| Wounaan | |
|---|---|
| Noanamá | |
| Woun Meu | |
| Native to | Colombia, Panama |
| Ethnicity | Embera-Wounaan |
Native speakers | 10,800 (2007)[1] |
Chocoan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | noa |
| Glottolog | woun1238 |
| ELP | Waunana |
 | |
The Wounaan language, also known as Noanamá and Woun Meu, is a Chocoan language, with around 10,000 speakers on the border between Panama and Colombia.
Phonology
The following tables show the vowel and consonant sounds of Wounann, transcribed using the International Phonetic Alphabet.[2]
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||
| Close | i ĩ | ɯ ɯ̃ | u ũ | |
| Close-mid | e ẽ | ɤ ɤ̃ | o õ | |
| Open | a ã | |||
Consonants
| Bilabial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | voiceless | p | t | k | ʔ | |
| aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||
| voiced | b | d | g | |||
| Affricate | (tʃ) | |||||
| Fricative | s | ɕ | h | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||
| Approximant | l | j | w | |||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Flap | ɾ | |||||
/ɕ/ occurs as [t͡ʃ] across dialects.[3]
References
- ↑ Wounaan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ↑ Mejía, Gustavo (2000). Presentación y descripción fonológica y morfosintáctica del waunana. In González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa (eds.), Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva: Santafé de Bogotá: Instituto Caro y Cuervo. pp. 85–96.
- ↑ Murillo Miranda, José Manuel; Marín Esquivel, Rebeca (2022). Notas sobre la fonología del waunana de Panamá. Revista Lengua Y Literatura, 8. pp. 17–39.
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