The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Lima, Peru.
Prior to 19th century
| History of Peru |
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 Peru portal |
- 1535
- Ciudad de los Reyes founded by Francisco Pizarro.[1]
- Cathedral of Lima construction begins.[2]
- Plaza Mayor location designated.
- 1541
- 26 June: Francisco Pizarro assassinated.[1][3]
- Catholic Diocese of Lima established.[4]
- 1542 – Spanish Real Audiencia established.[5]
- 1548 – Jerónimo de Loayza becomes Catholic Archbishop of Lima.[6]
- 1549 – Municipal Palace of Lima built.
- 1551 – University of San Marcos founded.[2]
- 1555 - Artisan guilds established (approximate date).[7]
- 1565 – Casa de Moneda de Lima (mint) established.[2]
- 1581 – Antonio Ricardo sets up printing press.[8]
- 1586 – 1586 Lima–Callao earthquake.[9]
- 1613 - Consulado (merchant guild) begins operating.[10][11]
- 1625 – Cathedral Basilica of Lima consecrated.[2]
- 1655 - 13 November: 1655 Peru earthquake.[12]
- 1671
- Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de los Desamparados (Lima) (church) built.[6]
- Rose of Lima canonized as a religious saint.[12]
- 1674 - Basilica and Convent of San Francisco completed.
- 1687
- 1687 Peru earthquake.
- Lima City Walls built.
- 1700 – Population: 37,234.[13]
- 1746 – 1746 Lima–Callao earthquake.[2]
- 1768 – Plaza de toros de Acho (bullring) constructed.[2]
- 1791 – Population: 52,627.[13]
- 1799 – Callao-Lima highway constructed.[13]
19th century
- 1808 – Public cemetery established.[13]
- 1812 – Population: 63,900.[13]
- 1820 – Treasure of Lima reputedly removed from city.
- 1821 - Lima taken by forces of José de San Martín; Peruvian independence from Spanish Empire declared.[14]
- 1822 - National Library of Peru founded.[15]
- 1828 – Earthquake.[16]
- 1838 – July: Political unrest.[16]
- 1839 – El Comercio newspaper begins publication.[17]
- 1854
- 1856 – Saint Cecilia Philharmonic Society formed.[18]
- 1860
- April: Earthquake.[16]
- Lima Stock Exchange and Artisan Mutual Aid Society[18] founded.
- 1861 – Peru National Archive established.[19]
- 1865 - November: City taken by anti-Spanish forces during the Chincha Islands War.[3]
- 1867 - Fabrica de Chocolate Cavenago y Cortazar established.[20]
- 1868 – Club de la Union founded.
- 1870 – Lima City Walls dismantled.[9]
- 1872 – Palacio de la Exposición built;[2] Lima International Exhibition held.[3]
- 1876
- Escuela Especial de Construcciones Civiles y Minas established.[21]
- Population: 101,488.[1]
- 1881 – Occupation of Lima by Chilean forces begins.[1][22]
- 1883 – Occupation of Lima by Chilean forces ends.[1]
- 1886
- 1888 – Sociedad Geográfica de Lima founded.[21]
- 1897 – Estadio Guadalupe opens.
- 1898 – Instituto Tecnico e Industrial del Peru inaugurated.[21]
20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1903 – Sociedad Empleados de Comercio organized.[25]
- 1906
- Museo de Historia Nacional opens.[21]
- Lima Cricket and Football Club active.
- 1907 – Lima Philharmonic Society founded.
- 1908 - Population: 140,884.[26]
- 1914 – Teatro Colón (theatre) inaugurated.[24]
- 1918 - Museum of Natural History, Lima established.
- 1923 – Museum of Italian Art inaugurated.
- 1924 – Archbishop's Palace of Lima built.
- 1928 - 21 July: Asociación Nacional de Periodistas del Perú founded in Lima.[27]
- 1929 – Teatro Municipal established.
- 1933 - Jardín botánico Octavio Velarde Núñez (garden) established.[28]
- 1935 – Lima Municipal Library established.[19]
- 1936 – Cine Metro (cinema) opens.[29]
- 1938
- Government Palace built.
- National Symphony Orchestra founded.
- 1939 – Legislative Palace built on Paseo Colón.
- 1940 – Avenida Abancay constructed.[9]
- 1944 – Municipal Palace of Lima rebuilt.
1950s-1990s
- 1958 – Cine El Pacifico (cinema) in Miraflores built.[29]
- 1959
- El Ángel Cemetery (cemetery) established.
- Pastelería San Antonio in business.[30]
- 1961 - Population: 1,436,231 urban agglomeration.[31]
- 1962 – University of Lima founded.
- 1964 - 24 May: Estadio Nacional disaster.[32]
- 1966 – 17 October: 1966 Peru earthquake.[9]
- 1969 - Perú Negro (musical group) formed.[33]
- 1972 - Population: 2,833,609 city; 3,302,523 urban agglomeration.[34]
- 1980 - Colegio de Periodistas del Perú founded.
