Tar Creek
La Brea Creek
Tar Creek looking west from Union Pacific Railroad undercrossing beneath U.S. Highway 101, March 2022
Location
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
RegionSanta Clara County
CityGilroy, California
Physical characteristics
SourceEastern flank of the southern Santa Cruz Mountains
 • coordinates36°58′38″N 121°37′03″W / 36.97722°N 121.61750°W / 36.97722; -121.61750[1]
 • elevation1,676 ft (511 m)
MouthConfluence with lower Uvas Creek, also known as Carnadero Creek
 • location
Sargent, Santa Clara County, California
 • coordinates
36°55′48″N 121°32′30″W / 36.93000°N 121.54167°W / 36.93000; -121.54167[1]
 • elevation
128 ft (39 m)[1]
Length29.5 mi (47.5 km)

Tar Creek is an 8-mile-long (13 km)[1] mainly southeastward-flowing stream originating on the eastern slopes of the Santa Cruz Mountains, in southern Santa Clara County, California, United States. Tar Creek flows through the Sargent Ranch, once the Rancho Juristac Mexican Land grant. It crosses under U.S. Highway 101 and about 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Gilroy, California joins lower Uvas Creek (also known as Carnadero Creek).[2] From the Tar Creek confluence, lower Uvas Creek flows shortly south to its confluence with the Pajaro River at the Santa Clara County - San Benito County boundary.

History

California's coastal counties have extensive deposits of asphaltum or bitumen are found, including in Santa Clara County's Tar Creek watershed, likely resulting in the creek's name.[3] Tar Creek was historically named La Brea Creek, "la brea" being Spanish for "the pitch".[4]

Beginning in the 1860s Tar Creek's "La Brea Canyon" was prospected for oil. By 1914, hundreds of thousand of barrels of oil had been shipped from the Sargent Oil Field by the Watsonville Oil Company and Sargent's Ranch Oil Company.[4]

Watershed

Upper Tar Creek flows southeast out of Wildcat Canyon,[5] then flows south over Castro Valley[6] where it is bisected by Castro Valley Road. From there, the creek flows south then west through the Sargent Ranch towards U.S. Highway 101 where it crosses beneath the freeway in a large viaduct shared with the Union Pacific Railroad.

Ecology

California red-legged frogs (Rana draytonii) are a federally threatened species and are known to breed in stock ponds on the greater Sargent Ranch property. Although California tiger salamanders (Ambystoma californiense) are known to breed in stock ponds to the north of Tar Creek.[7]

A pair of tule elk (Cervus canadensis nannodes) bulls were sighted by a Santa Clara County Parks Ranger in mid-November 2021 just north of Tar Creek and just west of U.S. Highway 101. These elk, from the established herds in the Diablo Range, are the first elk known to have passed west of Highway 101 to the southern Santa Cruz Mountains. Highway 101 had historically been a complete barrier to westward expansion of the elk herds in eastern Santa Clara County as illustrated by the lack of elk-vehicle collisions on this freeway in a study from 2016 to 2020 by the Road Ecology Center at the University of California at Davis.[8]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Tar Creek". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  2. ↑ "Carnadero Creek". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  3. ↑ Erwin Gustav Gudde (1960). California Place Names. University of California Press.
  4. 1 2 David L. Wagner; Bill Fedasko; J.R. Carnahan; Ross Brunetti; Leslie B. Magoon; Paul G. Lillis (2002). Tar Creek study, Sargent oil field, Santa Clara County, California (Report). Sacramento, California: California Dept. of Conservation, Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources. p. 17.
  5. ↑ "Wildcat Canyon". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  6. ↑ "Castro Valley". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  7. ↑ Rick Hopkins; Pamela Peterson (March 12, 2015). Biotic Evaluation Sargent Ranch Quarry, Santa Clara County, California (PDF) (Report). San Jose, California: Live Oak Associates. Retrieved March 7, 2022.
  8. ↑ F. Shilling; D. Waetjen; G. Porter (2021). "From Wildlife-Vehicle Conflict to Solutions for California Wildlife & Drivers". Davis, California: University of California at Davis Road Ecology Center. Retrieved March 7, 2022. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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