| Sport | Baseball |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1895 |
| Ceased | 1899 |
| No. of teams |
|
| Country | United States |
| Last champion(s) | Galveston Sand Crabs (1899) |
| Most titles |
|
The Texas-Southern League was a sports league of minor league baseball teams that operated from 1895 to 1899, primarily in Texas.[1]: 168 During the 1896 season, the league renamed itself as the Texas Association. History of the Texas-Southern League / Texas Association prior to 1900 follows.
History
In 1895, the league began with eight teams: the Austin Senators, Dallas Steers, Fort Worth Panthers, Galveston Sand Crabs, Houston Magnolias, San Antonio Missionaries, Sherman Orphans, and Shreveport Grays.[1]: 168 In early August, the Austin, Houston, and San Antonio teams disbanded; Shreveport also dropped out, so the league would have an even number of teams remaining.[1]: 168 The league played a split season, with Dallas winning the first half, and Fort Worth winning the second half.[1]: 168 In a postseason series, Fort Worth defeated Dallas, seven games to six.[1]: 168
In 1896, the league again began with eight teams: the returning Austin, Fort Worth, and Galveston teams were joined by the Dallas Navigators, Denison Indians, Houston Buffaloes, San Antonio Bronchos, and Sherman Students.[1]: 171 The Students disbanded in June and were replaced by the Paris Midlands.[1]: 171 In early August, four teams (Dallas, Denison, Fort Worth, and Paris) disbanded.[1]: 171 The league played a three-part split season, with Fort Worth, Houston, and Galveston each winning segments.[1]: 171 Fort Worth dropped out of the playoffs, leaving Houston to defeat Galveston for the championship, five games to two.[1]: 171 Notable players in the league included Kid Elberfeld and Harry Steinfeldt.
The 1897 league consisted of eight teams: the returning Austin, Galveston, Houston, Paris, and San Antonio teams were joined by the Dallas Defenders, Fort Worth Colts, and Sherman-Denison Tigers.[1]: 173 During July, the Sherman-Denison team moved to Waco, while Austin, San Antonio, and Houston dropped out of the league in August.[1]: 173 The winners of the two split seasons, San Antonio and Galveston, were declared league co-champions.[1]: 173 Notable players in the league included Warren Wallace Beckwith.
The 1898 league had six teams: the Austin, Galveston, Houston, and San Antonio teams were joined by the Dallas Colts and Fort Worth Panthers.[1]: 178 At the end of April, Fort Worth disbanded and Dallas was dropped from the league, while in May, Austin and San Antonio disbanded.[1]: 178 Austin and Galveston each won a half of the split-season, but no playoffs were held and no champion was declared.[1]: 178
In 1899, the final season of the league, four teams competed, all of which returned from the prior year: Austin, Galveston, Houston, and San Antonio.[1]: 180 Galveston won both halves of the split season, and was declared league champion.[1]: 180
Results by season
| Season | League name | Teams | Class | Season dates | Split season winners | Playoffs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1895 | Texas-Southern League | 8 | B | April 20–September 2 | Dallas Steers Fort Worth Panthers | Fort Worth over Dallas (7–6 games) |
| 1896 | Texas-Southern League Texas Association† | 8 | C | April 18–September 5 | Fort Worth Panthers Houston Buffaloes Galveston Sand Crabs | Houston over Galveston (5–2 games) |
| 1897 | Texas Association | 8 | C | April 17–August 22 | San Antonio Bronchos Galveston Sand Crabs | None held; Galveston & San Antonio co-champions |
| 1898 | Texas Association | 6 | C | April 9–May 16 | Austin Senators Galveston Sand Crabs | None held; no champion declared |
| 1899 | Texas Association | 4 | C | April 16–July 5 | Galveston Sand Crabs Galveston Sand Crabs | None held; Galveston champion |
† Name changed during July
Notes
Records from baseball's early years, especially in the minor leagues, are often incomplete, with frequent changes in team names and locations.
Some early seasons of the Texas League, which began operation in 1888, are listed as the Texas-Southern League in online sources.[2]