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The year 2013 in Archosaur paleontology was eventful. Archosaurs include the only living dinosaur group — birds — and the reptile crocodilians, plus all extinct dinosaurs, extinct crocodilian relatives, and pterosaurs. Archosaur palaeontology is the scientific study of those animals, especially as they existed before the Holocene Epoch began about 11,700 years ago. The year 2013 in paleontology included various significant developments regarding archosaurs.
This article records new taxa of fossil archosaurs of every kind that have been described during the year 2013, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of archosaurs that occurred in the year 2013.
Pseudosuchians
Research
- Mesoeucrocodylian fossils, which might be the first recorded Cenozoic fossils of atoposaurids, are described from the Eocene Kaninah Formation of Yemen by Stevens et al. (2013).[1]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid[3] |
Puértolas-Pascual, Canudo & Moreno-Azanza |
Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) |
A eusuchian crocodylomorph belonging to the family Allodaposuchidae. Originally described as a species of Allodaposuchus; Narváez et al. (2016) transferred it to the genus Agaresuchus.[4] |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Pol et al. |
Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) |
Sediments alternatively referred by different authors to the Cañadón Calcáreo Formation or to the Puesto Almada Member of the Cañadón Asfalto Formation[5] |
A non-crocodyliform crocodylomorph. The type species is Almadasuchus figarii. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Buscalioni et al. |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A goniopholidid, a species of Anteophthalmosuchus. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Sues & Schoch |
Late Triassic (Norian) |
A non-crocodylomorph loricatan pseudosuchian, a new genus for "Halticosaurus" orbitoangulatus Huene (1932). |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Montefeltro et al. |
Late Jurassic |
A neosuchian crocodyliform related to Rugosuchus and Shamosuchus. The type species is Batrachomimus pastosbonensis. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Conrad et al. |
Miocene |
A new genus for "Crocodylus" pigotti. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Bona & Carabajal |
Late Miocene |
|||||
Sp. nov |
Fortier & Rincón |
Pleistocene |
A caiman, a species of Caiman. Considered to be a junior synonym of extant spectacled caiman (Caiman crocodilus) by Cidade et al. (2019).[12] |
|||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Hastings et al. |
Early or middle Miocene |
A caiman. The type species is Centenariosuchus gilmorei. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid[15] |
Martin et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A pholidosaurid, a new genus for "Sunosuchus" thailandicus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Herrera, Gasparini & Fernández |
Late Jurassic (Tithonian) |
Neuquén Basin |
A metriorhynchid, a species of Cricosaurus. |
|||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Scheyer et al. |
Early Pliocene |
A species of Crocodylus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Hastings et al. |
Probably early Miocene |
A caiman. The type species is Culebrasuchus mesoamericanus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Pinheiro et al. |
Itaboraí Basin |
A species of Eocaiman. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Scheyer et al. |
Late Miocene |
A caiman. The type species is Globidentosuchus brachyrostris |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Marinho et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A baurusuchid. The type species is Gondwanasuchus scabrosus. |
||||
Gen. et comb. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Buscalioni et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A goniopholidid, a new genus for "Goniopholis" willetti Salisbury & Naish (2011); genus also contains a new species Hulkepholis plotos. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Parrilla-Bel et al. |
Middle Jurassic (middle Callovian) |
Ágreda Formation |
A metriorhynchid. The type species is Maledictosuchus riclaensis. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Adams |
Early Cretaceous (late Aptian) |
A neosuchian crocodyliform. The type species is Paluxysuchus newmani. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Small & Martz |
Late Triassic |
An aetosaur. The type species is Stenomyti huangae. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Young et al. |
Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) |
A metriorhynchid, a species of Torvoneustes. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[25] |
Young et al. |
Middle Jurassic |
A metriorhynchid. The type species is Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos. |
||||
Newly named basal dinosauromorphs
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Martínez et al. |
Late Triassic (late Carnian) |
A silesaurid. The type species is Ignotosaurus fragilis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Peecook et al. |
Middle Triassic (Anisian) |
A silesaurid. The type species is Lutungutali sitwensis. |
||||
Non-avian dinosaurs
Research
- A study on the reproductive strategies of dinosaurs is published by Werner & Griebeler (2013).[28]
- A re-analysis of prior studies on the dinosaur growth rates is published by Myhrvold (2013).[29]
- A study on an assemblage of specimens of Aniksosaurus darwini from the Upper Cretaceous Bajo Barreal Formation (Argentina) evaluating whether the assemblage is truly monospecific and whether or not all the individuals died at the same time based on taphonomic data, is published by Ibiricu et al. (2013).[30]
- Redescription of Lusotitan atalaiensis and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of basal titanosauriform sauropods is published by Mannion et al. (2013).[31]
- A review of all fossil specimens referred to Euoplocephalus tutus, as well as specimens that were previously referred to Euoplocephalus but subsequently were assigned to different genera, is published by Arbour & Currie (2013).[32]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Evans, Larson & Currie |
Late Cretaceous (latest Maastrichtian) |
A dromaeosaurid. The type species is Acheroraptor temertyorum. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Evans et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Santonian) |
