Women's water polo became an Olympic sport at the 2000 Olympics. Since then, the United States women's team has won six consecutive medals.

There are thirty-five female athletes who have won two or more Olympic medals in water polo. Heather Petri and Brenda Villa of the United States are the only two female athletes to win four Olympic medals in water polo.[1][2]

Abbreviations

Rk Rank Ref Reference LH Left-handed
Pos Playing position FP Field player GK Goalkeeper
(C) Captain p. page pp. pages

Medalists by tournament

Games Gold Silver Bronze
2000 Sydney
 Australia (AUS)
Liz Weekes (GK)
Yvette Higgins
Gail Miller
Naomi Castle
Bronwyn Mayer
Simone Hankin
Danielle Woodhouse (GK)
Kate Hooper
Debbie Watson
Taryn Woods
Bridgette Gusterson
Joanne Fox (LH)
Melissa Mills
 United States (USA)
Bernice Orwig (GK)
Heather Petri
Ericka Lorenz
Brenda Villa
Ellen Estes
Coralie Simmons
Maureen O'Toole
Julie Ertel (C)
Heather Moody
Robin Beauregard
Nicolle Payne (GK)
Kathy Sheehy
Courtney Johnson
 Russia (RUS)
Marina Akobiya (GK)
Galina Rytova (GK)
Irina Tolkunova
Ekaterina Anikeeva
Svetlana Kuzina
Elena Tokun
Maria Koroleva
Elena Smurova
Tatiana Petrova
Yuliya Petrova
Sofia Konukh
Ekaterina Vassilieva
Natalia Kutuzova
2004 Athens
 Italy (ITA)
Francesca Conti (GK)
Martina Miceli
Carmela Allucci (C)
Silvia Bosurgi
Elena Gigli (GK)
Emanuela Zanchi
Tania Di Mario
Cinzia Ragusa
Giusi Malato
Alexandra Araújo
Maddalena Musumeci
Melania Grego
Noémi Tóth
 Greece (GRE)
Georgia Ellinaki (GK)
Dimitra Asilian (C)
Antiopi Melidoni
Angeliki Karapataki
Kyriaki Liosi
Stavroula Kozompoli
Aikaterini Oikonomopoulou
Antigoni Roumpesi
Evangelia Moraitidou
Eftychia Karagianni
Georgia Lara
Antonia Moraiti
Anthoula Mylonaki (GK)
 United States (USA)
Jacqueline Frank (GK)
Heather Petri
Ericka Lorenz
Brenda Villa
Ellen Estes
Natalie Golda
Margaret Dingeldein
Kelly Rulon
Heather Moody (C)
Robin Beauregard
Amber Stachowski
Nicolle Payne (GK)
Thalia Munro
2008 Beijing
 Netherlands (NED)
Ilse van der Meijden (GK)
Yasemin Smit (C)
Mieke Cabout
Biurakn Hakhverdian
Marieke van den Ham (LH)
Daniëlle de Bruijn (LH)
Iefke van Belkum
Noeki Klein
Gillian van den Berg
Alette Sijbring
Rianne Guichelaar (LH)
Simone Koot
Meike de Nooy (GK)
 United States (USA)
Elizabeth Armstrong (GK)
Heather Petri
Brittany Hayes (LH)
Brenda Villa (C)
Lauren Wenger
Natalie Golda
Patty Cardenas
Jessica Steffens
Elsie Windes
Alison Gregorka
Moriah van Norman
Kami Craig
Jaime Komer (GK)
 Australia (AUS)
Emma Knox (GK)
Gemma Beadsworth
Nikita Cuffe
Rebecca Rippon
Suzie Fraser (LH)
Bronwen Knox
Taniele Gofers
Kate Gynther
Jenna Santoromito
Mia Santoromito
Melissa Rippon (C)
Amy Hetzel
Alicia McCormack (GK)
2012 London
 United States (USA)
Elizabeth Armstrong (GK)
Heather Petri
Melissa Seidemann
Brenda Villa (C)
Lauren Wenger
Maggie Steffens
Courtney Mathewson
Jessica Steffens
Elsie Windes
Kelly Rulon
Annika Dries
Kami Craig
Tumua Anae (GK)
 Spain (ESP)
Laura Ester (GK)
Marta Bach
Anni Espar
Roser Tarragó
Matilde Ortiz
Jennifer Pareja (C)
Lorena Miranda
Pili Peña (LH)
Andrea Blas
Ona Meseguer (LH)
Maica García
Laura López
Ana Copado (GK)
 Australia (AUS)
Victoria Brown (GK)
Gemma Beadsworth
Sophie Smith
Holly Lincoln-Smith
Jane Moran
Bronwen Knox
Rowena Webster
Kate Gynther (C)
Glencora Ralph
Ashleigh Southern
Melissa Rippon
Nicola Zagame
Alicia McCormack (GK)
2016 Rio de Janeiro
 United States (USA)
Samantha Hill (GK)
Maddie Musselman
Melissa Seidemann
Rachel Fattal
Caroline Clark
Maggie Steffens (C)
Courtney Mathewson
Kiley Neushul
Aria Fischer
Kaleigh Gilchrist
Makenzie Fischer
Kami Craig
Ashleigh Johnson (GK)
 Italy (ITA)
Giulia Gorlero (GK)
Chiara Tabani
Arianna Garibotti
Elisa Queirolo
Federica Radicchi
Rosaria Aiello
Tania Di Mario (C)
Roberta Bianconi
Giulia Emmolo (LH)
Francesca Pomeri
Aleksandra Cotti
Teresa Frassinetti
Laura Teani (GK)
 Russia (RUS)
Anna Ustyukhina (GK)
Nadezhda Glyzina
Ekaterina Prokofyeva (C)
Elvina Karimova
Maria Borisova
Olga Gorbunova
Ekaterina Lisunova
Anastasia Simanovich
Anna Timofeeva
Evgenia Soboleva
Evgeniya Ivanova
Anna Grineva
Anna Karnaukh (GK)
2020 Tokyo
 United States (USA)
Ashleigh Johnson (GK)
Maddie Musselman
Melissa Seidemann
Rachel Fattal
Paige Hauschild
Maggie Steffens (C)
Stephania Haralabidis (LH)
Jamie Neushul
Aria Fischer
Kaleigh Gilchrist
Makenzie Fischer
Alys Williams
Amanda Longan (GK)
 Spain (ESP)
Laura Ester (GK)
Marta Bach
Anni Espar
Beatriz Ortiz
Elena Ruiz
Irene González
Clara Espar
Pili Peña (C, LH)
Judith Forca (LH)
Roser Tarragó
Maica García
Paula Leitón
Elena Sánchez (GK)
 Hungary (HUN)
Edina Gangl (GK)
Dorottya Szilágyi
Vanda Vályi
Gréta Gurisatti
Gabriella Szűcs
Rebecca Parkes
Anna Illés
Rita Keszthelyi (C)
Dóra Leimeter (LH)
Anikó Gyöngyössy
Nataša Rybanská
Krisztina Garda
Alda Magyari (GK)
2024 Paris

