Vancouver Centre
British Columbia electoral district
Vancouver Centre in relation to other electoral districts in the Vancouver area
Federal electoral district
LegislatureHouse of Commons
MP
 
 		 
Hedy Fry
Liberal
District created1914
First contested1917
Last contested2021
District webpageprofile, map
Demographics
Population (2021)[1]126,995
Electors (2021)91,276
Area (km²)[2]11.20
Pop. density (per km²)11,338.8
Census division(s)Metro Vancouver
Census subdivision(s)Vancouver

Vancouver Centre (French: Vancouver-Centre) is a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1917. It is the riding with the biggest Japanese community in Canada. As per the 2021 census, 2.4% of the population of Vancouver-Centre is Japanese.[3]

Geography

The riding includes the neighbourhoods of Yaletown, the West End, Coal Harbour, Downtown Vancouver, western Strathcona, eastern Kitsilano, and False Creek South. The heavily urbanized electoral district is by far the most densely populated in Western Canada, with most of its residents living in mid and high rise apartments. The riding has a diverse, multi-generational demographic.

Demographics

According to the Canada 2021 Census
  • Languages (2021 mother tongue) : 55.2% English, 4.8% Mandarin, 4.6% Iranian Persian, 4% Spanish, 2.9% Yue, 2.5% French, 2.5% Korean, 1.9% Russian, 1.8% Portuguese, 1.7% Japanese, 1% German[4]
Panethnic groups in Vancouver Centre (2011−2021)
Panethnic
group		 2021[5] 2016[6] 2011[7]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
European[lower-alpha 1] 70,670 56.77% 71,345 62.48% 65,120 64.45%
East Asian[lower-alpha 2] 21,985 17.66% 19,505 17.08% 17,065 16.89%
Middle Eastern[lower-alpha 3] 8,455 6.79% 6,680 5.85% 5,765 5.71%
South Asian 6,275 5.04% 4,150 3.63% 2,990 2.96%
Latin American 5,650 4.54% 3,460 3.03% 2,605 2.58%
Southeast Asian[lower-alpha 4] 4,265 3.43% 3,520 3.08% 3,470 3.43%
Indigenous 2,615 2.1% 2,305 2.02% 1,740 1.72%
African 1,730 1.39% 1,300 1.14% 1,005 0.99%
Other[lower-alpha 5] 2,825 2.27% 1,930 1.69% 1,275 1.26%
Total responses 124,475 98.02% 114,190 98.07% 101,040 98.59%
Total population 126,995 100% 116,443 100% 102,480 100%
Notes: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses.
Demographics based on 2012 Canadian federal electoral redistribution riding boundaries.

History

The electoral district was created in 1914 from parts of Vancouver City riding.

Canada's longest-serving female member of Parliament (MP), Hedy Fry, has represented Vancouver Centre since 1993. Another high-profile MP was Kim Campbell, who served as Prime Minister for 132 days before being defeated by Fry.

The 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution concluded that the electoral boundaries of Vancouver Centre should be adjusted, and a modified electoral district of the same name will be contested in future elections.[8] The redefined Vancouver Centre loses a portion of its current territory from its southern end to the new district of Vancouver Granville. These new boundaries were legally defined in the 2013 representation order, which came into effect upon the call of the 42nd Canadian federal election, scheduled for October 2015.[9]