- 1981 - City partnered with Austin, Texas, USA.[35]
- 1984 - Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement active.
- 1988 – Historic Centre of Lima designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.[9]
- 1990
- Lima Metro opens.
- Population: 6,414,500 (estimate).[36]
- 1991 – 3 November: Barrios Altos massacre.
- 1992
- 16 July: Tarata bombing.
- La Cantuta massacre.
- 1996
- 17 December: Japanese embassy hostage crisis begins.
- Alberto Andrade Carmona becomes mayor.
- 1997 – Jockey Plaza shopping centre in Surco in business.
- 1998 - Orchestra of the University of Lima founded.
- 1999 – Juan Luis Cipriani Thorne becomes Catholic Archbishop of Lima.
21st century
- 2001 – Chocavento Tower built.
- 2002 – 21 March: Bombing near U.S. embassy.[14]
- 2003 – Luis Castañeda Lossio becomes mayor.
- 2004
- 25 July: 2004 Copa América Final football tournament held.
- Camisea Gas Project begins operating.[14]
- 2005 - Consejo Consultivo de Radio y Televisión headquartered in Lima.
- 2007 – Population: 7,605,742; metro 8,472,935.
- 2010 – El Metropolitano bus transit system begins operating.
- 2011
- Lima Metro begins operating.
- Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología is founded.
- Susana Villarán becomes mayor.
- 2013 - Air pollution in Lima reaches annual mean of 48 PM2.5 and 88 PM10, more than recommended.[37]
- 2015 - Luis Castañeda Lossio becomes mayor again.
- 2016 - Population: 10,039,455.[38]
See also
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 Chambers 1901.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Britannica 1910.
- 1 2 3 Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Peru", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/loc.ark:/13960/t89g6g776 – via Hathi Trust
- ↑ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Peru". Norway: Oslo katolske bispedømme (Oslo Catholic Diocese). Retrieved 30 June 2015.
- ↑ Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 615, OL 5812502M
- 1 2 Osorio 2008.
- ↑ "Central and Southern Andes, 1400–1600 A.D." Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ↑ Antonio Rodriguez-Buckingham (1978). "Establishment, Production, and Equipment of the First Printing Press in South America". Harvard Library Bulletin. 26.
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Historic Centre of Lima". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ↑ Ralph Lee Woodward Jr. (2013) [2005], "Merchant Guilds", in Cynthia Clark Northrup (ed.), Encyclopedia of World Trade, Routledge, ISBN 9780765682680
- ↑ Marks 2004.
- 1 2 "South America, 1600–1800 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Marley 2005.
- 1 2 3 "Peru Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 16 October 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ↑ Sergio Chaparro-Univazo (2011), "Peru", Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences (3rd ed.), Taylor & Francis(subscription required)
- 1 2 3 4 Townsend 1867.
- ↑ "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- 1 2 3 García-Bryce 2003.
- 1 2 Robert Wedgeworth, ed. (1993). "Peru". World Encyclopedia of Library and Information Services. American Library Association. p. 655+. ISBN 978-0-8389-0609-5.
- ↑ William Gervase Clarence-Smith (2003). Cocoa and Chocolate, 1765-1914. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-60778-5.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Carnegie Institution 1908.
- ↑ Christine Hunefeldt (2004). "Chronology". A Brief History of Peru. Facts on File. ISBN 978-1-4381-0828-5.
- ↑ Yori 1990.
- 1 2 David Pino (ed.). "Lima La Única (blog)" (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ↑ Parker 1992.
- ↑ "Peru". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
- ↑ "La ANP: Historia". Anp.org.pe (in Spanish). Asociación Nacional de Periodistas del Perú. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ↑ "Garden Search: Peru". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 June 2015.
- 1 2 "Movie Theaters in Lima, Peru". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles, California: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ↑ Darra Goldstein, ed. (2015). Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-931362-4.
- ↑ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
- ↑ Tom Dunmore (2011). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.
- ↑ "Peru's African Heritage, Celebrated With Gusto", New York Times, 25 February 2004
- ↑ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ "Sister and Friendship Cities Program". USA: City of Austin. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ↑ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1995 Demographic Yearbook. New York: United Nations Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Statistics Division. 1997. pp. 262–321.
- ↑ World Health Organization (2016), Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Geneva, archived from the original on 28 March 2014
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ↑ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2016. United Nations Statistics Division. 2017.
- This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.
Bibliography
Portrait of Manuel Atanasio Fuentes, Lima historian, 19th century
in English
Published in the 18th-19th century
- Amédée-François Frézier (1735), "Description of the City of Lima", A Voyage to the South-Sea, and Along the Coasts of Chili and Peru, in the Years 1712, 1713, and 1714, London: Christian Bowyer
- Abraham Rees (1819), "Lima", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
- Richard Brookes (1820), "Lima", General Gazetteer (17th ed.), London: F.C. and J. Rivington
- David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Lima". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
- Josiah Conder (1830), "Lima", Peru and Chile, The Modern Traveller, vol. 28, London: J.Duncan
- Clements R. Markham (1856), Cuzco ... and Lima, London: Chapman and Hall, OCLC 5299560, OL 6923534M
- Manuel Atanasio Fuentes [in Spanish] (1866), Lima, London: Trübner & Co., OCLC 3435633
- Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Lima". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. Vol. 3. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064802.
