Wansbeck (UK Parliament constituency)

Wansbeck
Wansbeck
County constituency; for the House of Commons
	Boundary of Wansbeck in Northumberland
	Location of Northumberland within England
County	Northumberland
Electorate	62,395 (December 2010)
Major settlements	Morpeth, Ashington, Bedlington
Current constituency
Created	1983
Member of Parliament	Ian Lavery (Labour)
Seats	One
Created from	Morpeth and Blyth
1885–1950
Seats	One
Type of constituency	County constituency
Created from	South Northumberland
Replaced by	Blyth, Hexham, Morpeth and Tynemouth

Wansbeck is a constituency^{[n 1]} represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Ian Lavery, a member of the Labour Party.^{[n 2]}

Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat will be abolished once again. Morpeth will be included in the re-established constituency of North Northumberland, with the remainder of the seat forming the majority of the newly created seat of Blyth and Ashington, together with the town of Blyth from the (to be abolished) seat of Blyth Valley. The new seat will be first contested at the next general election.^[3]

History

Wansbeck was first created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 as one of four single-member Divisions of the county of Northumberland.^[4] It was abolished for the 1950 general election, when it was largely replaced by the new constituency of Blyth.

The seat was re-established for the 1983 general election, largely replacing the abolished Morpeth constituency. The new version of the seat had very little in common with the version abolished in 1950; only Newbiggin-by-the-Sea and some rural areas were in both.

Boundaries

1885-1918

The Sessional Districts of:

Bedlingtonshire
Castle East (except the parish of Wallsend)
Morpeth
Castle West (part)
Coquetdale East (part)^[4]^[5]

NB included non-resident freeholders in the parliamentary borough of Morpeth

1918–1950

The Urban Districts of Cramlington, Earsdon, Newbiggin-by-the-Sea, Newburn, Seaton Delaval, Seghill, and Whitley and Monkseaton
parts of the Rural Districts of Castle Ward, and Morpeth.^[6]

Gained Newburn and surrounding areas from the abolished Tyneside Division. Ashington transferred to Morpeth and a small area in north (Amble) transferred to Berwick-upon-Tweed.

Abolition

The contents of the constituency were distributed as follows:

rural areas around the borough of Morpeth, including Newbiggin-by-the-Sea, to Morpeth;
Seaton Valley urban district (incorporating Cramlington, Seghill, Earsdon and Seaton Delaval) to Blyth;
Whitley Bay to Tynemouth;
rural areas to the west of Newcastle upon Tyne to Hexham; and
Newburn to Newcastle upon Tyne West

1983-present

the Borough of Castle Morpeth wards of Hebron, Hepscott and Mitford, Morpeth Central, Morpeth Kirkhill, Morpeth North, Morpeth South, Morpeth Stobhill and Pegswood; and
the District of Wansbeck (comprising the wards of: Bedlington Central, Bedlington East, Bedlington West, Bothal, Central, Choppington, Guide Post, Haydon, Hurst, Newbiggin East, Newbiggin West, Park, Seaton, Sleekburn, and Stakeford).^[7]^[8]^[9]

The majority of the constituency, including Morpeth, Ashington, and Newbiggin had comprised the bulk of the abolished constituency of Morpeth. Bedlington was transferred from Blyth.

2007 boundary review

In the fifth periodic boundary review of parliamentary representation in Northumberland, which came into effect for the 2010 general election, the Boundary Commission for England recommended that no changes be made to the Wansbeck constituency.^[10]

In 2009, a government reorganisation resulted in the abolition of all local government boroughs and districts in Northumberland and the establishment of the county as a unitary authority. However, this has not affected the current constituency boundaries.

Constituency profile

Named after the River Wansbeck and former district of the same name, the seat has the visitor attractions of a historic main town with a castle, Morpeth and the traditional seaside town of Newbiggin. Workless claimants as registered jobseekers, with high male unemployment, which is widespread but exacerbated in the area, in November 2012, was higher than the national average of 3.8%, at 6.2% of the population based on a statistical compilation by The Guardian. This was marginally higher than the then regional average of 5.9%.^[11]

Political history

1885–1950

Political history

The seat alternated in accordance with the national trend in strong mining communities outside of South Yorkshire, which as such saw significant early Labour support, and, in the 1931 and 1935 elections, led to a general transfer of loyalty to the Conservative Party, ushering in a return to Labour support at the next contested election in 1945.

Prominent frontbenchers

Alfred Robens represented the area in the Attlee ministry and towards the end of the year of Attlee's more marginal victory (1950–51) served as Minister of Labour and National Service. He then in 1951 won instead the newly created Blyth seat to the immediate south. In 1955 he became Shadow Foreign Secretary until an unimpressive performance in predicting and reacting to events in the Suez Crisis in 1956. However, in a position which would span the period 1961 until 1971, he became Chairman of the National Coal Board (and Lord Robens) and oversaw substantial cuts in the mining industry. During this period he co-authored the Robens Report that followed his difficult but practical risk management of the coal mining sector, including accepting some culpability in the Aberfan Disaster. This led, with the ministry of Barbara Castle's adjustments, to the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 which set up the Health and Safety Executive and remains the foundation of this area of English law.

