Union for the Homeland
Unión por la Patria
LeadersCristina Fernández de Kirchner
Sergio Massa
Juan Grabois
Senate leaderJosé Mayans
Chamber of Deputies leaderGermán Martínez
Founded14 June 2023 (2023-06-14)
Preceded byFrente de Todos
IdeologyPeronism[1]
Factions:
Kirchnerism[1]
Federal Peronism[2]
Political positionCentre[3] to centre-left[4]
Colours  Blue   White   Yellow
(Argentine national colours)
SloganLa patria sos vos. Vamos a defenderla.
("You are the Homeland. Let's defend it.")[5]
Chamber of Deputies
102 / 257
Senate
33 / 72
Governors
8 / 24
Website
porlapatria.org

The Union for the Homeland (Spanish: Unión por la Patria, UP) is a centre-left[6] political and electoral coalition of Peronist political parties in Argentina, formed to compete in the 2023 general election.[7] The coalition is a successor to the previous Frente de Todos coalition, whose candidate in the 2019 presidential election, Alberto Fernández, was successfully elected President of Argentina.[8]

The coalition is centered on the ruling Justicialist Party and its allies both on the federal and provincial levels, including the Renewal Front of Sergio Massa, who was the coalition's candidate for president in the 2023 presidential election.[9][10]

History

Background

In the run-up to the 2019 presidential election, the Kirchnerist faction of the Justicialist Party arranged for the establishment of a common Peronist electoral front. This project ultimately materialized with the formation of the Frente de Todos coalition, which comprised the Justicialist majority along with a number of other parties of the political left and centre. This alliance was itself a successor to both the short-lived Citizen's Unity bloc formed for the 2017 midterm elections as well as the Front for Victory, which served as the political instrument of the Kirchnerist political camp between 2003 and 2017. The alliance presented Alberto Fernández as its sole candidate in the 2019 presidential primaries, in which he secured just under 48% of the vote. In the subsequent general election, Fernández again garnered 48% of the vote, against the 40% of incumbent president Mauricio Macri of the Juntos por el Cambio coalition, ousting the sitting administration and returning the Peronists to power after four years in the opposition.[11] Fernández, along with his vice president, the former President of Argentina Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, went on to govern the country for the ensuing four-year period. Halfway through this term, the Frente de Todos coalition suffered a significant defeat in the 2021 Argentine legislative election, losing seats in both the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, and thereby losing control of Congress for the first time in nearly 40 years.[12]

2023 election

In April 2023, President Alberto Fernandez announced that he would not seek re-election in the next presidential election.[13] In the primary elections on August of that year, Sergio Massa defeated Juan Grabois by a margin of nearly 16 percentage points, although it became the worst result for a ruling Peronist coalition since the PASO was first implemented in 2009.[10]

In the runoff in November 2023, Libertarian candidate Javier Milei defeated Massa with 55.7% against 44,35% of the vote, the highest percentage of the vote since Argentina's transition to democracy. Massa conceded defeat shortly before the official results were published.[14][15]

Ideology

Union for the Homeland is a peronist[16] coalition, along with its internal currents, federal peronism[17] and kirchnerism.[18] It also includes communist[19] factions, left-wing and also right-wing populists;[20][21] conservative,[22] catholic[23] and progressive ones.[24] It is a broad alliance that ranges from the center-right[25] to leftist positions.[26]

Member parties

Party Leader Ideology
Justicialist Party Alberto Fernández Peronism
Renewal Front[27] Sergio Massa Federal Peronism
Syncretism
Party of Culture, Education and Labour Hugo Moyano Peronism
Labourism
Federal Commitment Alberto Rodríguez Saá Federal Peronism
Kolina Alicia Kirchner Kirchnerism
Victory Party Diana Conti Social democracy
Kirchnerism
New Encounter Martín Sabbatella Progressivism
Somos Victoria Donda Socialist feminism
Proyecto Sur Jorge Selser Progressivism[28]
Broad Front Adriana Puiggrós Kirchnerism
Social democracy
Peronism
Solidary Party Carlos Heller Co-operatism
Socialism
Popular Unity Víctor De Gennaro Socialism of the 21st century
Left-wing nationalism
National Alfonsinist Movement Leopoldo Moreau Social democracy
K Radicalism[29]
FORJA Gustavo Fernando López Social democracy
K Radicalism[30]
Communist Party Victor Kot Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Guevarism
Communist Party (Extraordinary Congress) Pablo Pereyra Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Revolutionary Communist Party Juan Carlos Alderete Communism
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Intransigent Party Enrique Gustavo Cardesa Democratic socialism
Patria Grande Front Juan Grabois Socialism of the 21st century
Feminism
Kirchnerism[31]
La patria de los comunes Emilio Pérsico Kirchnerism[32]
Protector Political Force[33] José Luis Ramón Social democracy
Conservative People's Party[34] Marco Michelli Conservatism

