Walter S. Steele (died March 3, 1962) was an American editor and publisher of The National Republic monthly magazine and an anti-communist, anti-immigration activist.[1][2][3]

Early life

Walter S. Steele was born circa 1892 in Indiana. He had two sisters and a brother.[1]

Career

Steele started his career by working for Indiana newspapers. From 1916 through 1920, he was an alderman in Muncie.[1]

National Republic magazine

Steele moved to Washington, DC, and in 1924 joined The National Republic—originally The National Republican of Muncie, published April 1925 to March 1960, which billed itself as "A National Organization Defending American Ideals and Institutions".[1][3][4] During the 1930s and 1940s, Steele "waged a determined campaign against Communists throughin his magazine" and was also seen as anti-labor tendencies and accused of being pro-NazI.[1]

Anti-communism and HUAC testimony

Steele appeared before the Dies Committee and its successor the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC).[1][5][6]

During his July 21, 1947, testimony before HUAC, Steele leveled "spectacular charges," accused hundreds of Americans as communists, and claimed to be a spokesman for "20 million patriots."[3] His testimony was "possibly the most irresponsible ever presented" to HUAC.[7] (HUAC supported him so strongly that the committee issued a 188-page, stand-alone book of his testimony in 1947.[8] In terms of timing, the testimony was most helpful to HUAC's Hollywood investigations into movie stars as famous as Charlie Chaplin - see the Hollywood Ten.[9])

On May 2, 1949, Steele spoke with Congressman Richard Nixon and HUAC research director Benjamin Mandel at a Knights of Columbus annual town hall.[10]

Anti-immigration

Opponents accused him of "having anti-labor and anti-liberal tendencies." In 1937, Steele responded with denial to an accusation of distributing pro-Nazi propaganda made before a Massachusetts legislative investigating committee.[1]

Steele served as chairman of the National Security Committee of the American Coalition of Patriotic, Civic and Fraternal Societies, founded by John B. Trevor Sr. (an American lawyer and "one of the most influential unelected officials affiliated with the U.S. Congress,"[11] even "the most influential lobbyist for restriction" of immigration,[12][13] who along with David A. Reed and Samuel Gompers shaped the Immigration Act of 1924, which established restrictive immigration quotas through 1964[14]).[1][3]

Steele was an advisory board member of the "Paul Reveres," an "anti-Semitic coterie."[3]

Personal life and death

Steele married Valerie Knoobe; they had two daughters and a son.[2][15]

Walter S. Steele died age 70 on March 2 or 3, 1962, in his Rockville, Maryland, home.[1][2]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Walter Steele, a magazine editor". New York Times. 4 March 1960. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  2. 1 2 3 "Walter S. Steele". Find a Grave. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Robert Justin Goldstein, ed. (13 May 2016). Little 'Red Scares': Anti-Communism and Political Repression in the United States, 1921-1946. Routledge. p. 243. ISBN 9781317104148. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  4. ↑ "National Republic". Library of Congress. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  5. ↑ Hubbs, Nadine (18 October 2004). The Queer Composition of America's Sound: Gay Modernists, American Music, and National Identity. University of California Press. pp. 239 (fn34). ISBN 9780520937956. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  6. ↑ Barranger, Milly S. (10 June 2008). Unfriendly Witnesses: Gender, Theater, and Film in the McCarthy Era. SIU Press. p. 91. ISBN 9780809387335. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  7. ↑ Nelson, Both (1999). Libel in News. University of Minnesota Press. p. 99. ISBN 9781452910673. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  8. ↑ Testimony of Walter S. Steele regarding Communist activities in the United States. US GPO. 21 July 1947. p. 188. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  9. ↑ Maland, Charles J. (1991). Chaplin and American Culture: The Evolution of a Star Image. Princeton University Press. p. 262. ISBN 9781452910673. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  10. ↑ "3 to speak at anti-Red rally here: Sponsored by KC". Washington Post. 1 May 1949. p. M20.
  11. ↑ Tucker, William H (2002). The Funding of Scientific Racism: Wickliffe Draper and the Pioneer Fund. University of Illinois Press, ISBN 0-252-02762-0
  12. ↑ Margo Conk. The Census, Political Power, and Social Change: The Significance of Population Growth in American History. Social Science History, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Winter, 1984), pp. 81-106
  13. ↑ Nelkin D, Michaels M. Biological categories and border controls: the revival of eugenics in anti-immigration rhetoric. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, Volume 18, Number 56, 1998, pp. 35-63(29)
  14. ↑ Trevor, John B. An Analysis of the American Immigration Act of 1924.
  15. ↑ "Patricia Steele Fuller "Patti"". Washington Post. 4 November 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
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