1946 Philippine Senate election

1946 Philippine Senate election
	April 23, 1946
16 (of the 24) seats in the Senate; 13 seats needed for a majority
Senate President before election; Manuel Roxas; Liberal	Elected Senate President ; José Avelino; Liberal

Elections for the members of the Senate were held on April 23, 1946, in the Philippines (pursuant to Commonwealth Act No. 725).

Background

Soon after the reconstitution of the Commonwealth Government in 1945 Senators Manuel Roxas, Elpidio Quirino and their allies called for an early national election to choose the president and vice president of the Philippines and members of the Congress. In December 1945, the House Insular Affairs of the United States Congress approved the joint resolution setting the election date at not later than April 30, 1946.

Prompted by this congressional action, President Sergio Osmeña called the Philippine Congress to a three-day special session. Congress enacted Commonwealth Act No. 725, setting the election on April 23, 1946, and was approved by President Osmeña on January 5, 1946.

There are 24 seats in the Senate, with eight seats up every election for every three years starting from the first election in 1941. Of the results in that election, the first eight would have served for six years, the next eight for four years, and the last eight for two years. Due to the intervention of World War II and the destruction of records, this election was the next election since 1941, and that lots were drawn on the 16 seats that would have been up in this election, and those eight seats that would be up in 1947. Of the sixteen seats up in this election, the first eight would serve until 1951, while the last eight would serve until 1949.

Retiring incumbents

Nacionalista Party

Nacionalista Party (Liberal wing)

Quintin Paredes
- Ran for representative from Abra and won
Elpidio Quirino
- Ran for vice president of the Philippines and won
Manuel Roxas
- Ran for president of the Philippines and won

Mid-term vacancies

Daniel Maramba (Nacionalista), died on December 28, 1941
Jose Ozamiz (Nacionalista), executed on February 11, 1944

Senators running elsewhere

Eulogio Rodriguez (Nacionalista) ran for vice president of the Philippines and lost

Results

The election was generally peaceful and orderly except in some places where passions ran high, especially in the province of Pampanga. According to the controversial decision of the Electoral Tribunal of the House of Representatives on Meliton Soliman vs. Luis Taruc, Pampanga "was under the terroristic clutches and control of the Hukbalahaps. So terrorized were the people of Arayat, at one time, 200 persons abandoned their homes, their work, and their food, all their belongings in a mass evacuation to the poblacion due to fear and terror."

The dominant Nacionalista Party was divided into two wings in this election. The Liberal wing was led by Senate President Manuel Roxas, while the original Nacionalista Party was headed by President Sergio Osmeña. Roxas defeated Osmeña in the concurrent presidential election, while Roxas's running mate Senator Elpidio Quirino defeated Osmeña's running mate Senator Eulogio Rodriguez.

In the Senate elections, the Liberal wing won nine seats, the original Nacionalista Party won six seats, and the Popular Front won one.

These senators from Liberal wing defended their seats: Melecio Arranz, Mariano Jesus Cuenco, and Ramon Torres. Carlos P. Garcia was the sole senator from the original Nacionalista Party to defend his seat.

Newcomer senators include the Liberal wing's topnotcher Vicente J. Francisco, Jose Avelino, Olegario Clarin, Enrique Magalona, and Salidapa Pendatun. Neophytes from the original Nacionalista Party are Tomas Confesor, Alejo Mabanag, Tomas Cabili, and Ramon Diokno. Newcomer Vicente Sotto was the sole candidate of the Popular Front elected.

Jose Vera of the original Nacionalista Party, who last served in the Senate when it was abolished in 1935, is the sole senator to make a comeback.

The Liberal Party won nine out of 16 contested senatorial seats; the first eight senators would serve until 1951, and the second eight until 1949:

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18
Before election		‡	‡	‡	‡	‡	‡	‡^	‡^	‡	‡	‡	‡	‡	‡	‡	‡

Election result	Not up	LP									PF	NP						Not up
After election		√	√	*	*	*	*	+	+	+	+	*	*	*	*	√	√

Key:

‡ Seats up
^ Vacancy
+ Gained by a party from another party
√ Held by the incumbent
* Held by the same party with a new senator