A pachycephalosaurid. The type species is Acrotholus audeti. |
||||
Nom. nov |
Valid |
Easter |
Late Cretaceous |
A member of Oviraptoridae; a replacement name for Ingenia Barsbold (1981). Funston et al. (2018) considered this genus to be a junior synonym of the genus Heyuannia.[36] |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Brown et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A relative of Orodromeus, Oryctodromeus and Zephyrosaurus. The type species is Albertadromeus syntarsus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[39] |
Choiniere et al. |
Middle or Late Jurassic (Callovian/Oxfordian boundary, more likely Callovian) |
A coelurosaur theropod, more closely related to ornithomimosaurs and maniraptorans than to tyrannosauroids. The type species is Aorun zhaoi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Godefroit et al. |
Middle or Late Jurassic |
A basal member of Avialae[40] or a troodontid.[41] The type species is Aurornis xui. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Machado et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A titanosaur. The type species is Brasilotitan nemophagus. | ||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wick & Lehman |
Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian) |
A chasmosaurine ceratopsian. The type species is Bravoceratops polyphemus. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Prieto-Márquez et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) |
Marnes d’Auzas Formation |
A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid related to Aralosaurus. The type species is Canardia garonnensis. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Farke & Sertich |
Late Cretaceous (Turonian) |
An abelisauroid theropod. The type species is Dahalokely tokana. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Chen et al. |
Cretaceous (Albian or Cenomanian) |
A nodosaurid. The type species is Dongyangopelta yangyanensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Godefroit et al. |
Middle or Late Jurassic |
A member of Paraves. The type species is Eosinopteryx brevipenna. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kirkland et al. |
Early Cretaceous (early Albian) |
A nodosaurid. The type species is Europelta carbonensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lü et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
A sauropod, a member of Somphospondyli. The type species is Gannansaurus sinensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
An oviraptorid. The type species is Ganzhousaurus nankangensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Pu et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A therizinosaur. The type species is Jianchangosaurus yixianensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wei et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
An oviraptorid theropod. The type species is Jiangxisaurus ganzhouensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Longrich |
Late Cretaceous (middle Campanian) |
A chasmosaurine ceratopsian. The type species is Judiceratops tigris. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Brusatte & Benson |
Late Jurassic (Tithonian) |
Kimmeridge Clay |
A basal tyrannosauroid, a new genus for "Stokesosaurus" langhami (Benson, 2008). |
| ||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Ibiricu et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian or Turonian) |
A rebbachisaurid sauropod. The type species is Katepensaurus goicoecheai. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Bell & Brink |
Late Cretaceous (Santonian) |
A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid, a new genus for "Procheneosaurus" convincens. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Longrich et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
A caenagnathid oviraptorosaur. The type species is Leptorhynchos gaddisi.[58] Originally genus also contained "Ornithomimus" elegans Parks (1933),[57] but this species was subsequently transferred to the separate genus Citipes.[59] |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Loewen et al. |
Late Cretaceous (middle Campanian) |
A tyrannosaurine tyrannosaurid. The type species is Lythronax argestes. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lü et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
An oviraptorosaur. The type species is Nankangia jiangxiensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Sampson et al. |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
A centrosaurine ceratopsian. The type species is Nasutoceratops titusi. | ||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Le Loeuff, Suteethorn & Buffetaut |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
A basal member of Titanosauria. The type species is Normanniasaurus genceyi. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Nesbitt et al. |
Middle Triassic (late Anisian) |
The oldest known dinosaur or the sister taxon of the Dinosauria. The type species is Nyasasaurus parringtoni. |
| |||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid[66] |
Penkalski |
Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) |
An ankylosaurine ankylosaurid. The type species is Oohkotokia horneri. The species was subsequently argued by Arbour and Currie (2013) to be a junior synonym of Scolosaurus cutleri.[32] |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Coria et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
A lithostrotian titanosaur related to Aeolosaurus. The type species is Overosaurus paradasorum. | ||||
sp nov |
Valid |
Prieto-Márquez & Wagner |
Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) |
Originally described as a species of Saurolophus; subsequently made the type species of a separate genus Augustynolophus by Prieto-Márquez et al. (2015).[69] |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Cau, Dalla Vecchia & Fabbri |
Cenomanian |
A carcharodontosaurid. The type species is Sauroniops pachytholus. Announced in 2012; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2013. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Zanno & Makovicky |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) |
A Neovenatorid theropod. The type species is Siats meekerorum. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Yang et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
Hekou Group |