- George Henry Townsend (1867), "Lima", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
- William Eleroy Curtis (1888), "Lima", The Capitals of Spanish America, New York: Harper & Bros.
Published in the 20th century
- "Lima". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Peru: Lima". Handbook of Learned Societies and Institutions: America. USA: Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1908. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5t72q98c.
- C. Reginald Enock (1908), "(City of Lima)", Peru, London: Unwin
- Alexander Garland (1908), "Lima and its Environs", Peru in 1906 and after (2nd ed.), Lima: "La Industria" Printing Office, OCLC 1353043
- "Municipal Organization in the Latin-American Capitals: Lima". Bulletin of the International Bureau of the American Republics. Washington, D.C.: International Union of American Republics. 28. May 1909. hdl:2027/uc1.31175033411615.
- Lamoureux, Andrew Jackson (1910). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). pp. 689–690.
- Charles Warren Currier (1911), "(Lima)", Lands of the Southern Cross: a Visit to South America, Washington, D.C.: Spanish-American Publication Society
- J.C. Grey (1913). "Lima". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - United States Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce (1914), "Peru: Lima", Trade Directory of South America for the Promotion of American Export Trade, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, OCLC 5821807
- Annie Smith Peck (1916), "Lima", South American Tour, New York: G.H. Doran, OCLC 4541554
- "Lure of Lima, City of the Kings", National Geographic Magazine, Washington DC, vol. 57, 1930
- Dietz, Henry. Poverty and problem-solving under military rule: the urban poor in Lima, Peru. Austin : University of Texas Press, 1980. ISBN 0-292-76460-X
- David S. Parker (1992). "White-Collar Lima, 1910-1929: Commercial Employees and the Rise of the Peruvian Middle Class". Hispanic American Historical Review. 72 (1): 47–72. doi:10.2307/2515947. JSTOR 2515947.
Published in the 21st century
- Ramón, Gabriel. "The script of urban surgery: Lima, 1850–1940". In Arturo Almandoz (ed.), Planning Latin America's capital cities, 1850–1950. New York: Routledge, 2002, pp. 170–192. ISBN 0-415-27265-3
- Steve J. Stein (2002). "The Case of Soccer in Early Twentieth-Century Lima". In Joseph L. Arbena; David G. LaFrance (eds.). Sport in Latin America and the Caribbean. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8420-2821-9.
- Iñigo García-Bryce (2003). "Politics by Peaceful Means: Artisan Mutual Aid Societies in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Lima, 1860-1879". The Americas. 59 (3): 325–345. doi:10.1353/tam.2003.0010. JSTOR 1008501. S2CID 144195661.
- "Lima". Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report 2003. United Nations Human Settlements Programme and University College London. 2003.
- Walker, Charles. "The upper classes and their upper stories: architecture and the aftermath of the Lima earthquake of 1746". Hispanic American Historical Review 83 (1): 53–82 (February 2003).
- Patricia H. Marks (2004). "Confronting a Mercantile Elite: Bourbon Reformers and the Merchants of Lima, 1765-1796". The Americas. 60 (4): 519–558. doi:10.1353/tam.2004.0061. JSTOR 4144490. S2CID 144468597.
- Higgins, James. Lima: a Cultural History. Oxford University Press, 2005. ISBN 0-19-517891-2
- David Marley (2005), "Lima", Historic Cities of the Americas, vol. 1, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, pp. 796+, ISBN 1576070271
- Alejandra B. Osorio (2008). Inventing Lima: Baroque modernity in Peru's south sea metropolis. Americas in the Early Modern Atlantic World. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-61248-8.
in Spanish
- Lemale, Carlos (1876). Almanaque del comercio de Lima (in Spanish).
- Mariano Felipe Paz Soldán (1877). "Lima". Diccionario geográfico estadístico del Perú (in Spanish). Imprenta del Estado.
- Guia de domicilio é industrial de Lima [Residential and Business Directory of Lima] (in Spanish). 1887.
- Alcalde, Lima (1890). Memoria de la Administracion Municipal de Lima (in Spanish).
- José Toribio Medina (July 1904). La imprenta en Lima (1584-1824) (in Spanish). Santiago de Chile – via HathiTrust.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) 1904-1907 (4 volumes of titles published in Lima, arranged chronologically) - Alejandro Yori (1990), Breve Historia de los Teatros Municipales (in Spanish), Municipalidad de Lima Metropolitana
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lima.
- Items related to Lima, various dates (via Europeana)
- Items related to Lima, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America)
12°02′36″S 77°01′42″W / 12.043333°S 77.028333°W
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