1983-date

The constituency has been held solely by Labour since its recreation, during which time its history presents a safe seat. However, in 2019 - in line with the huge swing in their favour in traditional Labour seats in the North and Midlands - the Conservatives reduced the Labour majority to an unprecedentedly low three-figure total.

Members of Parliament

MPs 1885–1950

	Member^[12]	Party
1885	Charles Fenwick	Liberal
1918	Robert Mason	Liberal
1919	Robert Mason	Coalition Liberal
1922	George Warne	Labour
1929	George Shield	Labour
1931	Bernard Cruddas	Conservative
1940	Donald Scott	Conservative
1945	Alfred Robens	Labour
1950	Constituency abolished

MPs since 1983

	Member^[12]	Party
1983	Jack Thompson	Labour
1997	Denis Murphy	Labour
2010	Ian Lavery	Labour

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Wansbeck^[13]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ian Lavery	17,124	42.3	−15.0
	Conservative	Jack Gebhard	16,310	40.3	+7.6
	Brexit Party	Eden Webley	3,141	7.8	New
	Liberal Democrats	Stephen Psallidas	2,539	6.3	+1.6
	Green	Steven Leyland	1,217	3.0	+1.3
	CPA	Michael Flynn	178	0.4	New
Majority			814	2.0	−22.6
Turnout			40,509	64.0	−4.4
	Labour hold		Swing	−11.3

General election 2017: Wansbeck^[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ian Lavery	24,338	57.3	+7.3
	Conservative	Chris Galley	13,903	32.7	+10.9
	Liberal Democrats	Joan Tebbutt	2,015	4.7	−1.5
	UKIP	Melanie Hurst	1,483	3.5	-14.7
	Green	Steven Leyland	715	1.7	−2.1
Majority			10,435	24.6	−3.6
Turnout			42,454	68.4	+4.8
	Labour hold		Swing	−1.8

General election 2015: Wansbeck^[15]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ian Lavery	19,267	50.0	+4.1
	Conservative	Chris Galley	8,386	21.8	+4.3
	UKIP	Melanie Hurst	7,014	18.2	+15.7
	Liberal Democrats	Tom Hancock	2,407	6.2	−21.3
	Green	Christopher Hedley	1,454	3.8	+2.2
Majority			10,881	28.2	+9.8
Turnout			38,528	63.6	+2.9
	Labour hold		Swing	0.0

General election 2010: Wansbeck^[16]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Ian Lavery	17,548	45.9	−9.3
	Liberal Democrats	Simon Reed	10,517	27.5	+1.1
	Conservative	Campbell Storey	6,714	17.5	+2.5
	BNP	Stephen Finlay	1,481	3.7	New
	UKIP	Linda-Lee Stokoe	974	2.5	New
	Green	Nic Best	601	1.6	−1.8
	Independent	Malcolm Reid	359	0.9	New
	Christian	Michael Flynn	142	0.4	New
Majority			7,031	18.4	−10.4
Turnout			38,273	60.7	+2.3
	Labour hold		Swing	−5.2

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Wansbeck^[17]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Denis Murphy	20,315	55.2	−2.6
	Liberal Democrats	Simon Reed	9,734	26.4	+3.6
	Conservative	Ginny Scrope	5,515	15.0	+2.2
	Green	Nic Best	1,245	3.4	+0.9
Majority			10,581	28.8	−6.2
Turnout			36,809	58.4	−0.9
	Labour hold		Swing	−3.1

General election 2001: Wansbeck^[18]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Denis Murphy	21,617	57.8	−7.7
	Liberal Democrats	Alan Thompson	8,516	22.8	+6.9
	Conservative	Rachael Lake	4,774	12.8	−1.1
	Independent	Michael Kirkup	1,076	2.9	New
	Green	Nic Best	954	2.5	+0.4
	UKIP	Gavin Attwell	482	1.3	New
Majority			13,101	35.0	−14.6
Turnout			37,419	59.3	−12.4
	Labour hold		Swing	−7.3

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Wansbeck^[19]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Denis Murphy	29,569	65.5	+5.8
	Liberal Democrats	Alan Thompson	7,202	15.9	+0.6
	Conservative	Paul V. Green	6,299	13.9	−9.7
	Referendum	Peter H. Gompertz	1,146	2.5	New
	Green	Nic Best	956	2.1	+0.7
Majority			22,367	49.6	+13.5
Turnout			45,172	71.7	−7.6
	Labour hold		Swing	+7.8