A member of Polacanthinae. The type species is Taohelong jinchengensis |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Fanti et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A rebbachisaurid sauropod. The type species is Tataouinea hannibalis. | ||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Coria et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
An ornithopod dinosaur. The type species is Trinisaura santamartaensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Xu et al. |
Late Cretaceous (Campanian) |
An oviraptorid. The type species is Wulatelong gobiensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wu et al. |
Middle Jurassic |
A sauropod related to Mamenchisaurus. The type species is Xinjiangtitan shanshanesis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lü et al. |
Late Cretaceous |
An oviraptorid theropod dinosaur. The type species is Yulong mini. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang et al. |
Early Late Cretaceous |
A basal member of Hadrosauroidea. The type species is Yunganglong datongensis. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lü et al. |
Early Cretaceous |
A titanosauriform sauropod. The type species is Yunmenglong ruyangensis. |
||||
Birds
Research
- Eleutherornis is re-examined and classified as a member of Phorusrhacidae by Angst et al. (2013).[80]
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acrocephalus kordosi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Acrocephalidae. |
|||
Acrocephalus kretzoii [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Acrocephalidae. |
|||
Acrocephalus major [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
An Acrocephalidae. |
|||
Acrocephalus minor [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
An Acrocephalidae. |
|||
Aegithalos congruis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Aegithalidae. |
|||
Aegithalos gaspariki [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
An Aegithalidae. |
|||
Aethia barnesi [82] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid [83] |
N. Adam Smith |
Late Miocene |
USA: |
An Alcidae. |
||
Aethia storeri [82] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid [83] |
N. Adam Smith |
Blancan, San Diego Formation |
USA: |
|||
Agapornis attenboroughi [84] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Pliocene |
Varswater Formation |
A Psittacidae. |
|||
Alauda tivadari [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
An Alaudidae. |
|||
Anas denesi [85] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 13 |
A member of Anatidae. Originally described as a species of Anas;[85] Zelenkov (2016) transferred the species to the genus Aythya.[86] |
|||
Anthus baranensis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Motacillidae. |
|||
Anthus híri [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Motacillidae. |
|||
Aquila kurochkini [87] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Zlatozar N. Boev |
Late Pliocene |
Middle Villafranchian |
An Accipitridae. |
||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Campbell & Bocheński |
Late Pleistocene |
USA: |
A Strigidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov. |
Valid |
Benson & Erickson |
A member of the family Sulidae. The type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Bombycilla brevia [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
||||
Bombycilla kubinyii [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Calandrella gali [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
An Alaudidae. |
|||
Caracara major [90] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Andrés Rinderknecht Rafael Migot R. Ernesto Blanco |
Late Pleistocene |
Rio de la Plata Estuary |
A Falconidae. |
||
Carduelis kretzoii [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
||||
Carduelis lambrechti [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
||||
Carduelis medius [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Carduelis parvulus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Certhia immensa [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Certhiidae. |
|||
Cettia janossyi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
MN 13 |
A Cettiidae. |
||
Cettia kalmani [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Cettiidae. |
|||
Chambicuculus pusillus [91] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Rodolphe Tabuce El Mabrouk Essid Laurent Marivaux Hayet Khayati Monique Vianey-Liaud Mustapha Ben Haj Ali |
Djebel Chambi |
A basal Cuculidae. |
|||
Chambiortyx cristata [91] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Rodolphe Tabuce El Mabrouk Essid Laurent Marivaux Hayet Khayati Monique Vianey-Liaud Mustapha Ben Haj Ali |
Djebel Chambi |
A basal Galliformes. The type species of the genus. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Ya-Ming Wang Da-Qing Li Hai-Lu You |
A basal member of the Ornithuromorpha. The type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Cinclus gaspariki [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Cinclidae. |
|||
Cinclus minor [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Cinclidae. |
|||
Coccothraustes major [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Christophe Sand |
Late Holocene |
Cave deposits |
A Scolopacidae. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Cave deposits |
A Picidae. |
|||||
Delichon major [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Hirundinidae. |
|||
Delichon polgardiensis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Hirundinidae. |
|||
Delichon pusillus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Hirundinidae. |
|||
Divisulcus demerei [95] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
N. Adam Smith |
A Charadriiformes related to the Alcidae. The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Emberiza gaspariki [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Emberizidae. |
|||
Emberiza media [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Emberizidae. |
|||
Emberiza pannonica [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
An Emberizidae. |
|||
Emberiza parva [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Emberizidae. |
|||
Emberiza polgardiensis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
An Emberizidae. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Felicia B. Kulp |
Early Eocene |
USA: |
An Apodiformes, basal Hemiprocni Karkhu, 1992, Eocypselidae Harrison, 1984. |
|||
Erithacus minor [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Fringilla kormosi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
MN 15-16 |
|||
