Turkish Airlines Flight 345

TC-JAP, the aircraft involved in the accident, photographed in January 1975, days before the crash.
Accident
Date	30 January 1975 (1975-01-30)
Summary	Controlled flight into terrain during go-around
Site	Sea of Marmara, Turkey 40°44′50″N 28°39′58″E / 40.7472°N 28.666°E / 40.7472; 28.666
Aircraft
Aircraft type	Fokker F28-1000 Fellowship
Aircraft name	Bursa
Operator	Turkish Airlines
Registration	TC-JAP
Flight origin	Izmir Cumaovası Airport, Izmir, Turkey
Destination	Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport, Istanbul, Turkey
Occupants	42
Passengers	38
Crew	4
Fatalities	42
Survivors	0

Accident location shown with a cross within the Marmara region

Turkish Airlines Flight 345 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight operated by a Fokker F28-1000 Fellowship from Izmir Cumaovası Airport to Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport that crashed into the Sea of Marmara on 30 January 1975 during approach. It was the second worst accident involving a Fokker F28 and third deadliest aviation accident in Turkey at that time.

Background

The aircraft operating Flight 345 was a Fokker F28-1000 Fellowship with manufacturer serial number 11058, and made its first flight in 1972. Since then, it had accumulated 3713 flying hours in 5062 flight cycles. Flight 345 took off from Izmir Cumaovası Airport at around 18:00 EET (20:00 UTC) for a 40-minute flight to Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport with 38 passengers and 4 crew members on board.^[1][2]

Accident

At 18:39, the aircraft touched down on the runway at Istanbul Yeşilköy Airport, but an electrical power failure at the airport at that moment forced the crew to initiate a missed approach. Twenty-two seconds after the failure, the emergency generator restored the runway lights. The pilot elected to remain VFR at an altitude of under 240 metres (790 ft). At 18:43, the crew asked for permission to land while positioning for another approach. Because another aircraft was about to take off, air traffic control ordered Flight 345 to fly an extended downwind leg. When, at 18:53, air traffic control attempted to establish contact with Flight 345, it received no response.^[1]

It was determined that the aircraft crashed into the Sea of Marmara, although the wreckage was not located until several years later.^[3]

Recovery

The relatives of the victims continuously demanded, without success, the recovery of the wreckage and the bodies of the victims from the sea floor.^[3] A 3 by 3 m (9.8 by 9.8 ft) 200 kg (440 lb) portion from the rear fuselage with five window frames was recovered on March 17, 2009, by shrimp trawling fishermen off the Avcılar-Florya coast. The wreckage was handed over to Turkish Airlines after inspection by Stuart Kline, an American historian of aviation living in Turkey.^[4][5]

References