General election 1992: Wansbeck^[20]^[21]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Jack Thompson	30,046	59.7	+2.2
	Conservative	Glen Sanderson	11,872	23.6	+4.2
	Liberal Democrats	Brian C. Priestley	7,691	15.3	−7.8
	Green	Nic Best	710	1.4	New
Majority			18,174	36.1	+1.7
Turnout			50,319	79.3	+1.3
	Labour hold		Swing	+5.0

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Wansbeck^[22]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Jack Thompson	28,080	57.5	+10.5
	Liberal	Sarah Mitchell	11,291	23.1	−7.0
	Conservative	David Walton	9,490	19.4	−3.5
Majority			16,789	34.4	+17.4
Turnout			48,861	78.0	+5.2
	Labour hold		Swing	+8.8

General election 1983: Wansbeck^[23]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Jack Thompson	21,732	47.0
	Liberal	Alan Thompson	13,901	30.1
	Conservative	Charles Mitchell	10,563	22.9
Majority			7,831	17.0
Turnout			46,196	72.8
	Labour win (new seat)

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Wansbeck
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Alfred Robens	40,948	60.00
	Conservative	Donald Scott	27,295	40.00
Majority			13,653	20.00	N/A
Turnout			67,793	77.69
	Labour gain from Conservative		Swing

1940 Wansbeck by-election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Donald Scott	Unopposed	*N/A*	*N/A*
	Conservative hold

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1935: Wansbeck
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	Bernard Cruddas	30,859	50.79
	Labour	Edward Dowling	29,904	49.21
Majority			955	1.58
Turnout			60,763	79.59
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1931: Wansbeck
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Bernard Cruddas	33,659	58.25
	Labour	George Shield	24,126	41.75
Majority			9,533	16.50	N/A
Turnout			57,785	81.86
	Conservative gain from Labour		Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1929: Wansbeck
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	George Shield	27,930	54.5	+1.6
	Unionist	Bernard Cruddas	17,056	33.2	−13.9
	Liberal	Frederick Waudby	6,330	12.3	New
Majority			10,874	21.2	+15.4
Turnout			34,260	76.1	−3.3
Registered electors			67,390
	Labour hold		Swing	+7.8

1929 Wansbeck by-election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	George Shield	20,398	58.0	+5.1
	Unionist	Ian Moffat-Pender	9,612	27.3	−19.8
	Liberal	Harry Briggs	5,183	14.7	New
Majority			10,786	30.7	+24.9
Turnout			35,193	65.3	−14.1
Registered electors			53,886
	Labour hold		Swing	+12.5

General election 1924: Wansbeck
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	George Warne	21,159	52.9	−3.9
	Unionist	M.K. Middleton	18,875	47.1	+3.9
Majority			2,284	5.8	−7.8
Turnout			40,034	79.4	+11.0
Registered electors			50,446
	Labour hold		Swing	−3.9

General election 1923: Wansbeck
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	George Warne	18,583	56.8	+11.6
	Unionist	Hilton Philipson	14,131	43.2	+11.8
Majority			4,452	13.6	−0.2
Turnout			32,714	68.4	−8.2
Registered electors			47,828
	Labour hold		Swing	−0.1

General election 1922: Wansbeck
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	George Warne	16,032	45.2	+2.1
	Unionist	R. White	11,149	31.4	New
	National Liberal	John Neal	5,192	14.6	New
	Liberal	Matthew Davey	3,134	8.8	−48.1
Majority			4,883	13.8	N/A
Turnout			35,507	76.6	+18.7
Registered electors			46,354
	Labour gain from Liberal		Swing	+25.1

Election results 1885–1918

Elections in the 1880s

Fenwick

General election 1885: Wansbeck ^[24]^[25]^[26]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Lib-Lab	Charles Fenwick	5,858	68.4
	Conservative	John Blencowe Cookson	2,703	31.6
Majority			3,155	36.8
Turnout			8,561	82.4
Registered electors			10,392
	Lib-Lab win (new seat)

General election 1886: Wansbeck ^[24]^[26]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Lib-Lab	Charles Fenwick	5,235	75.4	+7.0
	Liberal Unionist	William Wight	1,710	24.6	−7.0
Majority			3,525	50.8	+14.0
Turnout			6,945	66.8	−15.6
Registered electors			10,392
	Lib-Lab hold		Swing	+7.0

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1892: Wansbeck ^[24]^[26]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Lib-Lab	Charles Fenwick	5,696	66.1	−9.3
	Conservative	Seymour McCalmont Hill	2,920	33.9	+9.3
Majority			2,776	32.2	−18.6
Turnout			8,616	76.2	+9.4
Registered electors			11,304
	Lib-Lab hold		Swing	−9.3

General election 1895: Wansbeck ^[24]^[27]^[26]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Lib-Lab	Charles Fenwick	5,629	69.9	+3.8
	Conservative	Joseph John Harris	2,422	30.1	−3.8
Majority			3,207	39.8	+7.6
Turnout			8,051	65.8	−10.4
Registered electors			12,234
	Lib-Lab hold		Swing	+3.8

Elections in the 1900s