References

  1. 1 2 Benavides, Sofía (2023-08-02). "Unión por la Patria: cuál es el origen de la coalición y quién la compone". CNN (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-12-10.
  2. ↑ Sourtech. "Elecciones de Argentina 2023: del hartazgo al miedo hubo un(a) PASO - El Economista". eleconomista.com.ar (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-12-10.
  3. ↑ Lake, Tom; Lewis, Jack. "MINI POLITICAL RISK ANALYSIS-Argentina PASO Preview" (PDF). Market News.
  4. ↑ "Ministro de Economía será el candidato del oficialismo a la presidencia de Argentina". France 24. 2023-06-24. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  5. ↑ "Uno por uno, todos los spots de campaña de los precandidatos a Presidente". www.cronista.com (in Spanish). 2023-07-31. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
  6. ↑ "Ministro de Economía será el candidato del oficialismo a la presidencia de Argentina". France 24. 2023-06-24. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  7. ↑ "Elecciones Argentina 2023: "Unión por la Patria" es el nuevo nombre del Frente de Todos". Página12 (in Spanish). 14 June 2023.
  8. ↑ "Argentine incumbent Mauricio Macri concedes defeat in presidential vote". CNBC. 27 October 2019.
  9. ↑ Múgica Díaz, Joaquín (14 June 2023). "Unión por la Patria es el nuevo nombre elegido por el Frente de Todos para las elecciones". Infobae (in Spanish).
  10. 1 2 Goñi, Uki (2023-08-14). "Far-right outsider takes shock lead in Argentina primary election". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-08-14.
  11. ↑ Watson, Katy (28 October 2019). "Argentina election: Centre-left Alberto Fernández wins presidency". BBC.
  12. ↑ Bronstein, Hugh; Misculin, Nicolás (15 November 2021). "Argentina's Peronists on the ropes after bruising midterm defeat". Reuters.
  13. ↑ "Argentina's President Fernandez will not seek re-election". Al-Jazeera. 21 April 2023.
  14. ↑ "Balotaje 2023, en vivo: los resultados y las noticias minuto a minuto de las elecciones". LA NACION (in Spanish). 19 November 2023. Archived from the original on 19 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  15. ↑ Tagliabúe, Leonardo (19 November 2023). "Contundente triunfo de Javier Milei: será el próximo presidente de la Argentina". Infobae (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 20 November 2023. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
  16. ↑ Benavides, Sofía (2023-08-02). "Unión por la Patria: cuál es el origen de la coalición y quién la compone". CNN (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  17. ↑ Sourtech. "Elecciones de Argentina 2023: del hartazgo al miedo hubo un(a) PASO - El Economista". eleconomista.com.ar (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  18. ↑ "Adiós Frente de Todos: ahora el kirchnerismo se llama "Unión por la Patria"". Perfil (in Spanish). 2023-06-14. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  19. ↑ "Jorge Kreyness: "Estamos en Unión por la Patria porque no somos una izquierda sectaria"". CNN (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  20. ↑ "The Hard Right Is Ascendant in Argentina". jacobin.com. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  21. ↑ "¿Qué representa la candidatura de Massa a la presidencia argentina?". El Economista.
  22. ↑ Katz, Claudio (2023-09-02). "Los dilemas de la izquierda ante las elecciones argentinas". Jacobin Revista (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  23. ↑ "Juan Grabois: 'Massa is my internal rival but my political enemies are Bullrich and Morales' | Buenos Aires Times". www.batimes.com.ar. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  24. ↑ "What Do Young Libertarians Think about Argentina's Javier Milei?". National Review. 2023-08-21. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  25. ↑ Molina, Federico Rivas (2023-11-18). "Sergio Massa, el político incombustible". El País Argentina (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  26. ↑ "Jorge Kreyness: "Estamos en Unión por la Patria porque no somos una izquierda sectaria"". CNN (in Spanish). Retrieved 2023-12-14.
  27. ↑ "El PJ apoya la fórmula Alberto Fernández-Cristina Kirchner: "La unidad es el camino"".
  28. ↑ "Proyecto Sur. Movimiento político, social y cultural". 30 June 2009. Archived from the original on 30 June 2009 – via proyecto-sur.org.
  29. ↑ "El ascenso de Moreau, la nueva figura del universo kirchnerista". 16 August 2017.
  30. ↑ Arias, Mariela (17 June 2019). "Tierra del Fuego: Melella se impuso a Bertone en primera vuelta". La Nación.
  31. ↑ "Un frente antineoliberal". Página/12 (in Spanish). 27 October 2018. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  32. ↑ "Los Movimientos sociales lanzaron el partido La Patria de los Comunes: críticas al Gobierno y respaldo a CFK" [Social movements started the party "La patria de los comunes": criticism to the government and support to CFK] (in Spanish). TN. March 17, 2023. Retrieved March 20, 2023.
  33. ↑ Mozetic, Daniela (14 July 2021). "Mendoza: Frente de Todos sumó a José Luis Ramón y quiere encabezar la lista de diputados". Perfil (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  34. ↑ "Quiénes son los 'dueños' de los 16 partidos que integran UP, Unión por la Patria". Memo (in Spanish). 16 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
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