Tichit
Commune and village
Tichit is located in Mauritania
Tichit
Tichit
Location in Mauritania
Coordinates: 18°26′30″N 9°29′30″W / 18.44167°N 9.49167°W / 18.44167; -9.49167
Country Mauritania
RegionTagant
Official nameAncient Ksour of Ouadane, Chinguetti, Tichitt and Oualata
TypeCultural
Criteriaiii, iv, v
Designated1996 (20th session)
Reference no.750
RegionArab States

Tichit, or Tichitt (Berber languages: Ticit, Arabic: تيشيت), is a partly abandoned village at the foot of the Tagant Plateau in central southern Mauritania that is known for its vernacular architecture. The main agriculture in Tichit is date farming, and the village is also home to a small museum.

Tichitt Airport has two unpaved runways designated in a barren area 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) southeast of the village.

Archaeological significance

This region includes a long sandstone cliff formation that defines the northern limit of the Hodh depression, near the former lake of Aoukar.[1]

The medieval trading settlement at Tichit is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Neolithic site of Dhar Tichitt in this area was settled by agropastoral communities around 2000 BC.[2] Their settlements were generally situated on the cliffs and included stone building. These are the oldest surviving archaeological settlements in West Africa and the oldest of all stone base settlements south of the Sahara. They are thought to have been built by the Soninke people and were possibly the precursor of the Ghana empire.[3][4][5] The area was abandoned around 500 BC probably because of the onset of more arid conditions. Hundreds of rock art images have been discovered, depicting various animals and hunting scenes.[6] Archaeologists including P.J. Munson, Augustin F.C. Holl, and S. Amblard have found some evidence that millet was farmed seasonally as early as 2000 BC.

A view of the partially abandoned ancient town of Tichit in Tagant region of Mauritania.
A view of the ancient town of Tichit in Tagant region of Mauritania.
Some modern housing visible in the foreground with many other abandoned buildings of historical importance at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Tichit in Tagant region of Mauritania.
Some modern housing visible in the foreground with many other abandoned buildings of historical importance at the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Tichit in Tagant region of Mauritania.

Climate

Climate data for Tichit
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 29.8
(85.6)		 32.9
(91.2)		 37.5
(99.5)		 40.4
(104.7)		 42.5
(108.5)		 42.0
(107.6)		 38.6
(101.5)		 35.8
(96.4)		 37.5
(99.5)		 38.7
(101.7)		 35.3
(95.5)		 31.6
(88.9)		 36.9
(98.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 16.2
(61.2)		 19.2
(66.6)		 23.8
(74.8)		 26.9
(80.4)		 29.9
(85.8)		 30.5
(86.9)		 28.2
(82.8)		 26.6
(79.9)		 27.0
(80.6)		 27.0
(80.6)		 22.2
(72.0)		 18.1
(64.6)		 24.6
(76.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 0
(0)		 1
(0.0)		 0
(0)		 1
(0.0)		 1
(0.0)		 6
(0.2)		 15
(0.6)		 32
(1.3)		 19
(0.7)		 3
(0.1)		 1
(0.0)		 0
(0)		 79
(2.9)
Source 1: http://www.storm247.com/weather/110676228/climate (temperature)
Source 2: http://www.levoyageur.net/weather-city-TICHITT.html (precipitation)

References

  1. ↑ Kjeilen, Tore. "TICHIT The living ghost of yesterday's glory". LookLex. Archived from the original on 2020-05-22.
  2. ↑ Holl 2009.
  3. ↑ Munson 1980.
  4. ↑ Fage, J.D (1976), The Cambridge history of Africa, Volume 5, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 338, 339, ISBN 978-0-521-21592-3.
  5. ↑ Coquery-Vidrovitch, Catherine (2005), The History of African Cities South of the Sahara, Princeton: Markus Wiener, pp. 42, 43, ISBN 978-1-55876-303-6.
  6. ↑ Holl 2002.

Bibliography

Further reading

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