Fringilla petenyii [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Galerida pannonica [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Alaudidae. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Comb. nov. |
Valid |
Vanesa L. De Pietri |
Early Miocene |
MN 1-2 |
A Threskiornithidae, a new genus for "Ibis" pagana Milne-Edwards (1868), the type species of the new genus with which it creates a Comb. nov. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Kenneth E. Campbell, Jr. Zbigniew M. Bocheński |
Late Pleistocene |
USA: |
A Strigidae. |
|||
''Gobipipus reshetovi [98] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Konstantin Y. Mikhailov |
Late Cretaceous |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, this is the type species of the new genus. |
|||
Hippolais veterior [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
An Acrocephalidae. |
|||
Hirundo gracilis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Hirundinidae. |
|||
Hirundo major [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Hirundinidae. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Ya-Ming Wang Da-Qing Li Hai-Lu You |
Early Cretaceous |
A basal member of Ornithuromorpha. This is the type species of the new genus. |
||||
Khwenena leopoldinae [84] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Early Pliocene |
Varswater Formation |
A Psittacidae. The type species of the new genus. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jacqueline M. T. Nguyen Walter E. Boles |
Early Miocene |
A Cracticidae. The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Lanius capeki [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Laniidae. |
|||
Lanius hungaricus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Laniidae. |
|||
Lanius intermedius [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Laniidae. |
|||
Lanius major [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Laniidae. |
|||
Locustella janossyi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Locustella kordosi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
||||
Locustella magna [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Loxia csarnotanus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Lullula minor [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
An Alaudidae. |
|||
Lullula minuscula [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Alaudidae. |
|||
Lullula parva [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Alaudidae. |
|||
Luscinia denesi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Luscinia pliocaenica [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Melanocorypha minor [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Alaudidae. |
|||
Miocoracias chenevali [100] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jean-Baptiste Peyrouse Marguerite Hugueney |
Early Miocene |
Saint-Gérard-le-Puy, MN 2a |
A Coraciidae. |
||
Miotyto montispetrosi [101] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Ursula B. Göhlich Peter Ballmann |
Middle Miocene |
A Tytonidae. The type species of the new genus. |
|||
Monticola pongraczi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Motacilla intermedia [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Motacilla minor [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Motacillidae. |
|||
Motacilla robusta [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Motacillidae. |
|||
Muscicapa miklosi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Muscicapa petényii [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Not Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. The name is not valid because the "é" in the species name should be a plain "e". |
|||
Oenanthe kormosi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Oenanthe pongraczi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Late Oligocene |
A Coliidae. |
|||||
?Oligostrix bergeri [103] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Vanessa De Pietri Ursula Menkveld-Gfeller Christian A. Meyer Loïc Costeur |
Late Oligocene |
A Strigidormes, Protostrigidae Wetmore, 1933, possibly a species of Oligostrix Fischer, 1983. |
|||
Oriolus beremendensis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
An Oriolidae. |
|||
Otis hellenica [104] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Evangelia Tsoukala |
Middle-Late Turolian, MN12-13 |
Originally classified as a member of Otididae.[104] Zelenkov, Boev & Lazaridis (2016) reinterpreted it as a member of Gruiformes belonging to the family Eogruidae and the subfamily Ergilornithinae; the authors considered it to be a possible member of the genus Amphipelargus of uncertain specific assignment.[105] |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Juan C. Rando Josep A. Alcover Harald Pieper |
1790 ± 40 BP |
A Strigidae. |
||||
Palaelodus kurochkini [107] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Nikita V. Zelenkov |
Middle Miocene |
Ooshin Formation |
A Phoenicopteriformes, Palaelodidae Stejneger, 1885. |
||
Parus medius [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Paridae. |
|||
Parus parvulus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Paridae. |
|||
Parus robustus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Paridae. |
|||
Passer híri [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Passeridae. |
|||
Passer minusculus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Passeridae. |
|||
Passer pannonicus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Passeridae. |
|||
Pastushkinia zazhigini [108] |
Gen. nov. et Comb. nov. |
Valid |
Nikita V. Zelenkov |
Early Pliocene |
Hyargas-Nuur Formation |
A Rallidae; a new genus for "Crex" zazhigini Kurochkin (1980), creating a Comb. nov. |
||
Phoenicurus baranensis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Phoenicurus erikai [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Phylloscopus pliocaenicus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Phylloscopus venczeli [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
||||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Picidae. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jennifer P. Worthy Alan J. D. Tennyson R. Paul Scofield |
An Ardeidae. This is the type species of the new genus. |
|||||
Pinicola kubinyii [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Fringillidaem, Carduelinae. |
|||
Plectrophenax veterior [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Calcariidae. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jennifer P. