Development

What Maisie Knew was written by Carroll Cartwright and Nancy Doyne in 1995, based on the 1897 novel What Maisie Knew by Henry James. At the time, Cartwright was involved in a legal dispute over the custody of his daughter.^[2] Director Scott McGehee later said that Cartwright had used James' novel "as a lens" through which to write about his own divorce and raising his daughter.^[3] According to Cartwright, he and Doyne struggled to find producers, financiers and directors interested in making the film because of the challenges of working with a young child at its center. Producer Charles Weinstock was involved in the project for a number of years and was eventually responsible for obtaining financing from Red Crown Productions and hiring McGehee and David Siegel as directors.^[2] McGehee and Siegel were initially apprehensive about the script but decided to read it after hearing from their agent that actress Julianne Moore was interested in playing one of the roles; they accepted the directing job after talking to Moore about the story.^[4] Although McGehee and Siegel were reluctant to make a film about divorce, they liked that the script focused on Maisie's perspective, noting that it was unusual for a film aimed at adults to have a story told from the perspective of a child.^[5]

Casting

Julianne Moore and Steve Coogan play Maisie's parents.

Casting for the role of Maisie took eight weeks.^[6] Casting director Avy Kaufman suggested about 100 young girls to McGehee and Siegel while the directors independently visited New York elementary schools to hold auditions.^[3] Six-year-old Onata Aprile auditioned relatively late, and was cast three weeks before production started.^[3][5][7] She met with two of her adult co-stars, Julianne Moore and Alexander Skarsgård, for a brief rehearsal period before filming began.^[7] Moore, who had read the film's script before directors McGehee and Siegel,^[3] was anxious about having to sing as part of her role. She prepared by meeting with music producer Peter Nashel, singer Elaine Caswell, and Alison Mosshart, the lead singer of The Kills, whose songs Moore performed in the film.^[5][8]

Steve Coogan was the directors' first choice to play Beale, although the film's producers wanted to cast another English actor. McGehee and Siegel felt Coogan was suited to the role because "no matter what awful things he does and says, somehow there's something sympathetic about him".^[3] Joanna Vanderham, the last actor to be cast in the film, secured her role two weeks before production started after talking with McGehee, Siegel and Kaufman on Skype from Glasgow.^[9]

Filming

What Maisie Knew was filmed in New York for 35 days over seven weeks in the summer of 2011.^[5][10] It was shot on 35mm film using an Arri camera.^[1] Filming took place in mainly Lower Manhattan, and scenes at the beach house were shot on Long Island.^[11] One scene featuring Maisie and Lincoln taking a day trip together was shot on the High Line.^[12] A scene in which Susanna performs at a concert was filmed at Webster Hall using a pre-recorded vocal track, a backing band and a small audience.^[5] According to McGehee and Siegel, a significant challenge during filming was the limited time with which they were able to work with Aprile each day due to her early bedtime.^[11][13] While shooting one of the film's final scenes wherein Susanna arrives at the beach house at night to pick up Maisie, Aprile fell asleep and could not be woken up; the shoot had to be postponed until two weeks later.^[11]

Music

The film's score was composed by Nick Urata of the musical group DeVotchKa.^[14] It was inspired by rock music, to which McGehee and Siegel thought Maisie would have been exposed with a musician mother. McGehee described Urata's score as "us[ing] rock language but in a more childlike way".^[3] Julianne Moore's character sings two songs in the film, "Night Train" and "Hook and Line", both written and originally recorded by The Kills.^[15]

Box office

What Maisie Knew premiered at the 2012 Toronto Film Festival on September 7, 2012.^[16] Millennium Films purchased the film's U.S. distribution rights soon after its premiere.^[17] The film was released in the United States on May 3, 2013.^[18] Opening in a single theater in New York,^[19] it earned $21,480 on its opening weekend and $31,152 by the end of its first week.^[18][20] It expanded to three theaters in its second week of release, was playing in 27 theaters by its fourth week, and reached its widest release of 122 theaters in its sixth week.^[20] It was in release for a total of thirteen weeks and grossed $1,066,471 in that time.^[18] In the United Kingdom, the film was released by Curzon Film World in cinemas and through video on demand (VOD) services on August 23, 2013, with £150,000 pledged by the British Film Institute towards the film's £244,000 marketing budget. It earned £330,186 in box office revenue from four weeks of release and £65,832 from VOD rentals in the first six weeks it was available.^[21] In other territories, the film performed best in Australia (grossing US$334,651), Spain ($196,668), New Zealand ($140,696) and Brazil ($100,453).^[22] It earned a total of $1,644,908 outside of the U.S. for a total worldwide gross of $2,711,379.^[22]

Critical response

What Maisie Knew received generally positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a rating of 86%, based on 108 reviews, with an average rating of 7.7/10. The site's consensus states: "It's undeniably difficult to watch at times, but What Maisie Knew ultimately rises on the strength of its solidly sourced script, powerful performances, and empathetic direction."^[23] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 74 out of 100, based on reviews from 32 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".^[24]

In a review for Variety, Justin Chang summarized What Maisie Knew as a "beautifully observed drama" and wrote that, although the plot was consistently dark, it contained "enough sensitivity and emotional variation to make the experience cumulatively heartrending".^[25] New York magazine's David Edelstein praised the subtleties in the writing and performances of the adult characters and opined that the cinematography was "as open and graceful as any [he had] seen all year".^[26] A. O. Scott of The New York Times described the film as a "brilliant, haunting adaptation" of Henry James' novel, praising Aprile's performance as Maisie in particular.^[27] The Los Angeles Times critic Betsy Sharkey also commended Aprile, Moore and Coogan's acting and felt that the "beautifully rendered film" was able to achieve emotional resonance without becoming melodramatic.^[28] The Boston Globe's Ty Burr, who awarded the film 3.5 out of 4 stars, opined that its success was largely attributable to Aprile's performance.^[12] John DeFore of The Hollywood Reporter noted the film's "uniformly strong performances" and praised McGehee and Siegel for maintaining a sense of plausibility in spite of the melodramatic plot.^[29] For the New York Observer, Rex Reed wrote of the film's "warmth, intelligence and grace" and concluded his review: "poignant and exemplary, this is one of the best films of 2013".^[30]

The New York Post's Kyle Smith likened What Maisie Knew to a public service announcement about parenting and divorce and felt that the presentation of the story from Maisie's perspective was a "gimmick" (although it is true to James's novel).^[31] Chris Nashawaty of Entertainment Weekly found the film unoriginal, "pointless and inert" and awarded it a C grade.^[32] Slant Magazine's Chris Cabin felt that the characters were one-dimensional and stereotypical, and described the film as "an abhorrent slice of tasteless familial drama".^[33]

Accolades

Home media

What Maisie Knew was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 13, 2013. Both editions include an audio commentary with the directors and a selection of deleted scenes.^[40]