pres
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