Opua
Ferry between Opua and Okiato, Bay of Islands, New Zealand, with Opua in the distance
Ferry between Opua and Okiato, Bay of Islands, New Zealand, with Opua in the distance
Coordinates: 35°18′51″S 174°7′7″E / 35.31417°S 174.11861°E / -35.31417; 174.11861
CountryNew Zealand
RegionNorthland Region
DistrictFar North District
WardBay of Islands-Whangaroa Ward
Electorates
Government
 • Territorial AuthorityFar North District Council
 • Regional councilNorthland Regional Council
Area
[1]
 • Total5.62 km2 (2.17 sq mi)
Population
 (June 2023)[2]
 • Total1,290
 • Density230/km2 (590/sq mi)
House on the Water at Opua

Opua is a locality in the Bay of Islands, in the sub-tropical Northland Region of New Zealand.[3] It is notable as the first port for overseas yachts arriving in the country after crossing the Pacific Ocean. In the original 1870s plans for the town, it was named Newport.[4] The town of Paihia is nearby, and the small settlement of Te Haumi is in between.

The car ferry across the Bay of Islands, the main tourist access to Russell, runs between Opua and Okiato.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "place of the flower" for Ōpua.[5]

The Waimangaro area north-west of Opua is listed on the Ngāpuhi and Te Puni Kōkiri websites as a traditional meeting point of the Ngāpuhi hapū of Te Uri Ongaonga.[6][7][8]

Demographics

Opua, including Te Haumi to the north, covers 5.61 km2 (2.17 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 1,290 as of June 2023,[2] with a population density of 230 people per km2.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
20061,107—    
20131,008−1.33%
20181,137+2.44%
Source: [9]

Opua had a population of 1,137 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 129 people (12.8%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 30 people (2.7%) since the 2006 census. There were 495 households, comprising 558 males and 579 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.96 males per female. The median age was 56.2 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 120 people (10.6%) aged under 15 years, 108 (9.5%) aged 15 to 29, 552 (48.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 354 (31.1%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 85.5% European/Pākehā, 17.4% Māori, 2.9% Pacific peoples, 3.7% Asian, and 2.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 31.1, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 56.5% had no religion, 32.7% were Christian, 0.5% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.3% were Hindu, 0.3% were Muslim, 0.8% were Buddhist and 1.8% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 213 (20.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 126 (12.4%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $27,300, compared with $31,800 nationally. 126 people (12.4%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 429 (42.2%) people were employed full-time, 159 (15.6%) were part-time, and 24 (2.4%) were unemployed.[9]

Port of entry

Opua is New Zealand's northernmost port of entry for overseas vessels, and a Customs and Ministry for Primary Industries Place of First Arrival.[10] It is a popular destination for cruising yachts owing to its sheltered, deep water anchorage, and numerous facilities for cruisers, including the 250-berth Opua Marina, Ashby's Boatyard and Opua Cruising Club.

Railway

The Opua Branch, a branch line railway sometimes considered part of the North Auckland Line, formerly served the town. The first railway link, from Opua to Kawakawa, opened on 7 April 1884. When the North Auckland Line was completed in 1925, a thrice weekly passenger express train called the Northland Express operated directly to Opua from Auckland. In November 1956, this was replaced by a railcar service run by RM class 88 seaters, but this service terminated at the other northern terminus, Ōkaihau on the Okaihau Branch. Opua passengers thus had to use mixed trains that carried freight as well as passengers; these trains ceased on 18 June 1976 when the line became freight-only. As Opua's use as a commercial port declined, so did the freight traffic on the railway, and it was last used in 1985.[11]

The line was then leased to the Bay of Islands Vintage Railway, who have operated tourist services between Opua and Kawakawa, with a break when the Land Transport Safety Authority withdrew the line's operating licence. Part of the line in Opua is now on private land, and restoration by the vintage railway trust is proceeding.

Education

The local primary school, Opua School, is a coeducational full primary (years 1-8, with 5 classrooms) school[12] with a roll of 115 students as of April 2023.[13] The school was established in 1886. It has an open and easy-going policy of enrolling the children of overseas families mooring in the Bay for weeks or months at a time – making it a highly international school for a small community.[14]

Notable people

References

  1. 1 2 "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
  2. 1 2 "Subnational population estimates (RC, SA2), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2023 (2023 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 25 October 2023. (regional councils); "Subnational population estimates (TA, SA2), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2023 (2023 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 25 October 2023. (territorial authorities); "Subnational population estimates (urban rural), by age and sex, at 30 June 1996-2023 (2023 boundaries)". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 25 October 2023. (urban areas)
  3. ↑ "Place name detail: Opua". New Zealand Gazetteer. New Zealand Geographic Board. Retrieved 3 November 2007.
  4. ↑ Myra Larcombe, "Opua", accessed 3 November 2007.
  5. ↑ "1000 Māori place names". New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 6 August 2019.
  6. ↑ "Te Kāhui Māngai directory". tkm.govt.nz. Te Puni Kōkiri.
  7. ↑ "Ngāpuhi Marae". dev.ngapuhi.iwi.nz.
  8. ↑ "Ngāpuhi Marae" (PDF). ngapuhi-runanga.nz.
  9. 1 2 "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Opua (Far North District) (104300). 2018 Census place summary: Opua (Far North District)
  10. ↑ "Opua Marina,Bay of Islands,New Zealand,Port of Entry.htm". www.opuamarina.co.nz. Archived from the original on 6 February 2001.
  11. ↑ Geoffrey B. Churchman and Tony Hurst, Railways of New Zealand: A Journey Through History (Auckland: HarperCollins, 1991), 100.
  12. ↑ Education Counts: Opua School
  13. ↑ "New Zealand Schools Directory". New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  14. ↑ "About Our School". Opua School. Retrieved 14 April 2022.
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