Wąsosz
Market Square (Rynek) in Wąsosz
Market Square (Rynek) in Wąsosz
Coat of arms of Wąsosz
Coat of arms
Wąsosz is located in Poland
Wąsosz
Wąsosz
Coordinates: 51°33′N 16°42′E / 51.550°N 16.700°E / 51.550; 16.700
Country Poland
VoivodeshipLower Silesian
CountyGóra
GminaWąsosz
Town rights1290
Government
 • MayorPaweł Niedźwiedź
Area
 • Total3.24 km2 (1.25 sq mi)
Highest elevation
100 m (300 ft)
Lowest elevation
80 m (260 ft)
Population
 (2019-06-30[1])
 • Total2,662
 • Density820/km2 (2,100/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
56-210
Vehicle registrationDGR
National roads
Websitehttp://wasosz.eu/

Wąsosz [ˈvɔ̃sɔʂ] (formerly German: Herrnstadt) is a town in Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in western Poland. It is the seat of the administrative district (gmina) called Gmina Wąsosz. It lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Góra, and 53 kilometres (33 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław. The rivers Orla and Barycz meet here.

As of 2019, the town had a population of 2,662.

History

Piast Castle in Wąsosz

Wąsosz dates back to the medieval Piast-ruled Kingdom of Poland and its name is of Polish origin. Following the fragmentation of Poland into smaller provincial duchies, Wąsosz initially formed part of Greater Poland before it passed to Silesia,[2][3] and later the Duchy of Głogów. It was granted town rights by Henry III, Duke of Głogów[4] in 1290. It was part of the Duchy of Głogów of fragmented Poland and in the 14th century the local castle of the Piast dukes was built.[4] The castle was unsuccessfully besieged by the Hussites in 1432. In 1520 Wąsosz passed to the bishops of Wrocław and in 1525 it passed again under Piast rule as part of the Duchy of Legnica.[4]

After the dissolution of the duchy in 1675, the town became part of Habsburg-ruled Bohemia, in the 18th century it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia. With the Prussian-led Unification of Germany, it became part of Germany in 1871 and was located in the Guhrau district in the Prussian Province of Silesia and later in the Province of Lower Silesia. During World War II, in 1943, the Germans established a camp for Polish children up to 5 years of age, who were deemed "racially worthless", and whose mothers were deported to forced labour camps in Lower Silesia.[5] At least 485 Polish children passed through the camp, and due to its terrible sanitary conditions many died and the bodies were transported in wheelbarrows to the local cemetery.[5] Only 39 children survived until the liberation of the camp.[5] Local pastor Paul Tillmann rescued these children when, during the German evacuation the camp, he opposed the idea of blowing up the building with the children, and looked after them until the town was liberated.[5] Towards the end of the war, the town was captured by the Soviet Red Army, and then became again part of Poland.

References

  1. ↑ "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15. Retrieved 2020-02-14.
  2. ↑ Kodeks dyplomatyczny Wielkopolski (in Polish). Vol. I. Poznań: Biblioteka Kórnicka. 1877.
  3. ↑ Kodeks dyplomatyczny Wielkopolski (in Polish). Vol. IV. Poznań: Biblioteka Kórnicka. 1881.
  4. 1 2 3 "Rys historyczny". Gmina Wąsosz (in Polish). Retrieved 8 March 2020.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Magdelena Sierocińska. "Eksterminacja "niewartościowych rasowo" dzieci polskich robotnic przymusowych na terenie III Rzeszy w świetle postępowań prowadzonych przez Oddziałową Komisję Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu w Poznaniu". Instytut Pamięci Narodowej (in Polish). Retrieved 8 March 2020.

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