Overall multiple medalists

As of the 2020 Summer Olympics, 35 female athletes have won three or more Olympic medals in water polo.

By tournament

The following table is pre-sorted by edition of the Olympics (in ascending order), name of the team (in ascending order), name of the player (in ascending order), respectively. Last updated: 10 August 2021.

Legend
  • Team* – Host team
YearTotalFour-time Olympic medalistThree-time Olympic medalistTwo-time Olympic medalist
20000000
2004700 United States: Robin Beauregard, Ellen Estes, Ericka Lorenz, Heather Moody, Nicolle Payne (GK), Heather Petri, Brenda Villa7
200830 United States: Heather Petri, Brenda Villa2 United States: Natalie Golda1
201213 United States: Heather Petri, Brenda Villa20 Australia: Gemma Beadsworth, Kate Gynther, Bronwen Knox, Alicia McCormack (GK), Melissa Rippon
 United States: Elizabeth Armstrong (GK), Kami Craig, Jessica Steffens, Kelly Rulon, Lauren Wenger, Elsie Windes
11
201650 United States: Kami Craig1 Italy: Tania Di Mario
 United States: Courtney Mathewson, Melissa Seidemann, Maggie Steffens
4
2020140 United States: Melissa Seidemann, Maggie Steffens2 Spain: Marta Bach, Anni Espar, Laura Ester (GK), Maica García, Pili Peña, Roser Tarragó
 United States: Rachel Fattal, Aria Fischer, Makenzie Fischer, Kaleigh Gilchrist, Ashleigh Johnson (GK), Maddie Musselman
12
YearTotalFour-time Olympic medalistThree-time Olympic medalistTwo-time Olympic medalist

Sources:

  • Official Results Books (PDF): 2000 (p. 28), 2004 (p. 2), 2008 (p. 2), 2012 (p. 285), 2016 (p. 135), 2020 (p. 156).