Summary of the April 23, 1946 Senatorial election results
Rank	Candidate		Votes
1.	Vicente Francisco	Liberal	735,671
2.	Vicente Sotto	Popular Front	717,225
3.	José Avelino	Liberal	708,420
4.	Melecio Arranz	Liberal	666,700
5.	Ramon Torres	Liberal	640,477
6.	Tomás Confesor	Nacionalista	627,354
7.	Mariano Jesús Cuenco	Liberal	623,650
8.	Carlos P. Garcia	Nacionalista	617,542
9.	Olegario Clarin	Liberal	611,227
10.	Alejo Mabanag	Nacionalista	608,902
11.	Enrique Magalona	Liberal	591,796
12.	Tomas Cabili	Nacionalista	589,762
13.	José O. Vera	Nacionalista	588,993
14.	Ramón Diokno	Nacionalista	584,598
15.	José E. Romero^a	Nacionalista	563,816
16.	Salipada Pendatun	Liberal	557,156
17.	Prospero Sanidad^b	Liberal	556,772
18.	Vicente dela Cruz	Liberal	544,621
19.	Servillano dela Cruz	Liberal	536,995
20.	Pedro Magsalin	Liberal	516,127
21.	Antonio Paguia	Laborite	505,770
22.	Santiago Fonacier	Nacionalista	499,565
23.	Antonio Araneta	Nacionalista	491,054
24.	Emilio M. Javier	Popular Front	481,913
25.	Eduardo Cojuangco Sr	Liberal	481,683
26.	Pedro S. Reyes	Nacionalista	465,987
27.	Jose Altavas	Nacionalista	461,014
28.	Rafael Martinez	Nacionalista	449,534
29.	Vicente Lava	Liberal	431,842
30.	Mariano Garchitorena	Liberal	423,828
31.	Pedro Insua	Nacionalista	403,561
32.	Pascual Azanza	Nacionalista	397,835
33.	Carlos Padilla Sr.	Partido Modernista	75,066
34.	Dionesio Gutierrez	Nacionalista	49,037
35.	Francisco Zandueta	Independent Nacionalista	47,802
36.	Ramon Lopez	Democratic Alliance	44,718
37.	Vicente Ocampo	Partido Modernista	43,872
38.	Jose C. Soto	Partido Modernista	35,408
39.	Asa-ad Usman	Nacionalista	28,924
40.	Timoteo Consing	Nacionalista	27,597
41.	Emilia T. Del Rosario	Partido Modernista	25,586
42.	Manuel Silos	Partido Modernista	23,344
43.	Miguel Anzures	Partido Modernista	20,441
44.	Jose Climaco	Partido Modernista	20,231
45.	Ismael Golez	National Welfare Service Party	17,069
46.	Dominador Santiago	Partido Modernista	16,553
47.	Casiano Rosales	Partido Modernista	14,949
48.	Carlos V. Tolosa	Partido Modernista	13,527
49.	Paul Versoza	National Welfare Service Party	12,094
50.	Godofredo Calub	Partido Modernista	11,498
51.	Jesus Infante	Partido Modernista	10,487
52.	Melchor Lagasca	National Welfare Service Party	10,323
53.	Felix E. Rey	Partido Modernista	9,787
54.	Rosendo Zaldarriaga	Democratic	9,656
55.	Pasto Lavadia	Liberal	7,864
56.	Constancio P. Cecilio	Partido Modernista	7,807
57.	Marcelino Josue	Partido Modernista	4,604

Replaced by Prospero Sanidad, who won an election protest.
^ Replaced José E. Romero upon winning an election protest.

Per party

The Nacionalistas originally won 7 seats. but an election protest unseated a Nacionalista senator in favor of a Liberal one in 1946.



Party		Votes	%	Seats
Party		Votes	%	Up	Before	Won	After	+/−
	Nacionalista Party (Liberal wing)	8,626,965	47.71	6	7	9	10	+3
	Nacionalista Party	7,454,074	41.22	8	15	6	13	−2
	Popular Front	1,199,138	6.63	0	0	1	1	New
	Laborite Party	505,770	2.80	0	0	0	0	0
	Modernist Party	203,276	1.12	0	0	0	0	0
	Democratic Alliance	44,718	0.25	0	0	0	0	0
	Independent	47,802	0.26	0	0	0	0	0
Vacancy				2	2	0	0	−2
Total		18,081,743	100.00	16	24	16	24	0

Total votes		2,569,880	–
Registered voters/turnout		2,898,604	88.66
Source: Dieter Nohlen; Florian Grotz; Christof Hartmann; Graham Hassall; Soliman M. Santos (15 November 2001). Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook: Volume II: South East Asia, East Asia, and the South Pacific. ISBN 9780199249596. & Julio Teehankee. "Electoral Politics in the Philippines" (PDF). quezon.ph.

Vote share

LP			47.71%
NP			41.22%
PF			6.63%
Others			4.43%

Senate seats

LP			56.25%
NP			37.50%
PF			6.25%
Others			0.00%

References

External links

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Elections and referendums in the Philippines
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