| Yinwum | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Australia |
| Region | Cape York Peninsula, Queensland |
| Ethnicity | Yinwum, ?Nyuwathayi |
| Extinct | By 1960s[1] |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | yxm |
| Glottolog | yinw1236 |
| AIATSIS[2] | Y29 |
Yinwum is an extinct Paman language formerly spoken on the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia, by the Yinwum people. It is unknown when it became extinct.[3] Historically, it underwent some unusual phonological changes that are difficult to classify and understand in phonetic terms.
Phonology
Consonant Phonemes
| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilabial | Velar | Palatal | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | |
| Nasal | m | ŋ | ɲ | n̪ | n | |
| Prenasalised stop | ⁿp | ⁿk | ⁿc | ⁿt̪ | ⁿt ⁿtʳ | |
| Plosive | p | k | c | t̪ | t tʳ | |
| Fricative | β | ɣ | ð | |||
| Vibrant | r | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | l | ɻ | ||
/ⁿtʳ/ and /tʳ/ are post-trilled consonants (trilled affricates).
Vowel Phonemes
| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| High | i | u |
| Mid | e | |
| Low | a | |
References
- ↑ Yinwum at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ↑ Y29 Yinwum at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ↑ Ernst Kausen (2005). "Australische Sprachen".
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ↑ Kenneth Hale, 1976, Phonological Developments in Particular Northern Paman Languages, pp.12
- ↑ Kenneth Hale, 1976, Phonological Developments in Particular Northern Paman Languages, pp.12
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