By confederation

Last updated: 11 August 2021.

ConfederationNumber of multi-time Olympic medalists
Four-timeThree-timeTwo-timeTotal
AfricaCANA0000
AmericasUANA231823
AsiaAASF0000
EuropeLEN0077
OceaniaOSA0055
Total233035

By team

Last updated: 11 August 2021.

Women's teamNumber of multi-time OlympiansConfederation
Four-timeThree-timeTwo-timeTotal
 Australia0055Oceania – OSA
 Italy0011Europe – LEN
 Spain0066Europe – LEN
 United States231823Americas – UANA
Total233035

By position

Last updated: 11 August 2021.

PositionNumber of multi-time Olympians
Four-timeThree-timeTwo-timeTotal
Field player232530
Goalkeeper0055
Total233035

Four or more Olympic medals

Brenda Villa of the United States won four Olympic medals in water polo between 2000 and 2012.

The following table is pre-sorted by total number of Olympic medals (in descending order), number of Olympic gold medals (in descending order), number of Olympic silver medals (in descending order), year of receiving the last Olympic medal (in ascending order), year of receiving the first Olympic medal (in ascending order), name of the player (in ascending order), respectively. Last updated: 7 August 2021.

Heather Petri and Brenda Villa, both representing the United States, are the only two female athletes to win four Olympic medals in water polo.[1][2]

Legend
  •     – Hosts
Female athletes who won four or more Olympic medals in water polo
RkPlayerBirthHeightWomen's teamPosWater polo tournamentsPeriod
(age of
first/last)
MedalsRef
12345GSBT
1Heather Petri19781.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
 United StatesFP200020042008201212 years
(22/34)
1214[1]
Brenda Villa19801.63 m
(5 ft 4 in)
 United StatesFP200020042008201212 years
(20/32)
1214[2]

Sources:

Three Olympic medals

The following table is pre-sorted by number of Olympic gold medals (in descending order), number of Olympic silver medals (in descending order), year of receiving the last Olympic medal (in ascending order), year of receiving the first Olympic medal (in ascending order), name of the player (in ascending order), respectively. Last updated: 10 August 2021.

Three female athletes won three Olympic medals in water polo.

Legend
  •     – Hosts
Female athletes who won three Olympic medals in water polo
RkPlayerBirthHeightWomen's teamPosWater polo tournamentsPeriod
(age of
first/last)
MedalsRef
12345GSBT
3Melissa Seidemann19901.83 m
(6 ft 0 in)
 United StatesFP2012201620209 years
(22/31)
3003[3]
Maggie Steffens19931.73 m
(5 ft 8 in)
 United StatesFP2012201620209 years
(19/28)
3003[4]
5Kami Craig19871.81 m
(5 ft 11 in)
 United StatesFP2008201220168 years
(21/29)
2103[5]

Source:

  • Official Results Books (PDF): 2000 (p. 28), 2004 (p. 2), 2008 (p. 2), 2012 (p. 285), 2016 (p. 135), 2020 (p. 156).

Two Olympic medals

The following table is pre-sorted by number of Olympic gold medals (in descending order), number of Olympic silver medals (in descending order), year of receiving the last Olympic medal (in ascending order), year of receiving the first Olympic medal (in ascending order), name of the player (in ascending order), respectively. Last updated: 11 August 2021.

Thirty female athletes won two Olympic medals in water polo.