Members of Parliament

This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

Parliament Years Member Party
Vancouver Centre
Riding created from Vancouver City
13th  1917–1921     Henry Herbert Stevens Government (Unionist)
14th  1921–1925     Conservative
15th  1925–1926
16th  1926–1930
17th  1930–1935     Ian Alistair Mackenzie Liberal
18th  1935–1940
19th  1940–1945
20th  1945–1948
 1948–1949     Rodney Young Co-operative Commonwealth
21st  1949–1953     Ralph Campney Liberal
22nd  1953–1957
23rd  1957–1958     Douglas Jung Progressive Conservative
24th  1958–1962
25th  1962–1963     John Robert Nicholson Liberal
26th  1963–1965
27th  1965–1968
28th  1968–1972 Ron Basford
29th  1972–1974
30th  1974–1979
31st  1979–1980 Art Phillips
32nd  1980–1984     Pat Carney Progressive Conservative
33rd  1984–1988
34th  1988–1993 Kim Campbell
35th  1993–1997     Hedy Fry Liberal
36th  1997–2000
37th  2000–2004
38th  2004–2006
39th  2006–2008
40th  2008–2011
41st  2011–2015
42nd  2015–2019
43rd  2019–2021
44th  2021–present

Current Member of Parliament

Its current Member of Parliament is Hedy Fry, a former physician. She was first elected in 1993, and is a member of the Liberal Party of Canada.

