Sovereign states
A
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B
- Bacan - Sultanate of Bacan
- Badakhshan - Khanate of Badakhshan
- Badung - Kingdom of Badung
Bamberg - Prince-Bishopric of Bamberg- Bamoun - Bamoun Sultanate
- Bangkalan - State of Bangkalan
- Banjarmasin - Sultantate of Banjarmasin
- Banten - Sultanate of Banten
Basel - Prince-Bishopric of Basel- Bemba - Bemba Kingdom
Benin - Benin Empire- Bhadgaon - Kingdom of Bhadgaon
- Bhutan - Bhutan
- Bijapur - Bijapur Sultanate
- Bijayapur - Bijayapur Kingdom
Bila - Bila Sultanate- Bima - Sultanate of Bima
- Bone - Sultanate of Bone
Brunei - Sultanate of Brunei
Buganda - Kingdom of Buganda
Bukhara - Khanate of Bukhara- Buleleng - Kingdom of Buleleng
Bunyoro - Kingdom of Bunyoro-Kitara- Burma - Kingdom of Burma
- Burundi - Kingdom of Burundi
- Buton - Sultanate of Buton
- Butua - Kingdom of Butua
C
- Cambodia - Kingdom of Cambodia
Catalonia - Principality of Catalonia- China - Great Qing Empire
- Chitradurga - Chitradurga Nayak Kingdom
- Chitral - Kingdom of Chitral under the Katoor Dynasty
- Cianjur - State of Cianjur
- Cirebon - Sultanate of Cirebon
Cospaia - Republic of Cospaia
Cossack Hetmanate - Zaporizhian Host.svg.png.webp)
Crimea - Crimean Khanate
D
- Dahomey - Kingdom of Dahomey
- Dauro - Kingdom of Dauro
- Dendi - Kingdom of Dendi
Denmark - Kingdom of Denmark and Norway
Dutch Republic - Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
E
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England, Scotland and Ireland - Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland (to May 8)- Ennarea - Kingdom of Ennarea
- Ethiopia - Empire of Ethiopia
F
France - Kingdom of France
G
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H
- Harar - Sultanate of Harar
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Holy Roman Empire - Holy Roman Empire
Hungary - Kingdom of Hungary
Hunza - Principality of Hunza
I
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J
K
- Kaffa - Kingdom of Kaffa
Kakheti - Kingdom of Kakheti
Kalat - Khanate of Kalat- Kampong Raja - Sultanate of Kampong Raja
- Karagwe - Kingdom of Karagwe
- Kartli - Kingdom of Kartli
- Kashgar - Khanate of Kashgar
Kathmandu - Kingdom of Kathmandu- Kazakh Khanate - Kazakh Khanate
Kedah - Negeri Kedah Darul Aman (to September)- Keladi - Keladi Nayaka Kingdom
Khiva - Khanate of Khiva
Klungkung - Kingdom of Klungkung
Kongo - Kingdom of Kongo- Konta - Kingdom of Konta
- Korea - Kingdom of Joseon
Kota Pinang - Sultanate of Kota Pinang
L
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M
- Madurai - Madurai Nayak Kingdom
Mainz - Archbishopric of Mainz- Majeerteen - Sultanate of Majeerteen
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Malta - Order of Saint John- Mandara - Mandara Kingdom
Mantua - Duchy of Mantua- Mataram - Mataram Sultanate
Milan - Duchy of Milan- Minangkabau - Minangkabau Kingdom
- Mindanao - Sultanate of Maguindanao
- Mingrelia - Principality of Mingrelia
- Modena - Duchy of Modena and Reggio
- Mogadishu - Sultanate of Mogadishu
- Moldavia - Principality of Moldavia
- Mongolia - Mongolian Empire
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Morocco - Sultanate of Morocco- Mrauk U - Kingdom of Mrauk U
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Mughal Empire - Mughal Empire
Muscat - Sultanate of Muscat
Mustang - Kingdom of Mustang
Mutapa - Kingdom of Mutapa
Mysore - Kingdom of Mysore
N
- Nagar - Principality of Nagar
- Naning - State of Naning
Naples - Kingdom of Naples
Norway - Kingdom of Norway (Province of Denmark, nominally in personal union)
O
Ottoman Empire - Ottoman Empire- Oyo - Oyo Empire
P
Pahang - Negeri Pahang Darul Makmur.svg.png.webp)
Palembang - Sultanate of Palembang Darussalam
Papal States - States of the Church- Papekat - Sultanate of Papekat (from 1660)
Parma - Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
Passau - Bishopric of Passau- Patan - Kingdom of Patan
- Pattani Kingdom - Sultanate of Pattani and Kelantan
Perak - Negeri Perak Darur Ridzwan
Persia - Persian Empire- Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
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Portugal - Kingdom of Portugal
Prussia - Duchy of Prussia
R
S
Sambas - Sultanate of Sambas.svg.png.webp)
Salé - Republic of Salé- Samoa - Kingdom of Samoa
San Marino - Most Serene Republic of San Marino- Sanggau - Sultanate of Sanggau
Sardinia - Kingdom of Sardinia
Savoy - Duchy of Savoy- Sekadau - Sultanate of Sekadau
- Selambau - State of Selambau
- Sheka - Kingdom of Sheka
Sicily - Kingdom of Sicily- Sikkim - Kingdom of Sikkim
- Soppeng - Kingdom of Soppeng
- Southern Ming - Great Ming Empire
Spain - Kingdom of Spain[lower-alpha 1]
Stavelot-Malmedy - Imperial Abbey of Stavelot and Malmedy- Sukapura - State of Sukapura
- Sukadana - Sultanate of Sukadana
- Sulu - Sultanate of Sulu
- Sumbawa - Sultanate of Sumbawa
- Sumedang - State of Sumedang
- Sumenep - State of Sumenep
Sweden - Kingdom of Sweden
Switzerland - Swiss Confederacy
T
- Tallo - Sultanate of Tallo
- Tanette - State of Tanette
- Ternate - Sultanate of Ternate
- Thanjavur - Thanjavur Nayak Kingdom
- Tibet - Kingdom of Tibet
- Tidore - Sultanate of Tidore
- Tonga - Tu'i Tonga
- Tonkin - Great Viet Realm
Transylvania - Principality of Transylvania- Tuggurt - Sultanate of Tuggurt
- Turpan - Khanate of Turpan
Tuscany - Grand Duchy of Tuscany
V
W
Non-sovereign territories
England
Notes
- ↑ Philip IV had the title of "King of Spain", but actually ruled over a dynastic union consisting of the Crown of Aragon (Aragon, Valencia, Barcelona, Mallorca, Naples, Sardinia, and Sicily) and the Crown of Castile (Castile and León). Spain did not have a national flag in 1660.
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