Legend
  •     – Hosts
Female athletes who won two Olympic medals in water polo
RkPlayerBirthHeightWomen's teamPosWater polo tournamentsPeriod
(age of
first/last)
MedalsRef
12345GSBT
6Courtney Mathewson19861.71 m
(5 ft 7 in)
 United StatesFP201220164 years
(25/29)
2002[6]
Rachel Fattal19931.73 m
(5 ft 8 in)
 United StatesFP201620205 years
(22/27)
2002[7]
Aria Fischer19991.83 m
(6 ft 0 in)
 United StatesFP201620205 years
(17/22)
2002[8]
Makenzie Fischer19971.85 m
(6 ft 1 in)
 United StatesFP201620205 years
(19/24)
2002[9]
Kaleigh Gilchrist19921.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
 United StatesFP201620205 years
(24/29)
2002[10]
Ashleigh Johnson19941.85 m
(6 ft 1 in)
 United StatesGK201620205 years
(21/26)
2002[11]
Maddie Musselman19981.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
 United StatesFP201620205 years
(18/23)
2002[12]
13Elizabeth Armstrong19831.88 m
(6 ft 2 in)
 United StatesGK200820124 years
(25/29)
1102[13]
Jessica Steffens19871.83 m
(6 ft 0 in)
 United StatesFP200820124 years
(21/25)
1102[14]
Lauren Wenger19841.91 m
(6 ft 3 in)
 United StatesFP200820124 years
(24/28)
1102[15]
Elsie Windes19851.78 m
(5 ft 10 in)
 United StatesFP200820124 years
(23/27)
1102[16]
Tania Di Mario19791.68 m
(5 ft 6 in)
 ItalyFP200420082012201612 years
(25/37)
1102[17]
18Kelly Rulon19841.78 m
(5 ft 10 in)
 United StatesFP200420128 years
(20/27)
1012[18]
19Marta Bach19931.76 m
(5 ft 9 in)
 SpainFP2012201620209 years
(19/28)
0202[19]
Anni Espar19931.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
 SpainFP2012201620209 years
(19/28)
0202[20]
Laura Ester19901.72 m
(5 ft 8 in)
 SpainGK2012201620209 years
(22/31)
0202[21]
Maica García19901.88 m
(6 ft 2 in)
 SpainFP2012201620209 years
(21/30)
0202[22]
Pili Peña19861.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
 SpainFP2012201620209 years
(26/35)
0202[23]
Roser Tarragó19931.71 m
(5 ft 7 in)
 SpainFP2012201620209 years
(19/28)
0202[24]
25Robin Beauregard19791.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
 United StatesFP200020044 years
(21/25)
0112[25]
Ellen Estes19781.82 m
(6 ft 0 in)
 United StatesFP200020044 years
(21/25)
0112[26]
Ericka Lorenz19811.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
 United StatesFP200020044 years
(19/23)
0112[27]
Heather Moody19731.82 m
(6 ft 0 in)
 United StatesFP200020044 years
(27/31)
0112[28]
Nicolle Payne19761.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
 United StatesGK200020044 years
(24/28)
0112[29]
Natalie Golda19811.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
 United StatesFP200420084 years
(22/26)
0112[30]
31Gemma Beadsworth19871.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
 AustraliaFP2008201220168 years
(21/29)
0022[31]
Kate Gynther19821.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
 AustraliaFP2004200820128 years
(22/30)
0022[32]
Bronwen Knox19861.82 m
(6 ft 0 in)
 AustraliaFP200820122016202013 years
(22/35)
0022[33]
Alicia McCormack19831.68 m
(5 ft 6 in)
 AustraliaGK200820124 years
(25/29)
0022[34]
Melissa Rippon19811.69 m
(5 ft 7 in)
 AustraliaFP2004200820128 years
(23/31)
0022[35]
RkPlayerBirthHeightWomen's teamPos12345Period
(age of
first/last)
GSBTRef
Water polo tournamentsMedals

Source:

  • Official Results Books (PDF): 2000 (p. 28), 2004 (p. 2), 2008 (p. 2), 2012 (p. 285), 2016 (p. 135), 2020 (p. 156).

Multiple medalists by team

The following tables are pre-sorted by total number of Olympic medals (in descending order), number of Olympic gold medals (in descending order), number of Olympic silver medals (in descending order), year of receiving the last Olympic medal (in ascending order), year of receiving the first Olympic medal (in ascending order), name of the player (in ascending order), respectively.