Election results

Graph of election results in Vancouver Centre (minor parties that never got 2% of the vote or didn't run consistently are omitted)
2021 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalHedy Fry20,87340.44-1.74$87,773.26
New DemocraticBreen Ouellette15,86930.74+7.00$80,950.83
ConservativeHarry Cockell11,16221.62+2.35$20,505.00
GreenAlaric Paivarinta2,0303.93-8.59$8,967.42
People'sTaylor Singleton-Fookes1,6833.27+1.98$3,574.44
Total valid votes/expense limit 51,61799.19–$119,443.50
Total rejected ballots 4220.81+0.16
Turnout 52,03957.01-4.04
Eligible voters 91,276
Liberal hold Swing -4.37
Source: Elections Canada[10][11]
2019 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalHedy Fry23,59942.18-13.90$90,613.92
New DemocraticBreen Ouellette13,28023.74+3.72$35,726.92
ConservativeDavid Cavey10,78219.27+2.36$32,539.03
GreenJesse Brown7,00212.52+6.71$28,503.30
People'sLouise Kierans7241.29–$4,907.84
LibertarianJohn Clarke3790.68-0.38$0.00
IndependentLily Bowman1420.25–none listed
IndependentImtiaz Popat380.07–$0.00
Total valid votes/expense limit 55,94699.35
Total rejected ballots 3640.65+0.22
Turnout 56,31061.05-4.85
Eligible voters 92,243
Liberal hold Swing -8.81
Source: Elections Canada[12][13]
2015 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalHedy Fry32,55456.08+25.06$126,090.21
New DemocraticConstance Barnes11,61820.01-6.34$102,184.82
ConservativeElaine Allan9,81816.91-9.14$84,492.99
GreenLisa Barrett3,3705.81-9.27$45,728.01
LibertarianJohn Clarke6141.06+0.53–
Marxist–LeninistMichael Hill740.13+0.02–
Total valid votes/expense limit 58,04899.58 $224,575.59
Total rejected ballots 2470.42–
Turnout 58,29565.89–
Eligible voters 88,470
Liberal hold Swing +15.70
Source: Elections Canada[14][15]
2011 federal election redistributed results[16]
Party Vote  %
  Liberal12,89431.02
  New Democratic10,95226.35
  Conservative10,82826.05
  Green6,26715.08
  Others6221.50
2011 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalHedy Fry18,26031.03-3.47
New DemocraticKaren Shillington15,32526.04+4.73
ConservativeJennifer Clarke15,32326.04+0.95
GreenAdriane Carr9,08915.44-2.87
LibertarianJohn Clarke3130.53-0.07
Progressive CanadianMichael Huenefeld2850.48–
PirateTravis McCrea1920.33–
Marxist–LeninistMichael Hill620.11-0.05
Total valid votes 58,849100.0  
Total rejected ballots 1340.23
Turnout 58,98359.23
Eligible voters 99,527
Liberal hold Swing -4.10
2008 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalHedy Fry19,50634.50-9.37$80,974
ConservativeLorne Mayencourt14,18825.09+4.73$91,239
New DemocraticMichael Byers12,04721.31-7.34$85,957
GreenAdriane Carr10,35418.31+12.43$82,713
LibertarianJohn Clarke3400.60+0.07$0
Marxist–LeninistMichael Hill940.16
Total valid votes/expense limit 56,529100.0   $94,404
Liberal hold Swing -7.05
2006 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalHedy Fry25,01343.80+3.50$77,826
New DemocraticSvend Robinson16,37428.67-3.62$84,170
ConservativeTony Fogarassy11,68420.46+1.26$86,591
GreenJared Evans3,3405.84-0.94$1,008
LibertarianJohn Clarke3040.53-0.04
MarijuanaHeathCliff Dion Campbell2590.45–$115
Christian HeritageJoe Pal1300.22-0.24$389
Total valid votes 57,104100.0  
Total rejected ballots 1630.28-0.15
Turnout 57,26762.06+0.59
Liberal hold Swing +3.56
2004 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalHedy Fry21,28040.30-2.00$66,619
New DemocraticKennedy Stewart17,05032.29+20.25$57,675
ConservativeGary Mitchell10,13919.20-18.70$73,789
GreenRobbie Mattu3,5806.78+2.85$2,440
LibertarianJohn Clarke3040.57–$60
Christian HeritageJoe Pal2430.46–$389
Canadian ActionAlexander Frei1010.19-1.08$100
CommunistKimball Cariou960.18+0.01$389
Total valid votes 52,793100.0  
Total rejected ballots 2260.43-0.05
Turnout 53,01961.470.97
Liberal hold Swing -11.12
Change for the Conservatives is based on the combined totals of the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservatives.
2000 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalHedy Fry24,55342.30+1.54$69,017
AllianceJohn Mortimer15,17626.14+3.56$68,158
New DemocraticScott Robertson6,99312.04-8.83$8,841
Progressive ConservativeLee Johnson6,82811.76+2.52$4,047
GreenJamie Lee Hamilton2,2853.93+0.93$3,945
MarijuanaMarc Emery1,1161.92–
Canadian ActionJeff Jewell7421.27+0.24$547
Natural LawValerie Laporte1770.30-0.12$40
CommunistKimball Cariou990.17–$189
Marxist–LeninistJoseph Theriault750.12-0.10$364
Total valid votes 58,044100.0  
Total rejected ballots 2800.48-0.05
Turnout 58,32460.50-4.22
Liberal hold Swing -1.01
Change for the Canadian Alliance is based on the Reform Party.
1997 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%Expenditures
LiberalHedy Fry20,87840.76+9.57$54,905
ReformRichard Farbridge11,56722.58+5.12$24,846
New DemocraticBill Siksay10,69020.87+5.69$27,133
Progressive ConservativeVictoria Minnes4,7369.24-15.81$43,121
GreenPaul Alexander1,5413.00+2.05$2,154
IndependentJoseph Roberts7281.42–$6,163
Canadian ActionConnie Fogal5281.03–$12,986
Natural LawJohn Cowhig2170.42-0.62
IndependentJohn Clarke1250.24–$2,687
Marxist–LeninistJoseph Theriault1160.22–$559
IndependentElvis Flostrand920.17–$699
Total valid votes 51,218100.0  
Total rejected ballots 2720.53
Turnout 51,49064.72
Liberal hold Swing +2.22
1993 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalHedy Fry19,31031.19+8.38
Progressive ConservativeKim Campbell15,51025.05-12.19
ReformIan Isbister10,80817.46+16.08
New DemocraticBetty Baxter9,39715.18-21.63
NationalThorsten Ewald4,9497.99–
Natural LawJohn Cowhig6431.04–
GreenImtiaz Popat5860.95+0.14
Christian HeritageDarren Lowe2420.39–
LibertarianTunya Audain2200.36+0.11
IndependentBrian Godzilla Gnu Salmi1140.18–
IndependentScott Adams830.13-0.07
Commonwealth of CanadaLucille Boikoff250.04–
IndependentPeter C. Nuthall240.04–
Total valid votes 61,911100.0  
Liberal gain from Progressive Conservative Swing +10.28
1988 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativeKim Campbell23,62037.24-5.99
New DemocraticJohanna den Hertog23,35136.81+4.38
LiberalTex Enemark14,46722.81+1.59
ReformPaula Folkard8761.38–
GreenMurray Gudmundson5140.81-0.25
RhinocerosBob Nitestalker Colebrook2620.41-0.56
LibertarianDuane H. Pye1560.25-0.38
IndependentScott Adams1250.20–
IndependentDorothy-Jean O'Donnell580.09–
Total valid votes 63,429100.0  
Progressive Conservative hold Swing -5.18
1984 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativePat Carney21,70443.23+7.96
New DemocraticJohanna den Hertog16,28332.43+0.66
LiberalPaul E. Manning10,65421.22-10.20
GreenPaul Watson5331.06+0.95
RhinocerosDanny Tripper Parro4870.97+0.25
LibertarianPaul A. Geddes3160.63–
CommunistMaurice Rush1350.27-0.16
Confederation of RegionsPoldi Meindl980.20–
Total valid votes 50,210100.0  
Progressive Conservative hold Swing +3.65
1980 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativePat Carney16,46235.27+0.84
New DemocraticRon Johnson14,83031.77+1.80
LiberalArt Phillips14,66731.42-3.22
RhinocerosDavid J. Longworth3370.72–
CommunistJack Phillips2000.43+0.18
IndependentJohn Elliot1010.22-0.38
IndependentPaul Watson540.12–
Marxist–LeninistGreg Corcoran240.05-0.06
Total valid votes 46,675100.0  
Progressive Conservative gain from Liberal Swing -0.48
1979 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalArt Phillips15,43034.64-7.09
Progressive ConservativePat Carney15,33534.43-3.10
New DemocraticRon Johnson13,35029.97+10.58
IndependentJohn Elliot2670.60–
CommunistBert Ogden1110.25-0.22
Marxist–LeninistGreg Corcoran480.11-0.20
Total valid votes 44,541100.0  
Liberal hold Swing -2.00
1974 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalRon Basford19,06441.74+0.39
Progressive ConservativeDoug Davis17,14337.53+7.27
New DemocraticRon Johnson8,85919.39-7.26
Social CreditWalter Muller2570.56-0.79
CommunistBetty Greenwell2130.47–
Marxist–LeninistCharles Shrybman1410.31–
Total valid votes 45,677100.0  
Liberal hold Swing -3.44
1972 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalRon Basford19,34141.35-14.75
Progressive ConservativeJohn McDonald14,15630.26+11.89
New DemocraticRon K. Johnson12,47026.66+2.05
Social CreditNicholas Zambus6321.35–
IndependentArnold August770.16–
IndependentRay Dodge550.12–
IndependentDaniel Ivan Fedoruk460.10–
Total valid votes 46,777100.0  
Liberal hold Swing -13.32
1968 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalRon Basford25,42656.10+16.02
New DemocraticWilliam Deverell11,15124.60+1.54
Progressive ConservativeDavid W. Kilgour8,32618.37-9.43
RepublicanGerard Guejon[17]4200.93–
Total valid votes 45,323100.0  
Liberal hold Swing +7.24
1965 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalJack R. Nicholson9,00840.08+0.75
Progressive ConservativeDouglas Jung6,24827.80-2.73
New DemocraticLyle Kristiansen5,18423.07-1.13
Social CreditWilliam John McIntyre1,8068.04+2.10
Independent Social CreditJames B. Wisbey2281.01–
Total valid votes 22,474100.0  
Liberal hold Swing +1.74
1963 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalJack R. Nicholson9,47239.33+3.73
Progressive ConservativeDouglas Jung7,35330.53-0.94
New DemocraticMargaret Erickson5,82624.19+0.54
Social CreditBevis Walters1,4305.94-2.29
Total valid votes 24,081100.0  
Liberal hold Swing +2.34
1962 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalJack R. Nicholson7,69735.61+18.43
Progressive ConservativeDouglas Jung6,80331.47-29.95
New DemocraticMargaret Erickson5,11323.65+9.73
Social CreditF. George J. Hahn1,7798.23+3.60
IndependentBurton V. White2241.04–
Total valid votes 21,616100.0  
Liberal gain from Progressive Conservative Swing +24.19
Change for the New Democrats is based on the Co-operative Commonwealth.
1958 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativeDouglas Jung14,04461.43+19.92
LiberalLyon Ward3,92717.18-7.29
Co-operative CommonwealthAlan Judge3,18313.92+3.80
Social CreditCyril White1,0594.63-16.87
Labor–ProgressiveMaurice Rush6502.84+0.43
Total valid votes 22,863100.0  
Progressive Conservative hold Swing +13.60
1957 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Progressive ConservativeDouglas Jung9,08741.50+32.86
LiberalRalph Campney5,35724.47-16.37
Social CreditCyril White4,70721.50-2.96
Co-operative CommonwealthWilliam James Dennison2,21610.12-12.21
Labor–ProgressiveMaurice Rush5282.41-1.33
Total valid votes 21,895100.0  
Progressive Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +24.62
1953 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalRalph Campney8,25940.83-1.73
Social CreditLeslie R. Peterson4,94624.45–
Co-operative CommonwealthRodney Young4,51622.33-4.05
Progressive ConservativeWendell Willard Wright1,7498.65-16.02
Labor–ProgressiveErnest Lawrie7563.74-0.20
Total valid votes 20,226100.0  
Liberal hold Swing -13.09
1949 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalRalph Campney10,29942.56+8.90
Co-operative CommonwealthRodney Young6,38226.37-17.22
Progressive ConservativeHenry Herbert Stevens5,97024.67+1.93
Labor–ProgressiveMaurice Rush9523.93–
IndependentHarold Meade Young5952.46–
Total valid votes 24,198100.0  
Liberal gain from Co-operative Commonwealth Swing +13.06
Canadian federal by-election, 8 June 1948
On Ian Mackenzie being called to the Senate, 19 January 1948
Party Candidate Votes%±%
Co-operative CommonwealthRodney Young9,51843.60+16.27
LiberalRalph Campney7,34833.66+3.90
Progressive ConservativeHilliard Lyle Jestley4,96522.74-3.73
Total valid votes 21,831100.0  
Co-operative Commonwealth gain from Liberal Swing +6.18
1945 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalIan Alistair Mackenzie9,95929.76-9.39
Co-operative CommonwealthGeorge Alfred Isherwood9,14527.33+0.06
Progressive ConservativeErnest Garfield Sherwood8,85926.47-3.75
Labor–ProgressiveJames Swanson Thompson3,75011.21–
Social CreditErich Charles Martin1,0423.11–
DemocraticWilliam Richard Nathaniel Smith3931.17–
Socialist LabourRobert Gordon McQuillan3190.95–
Total valid votes 33,467100.0  
Liberal hold Swing -4.72
1940 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalIan Alistair Mackenzie12,10039.15+5.10
National GovernmentErnest Garfield Sherwood9,33830.22+7.16
Co-operative CommonwealthWallis Walter Lefeaux8,42727.27-6.18
IndependentPaul McDowell Kerr6302.04–
NationalistNorman Lee Glozier4081.32–
Total valid votes 30,903100.0  
Liberal hold Swing -1.03
1935 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalIan Alistair Mackenzie7,65834.05-20.57
Co-operative CommonwealthWallis Walter Lefeaux7,52233.45–
ConservativeErnest Garfield Sherwood5,18723.06-22.32
ReconstructionLilette Julia Caroline Mahon1,8728.32–
SocialistJohn David Taylor2511.12–
Total valid votes 22,490100.0  
Liberal hold Swing -27.01
1930 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
LiberalIan Alistair Mackenzie12,06454.62+10.78
ConservativeHenry Herbert Stevens10,02345.38-8.06
Total valid votes 22,087100.0  
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +9.42
1926 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
ConservativeHenry Herbert Stevens10,32653.44+4.96
LiberalDugald Donaghy8,47143.84+1.42
LabourEugene Thorton Kingsley5272.73-6.38
Total valid votes 19,324100.0  
Conservative hold Swing +1.77
1925 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
ConservativeHenry Herbert Stevens9,45848.47-10.03
LiberalGerald Grattan McGeer8,27742.42+11.54
LabourWallis Walter Lefeaux1,7779.11–
Total valid votes 19,512100.0  
Conservative hold Swing -10.78
1921 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%±%
ConservativeHenry Herbert Stevens10,49358.50-9.24
LiberalRobert Henry Gale5,53830.88+3.51
IndependentThomas O'Connor1,86610.40–
ProgressiveCadwallader Flagg Batson390.22–
Total valid votes 17,936100.0  
Conservative hold Swing -6.38
1917 Canadian federal election: Vancouver Centre
Party Candidate Votes%
Government (Unionist)Henry Herbert Stevens13,72267.74
Opposition (Laurier Liberals)William Wallace Burns McInnes5,54327.36
LabourWilliam Arthur Pritchard9924.90
Total valid votes 20,257100.0  
This riding was created from parts of Vancouver City, where Conservative Henry Herbert Stevens was the incumbent.

Student Vote Results

2019

2019 Canadian federal election
Party Candidate Votes%
New DemocraticBreen Ouellette37637.41
GreenJesse Brown24224.08
LiberalHedy Fry19419.30
ConservativeDavid Cavey10810.75
LibertarianJohn Clarke333.28
IndependentLily Bowman313.08
People'sLouise Kierans212.09
IndependentImtiaz Popat00.0
Total valid votes/expense limit 1,005100.0
Source: Student Vote Canada[18][19]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
  2. ↑ Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
  3. ↑ Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
  4. ↑ Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
  5. ↑ Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.

References

  • "Vancouver Centre (federal electoral district) (Code 59029) Census Profile". 2011 census. Government of Canada - Statistics Canada. Retrieved March 6, 2011.
  1. ↑ Statistics Canada: 2022
  2. ↑ Statistics Canada: 2022
  3. ↑ "Census Profile, 2021 Census, Statistics Canada - Validation Error".
  4. ↑ "Mother Tongue for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada, Provinces and Territories and Federal Electoral Districts (2013 Representation Order), 2021 Census". December 15, 2022.
  5. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 26, 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved February 16, 2023.
  6. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 27, 2021). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved February 16, 2023.
  7. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (November 27, 2015). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved February 16, 2023.
  8. ↑ Final Report – British Columbia
  9. ↑ Timeline for the Redistribution of Federal Electoral Districts
  10. ↑ "Confirmed candidates — Vancouver Centre". Elections Canada. September 1, 2021. Retrieved September 6, 2021.
  11. ↑ "Candidate Campaign Returns". Elections Canada. Retrieved July 19, 2022.
  12. ↑ "List of confirmed candidates". Elections Canada. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
  13. ↑ "Official Voting Results". Elections Canada. Retrieved August 8, 2021.
  14. ↑ Elections Canada – Confirmed candidates for Vancouver Centre, 30 September 2015
  15. ↑ Elections Canada – Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates
  16. ↑ Pundits' Guide to Canadian Elections
  17. ↑ Vancouver Sun, June 26, 1968, "Republicans Claim Win", p. 15
  18. ↑ "List of confirmed candidates". Elections Canada. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
  19. ↑ "Official Voting Results". Student Vote Canada. Retrieved August 27, 2021.

49°17′N 123°07′W / 49.28°N 123.12°W / 49.28; -123.12

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