Aamber Pegasus
The 1981 Technosys Aamber Pegasus shown here in its suitcase style cardboard case.
DeveloperHardware design - Stewart J Holmes
Software design - Paul Gillingwater, Nigel Keam and Paul Carter.
ManufacturerTechnosys Research Labs.[1]
TypeHome computer
Release date1981 (1981)
Units sold~100
Operating systemMONITOR, BASIC (Tiny BASIC variant), EXTENDED BASIC, MAD (Assembler/Disassembler), Forth, Pascal
CPUMC6809C CPU @ 4 MHz
Memory4k RAM, later versions 64k RAM
DisplayTV via RF modulator; 32 x 16 characters; 256x256 pixels monochrome at 50Hz
SoundCustom, mono
InputKeyboard
Aamber Pegasus PCB with MONITOR 1.0, FORTH 1.1A and FORTH 1.1B EPROMs installed.

The Aamber Pegasus is a home computer first produced in New Zealand in 1981 by Technosys Research Labs.[1]

The hardware was designed by Stewart J Holmes. The software was designed by Paul Gillingwater, Nigel Keam and Paul Carter.

It is thought that Apple Computer introduction of the Apple II computer into the New Zealand market, and its subsequent heavy educational discounting was the final nail in the coffin for Technosys and the Aamber Pegasus computer.

Total production numbers are unknown, but it is thought "around one hundred" were sold.[2][3]

Technical specifications

Software

An optional multi ROM board in conjunction with a rotating dial allowed switching between 6 EPROM banks containing multiple language environments, games and applications. The EPROM based language environments include EXTENDED BASIC, Pascal, BASIC (a variant of Tiny BASIC), MAD (Assembler/Disassembler) and Forth. Games available on EPROM are TANKS, INVADERS and GALAXY WARS. Other software included MONITOR (the system BIOS which needed to be present for the system to run) and a word processor application called WORD. The system allowed loading of programs by cassette. Some available cassettes include SNAKES, STAR TREK, HANGMAN and CHARACTER GENERATOR.

Networking

A network version of the Aamber Pegasus provided connectivity to a 6809-based server (SWTPC-6809).[6] Especially the networking version attempted to address the New Zealand Government's computers in schools initiative,[7] but never produced the hoped-for large orders.

Unusual design features

One of the most unusual aspects of the machine is that to save the cost of a CRTC, the processor set up some bits on the 6821(PIA) to control the row being read out, then stepped through a series of NOPs so that the address lines of the CPU could act as a big counter. This counter drove the X address of the display RAM. On every row, the CPU updates the row number selected from the character ROM (and programmable character RAM) and every 16th row it increments the Y address of the display RAM. At the end of the screen the output is blanked, and the CPU gets to do some “real” work until the FIRQ pin is pulsed by the 50 Hz line from the power supply. Essentially the Pegasus used the mains frequency to trigger vertical sync. Because of this, the CPU is ~90% occupied as a counter, so in a non-real-time application you could disable the FIRQ (one bit in the 6809's CC reg) and the Pegasus ran ~10x faster – albeit with a blank screen. In this respect it was similar to the Sinclair ZX81 which used its ‘FAST’ mode in much the same way.

On the left side of the Pegasus motherboard you can see a small blob of putty. This putty is hiding a series of diodes that act as a simplistic 8-bit ID. This 8-bit ID will only allow EPROMs encoded with a corresponding ID to work in any individual machine. For example, an EPROM from a machine numbered 2569 will not work in another Pegasus with a different ID.

Modern emulation

The MAME emulator supports the Aamber Pegasus under the name "Pegasus",[8] and a number of the original manuals are available at the Internet Archive.[9]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Aamber Pegasus, Applefritter
  2. ↑ Doran, Bob; Trotman, Andrew (2018). "Preserving Our Heritage: New Zealand Made Computers". The Rutherford Journal. 5.
  3. ↑ Doran, Bob; Trotman, Andrew. "Preserving our Heritage: NZ-made Computers" (PDF). CS Dept. University of Otago. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
  4. ↑ Aamber Pegasus Manual. NZ: Technosys Research Labs. 1981. pp. 2–02.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  5. ↑ "Aamber Pegasus". HFS DB. Retrieved 2023-02-10.
  6. ↑ "Technosys Aamber Pegasus". 2017-02-26. Archived from the original on 2017-02-26. Retrieved 2018-03-19.
  7. ↑ "New Zealand Internet History - Waikato Linux Users Group". Archived from the original on 2010-05-23. Retrieved 2010-04-24.
  8. ↑ "Aamber Pegasus". Arcade Database. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
  9. ↑ "AAMBER Pegasus Manuals". Internet Archive. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
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