Legend
  • Year* – As host team

Australia

  • Women's national team:  Australia
  • Team appearances: 6 (2000*–2020)
  • As host team: 2000*

* Number of three-time Olympic medalists: 0

  • Number of two-time Olympic medalists: 5
  • Last updated: 11 August 2021.
Legend
  •     – Hosts
Female athletes who won two or more Olympic medals in water polo
RkPlayerBirthHeightPosWater polo tournamentsPeriod
(age of
first/last)
MedalsRef
12345GSBT
1Gemma Beadsworth19871.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
FP2008201220168 years
(21/29)
0022[31]
Kate Gynther19821.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
FP2004200820128 years
(22/30)
0022[32]
Bronwen Knox19861.82 m
(6 ft 0 in)
FP200820122016202013 years
(22/35)
0022[33]
Alicia McCormack19831.68 m
(5 ft 6 in)
GK200820124 years
(25/29)
0022[34]
Melissa Rippon19811.69 m
(5 ft 7 in)
FP2004200820128 years
(23/31)
0022[35]

Greece

  • Women's national team:  Greece
  • Team appearances: 2 (2004*–2008)
  • As host team: 2004*

* Number of three-time Olympic medalists: 0

  • Number of two-time Olympic medalists: 0
  • Last updated: 1 May 2021.

Hungary

  • Women's national team:  Hungary
  • Team appearances: 5 (2004–2020)
  • As host team: —

* Number of three-time Olympic medalists: 0

  • Number of two-time Olympic medalists: 0
  • Last updated: 7 August 2021.

Italy

  • Women's national team:  Italy
  • Team appearances: 4 (2004–2016)
  • As host team: —

* Number of three-time Olympic medalists: 0

  • Number of two-time Olympic medalists: 1
  • Last updated: 1 May 2021.
Female athletes who won two or more Olympic medals in water polo
RkPlayerBirthHeightPosWater polo tournamentsPeriod
(age of
first/last)
MedalsRef
12345GSBT
1Tania Di Mario19791.68 m
(5 ft 6 in)
FP200420082012201612 years
(25/37)
1102[17]

Netherlands

  • Women's national team:  Netherlands
  • Team appearances: 3 (2000, 2008, 2020)
  • As host team: —

* Number of three-time Olympic medalists: 0

  • Number of two-time Olympic medalists: 0
  • Last updated: 1 May 2021.

Russia

  • Women's national team:  Russia
  • Team appearances: 6 (2000–2020)
  • As host team: —

* Number of three-time Olympic medalists: 0

  • Number of two-time Olympic medalists: 0
  • Last updated: 1 May 2021.

Spain

  • Women's national team:  Spain
  • Team appearances: 3 (2012–2020)
  • As host team: —

* Number of three-time Olympic medalists: 0

  • Number of two-time Olympic medalists: 6
  • Last updated: 10 August 2021.
Legend
  •     – Hosts
Female athletes who won two or more Olympic medals in water polo
RkPlayerBirthHeightPosWater polo tournamentsPeriod
(age of
first/last)
MedalsRef
12345GSBT
1Marta Bach19931.76 m
(5 ft 9 in)
FP2012201620209 years
(19/28)
0202[19]
Anni Espar19931.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
FP2012201620209 years
(19/28)
0202[20]
Laura Ester19901.72 m
(5 ft 8 in)
GK2012201620209 years
(22/31)
0202[21]
Maica García19901.88 m
(6 ft 2 in)
FP2012201620209 years
(21/30)
0202[22]
Pili Peña19861.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
FP2012201620209 years
(26/35)
0202[23]
Roser Tarragó19931.71 m
(5 ft 7 in)
FP2012201620209 years
(19/28)
0202[24]

United States

  • Women's national team:  United States
  • Team appearances: 6 (2000–2020)
  • As host team: —

* Number of four-time Olympic medalists: 2

  • Number of three-time Olympic medalists: 3
  • Number of two-time Olympic medalists: 18
  • Last updated: 10 August 2021.
Legend
  •     – Hosts
Female athletes who won two or more Olympic medals in water polo
RkPlayerBirthHeightPosWater polo tournamentsPeriod
(age of
first/last)
MedalsRef
12345GSBT
1Heather Petri19781.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
FP200020042008201212 years
(22/34)
1214[1]
Brenda Villa19801.63 m
(5 ft 4 in)
FP200020042008201212 years
(20/32)
1214[2]
3Melissa Seidemann19901.83 m
(6 ft 0 in)
FP2012201620209 years
(22/31)
3003[3]
Maggie Steffens19931.73 m
(5 ft 8 in)
FP2012201620209 years
(19/28)
3003[4]
5Kami Craig19871.81 m
(5 ft 11 in)
FP2008201220168 years
(21/29)
2103[5]
6Courtney Mathewson19861.71 m
(5 ft 7 in)
FP201220164 years
(25/29)
2002[6]
Rachel Fattal19931.73 m
(5 ft 8 in)
FP201620205 years
(22/27)
2002[7]
Aria Fischer19991.83 m
(6 ft 0 in)
FP201620205 years
(17/22)
2002[8]
Makenzie Fischer19971.85 m
(6 ft 1 in)
FP201620205 years
(19/24)
2002[9]
Kaleigh Gilchrist19921.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
FP201620205 years
(24/29)
2002[10]
Ashleigh Johnson19941.85 m
(6 ft 1 in)
GK201620205 years
(21/26)
2002[11]
Maddie Musselman19981.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
FP201620205 years
(18/23)
2002[12]
13Elizabeth Armstrong19831.88 m
(6 ft 2 in)
GK200820124 years
(25/29)
1102[13]
Jessica Steffens19871.83 m
(6 ft 0 in)
FP200820124 years
(21/25)
1102[14]
Lauren Wenger19841.91 m
(6 ft 3 in)
FP200820124 years
(24/28)
1102[15]
Elsie Windes19851.78 m
(5 ft 10 in)
FP200820124 years
(23/27)
1102[16]
17Kelly Rulon19841.78 m
(5 ft 10 in)
FP200420128 years
(20/27)
1012[18]
18Robin Beauregard19791.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
FP200020044 years
(21/25)
0112[25]
Ellen Estes19781.82 m
(6 ft 0 in)
FP200020044 years
(21/25)
0112[26]
Ericka Lorenz19811.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
FP200020044 years
(19/23)
0112[27]
Heather Moody19731.82 m
(6 ft 0 in)
FP200020044 years
(27/31)
0112[28]
Nicolle Payne19761.75 m
(5 ft 9 in)
GK200020044 years
(24/28)
0112[29]
Natalie Golda19811.80 m
(5 ft 11 in)
FP200420084 years
(22/26)
0112[30]
RkPlayerBirthHeightPos12345Period
(age of
first/last)
GSBTRef
Water polo tournamentsMedals

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Heather Petri". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Brenda Villa". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
  3. 1 2 "Melissa Seidemann". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  4. 1 2 "Maggie Steffens". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  5. 1 2 "Kami Craig". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
  6. 1 2 "Courtney Mathewson". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  7. 1 2 "Rachel Fattal". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  8. 1 2 "Aria Fischer". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  9. 1 2 "Makenzie Fischer". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  10. 1 2 "Kaleigh Gilchrist". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  11. 1 2 "Ashleigh Johnson". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  12. 1 2 "Maddie Musselman". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  13. 1 2 "Elizabeth Armstrong". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  14. 1 2 "Jessica Steffens". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  15. 1 2 "Lauren Wenger". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  16. 1 2 "Elsie Windes". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  17. 1 2 "Tania Di Mario". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  18. 1 2 "Kelly Rulon". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  19. 1 2 "Marta Bach". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  20. 1 2 "Anni Espar". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  21. 1 2 "Laura Ester". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  22. 1 2 "Maica García". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  23. 1 2 "Pili Peña". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  24. 1 2 "Roser Tarragó". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
  25. 1 2 "Robin Beauregard". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  26. 1 2 "Ellen Estes". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  27. 1 2 "Ericka Lorenz". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  28. 1 2 "Heather Moody". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  29. 1 2 "Nicolle Payne". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  30. 1 2 "Natalie Golda". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  31. 1 2 "Gemma Beadsworth". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  32. 1 2 "Kate Gynther". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  33. 1 2 "Bronwen Knox". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  34. 1 2 "Alicia McCormack". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  35. 1 2 "Melissa Rippon". olympedia.org. Olympedia. Retrieved 1 May 2021.

Sources

Official Results Books (IOC)

PDF documents in the LA84 Foundation Digital Library:

PDF documents on the FINA website:

PDF documents in the Olympic World Library:

PDF documents on the International Olympic Committee website:

Official Reports (FINA)

PDF documents on the FINA website:

Official website (IOC)

Water polo on the International Olympic Committee website:

Olympedia

Water polo on the Olympedia website:

Sports Reference

Water polo on the Sports Reference website:

Todor66

Water polo on the Todor66 website:

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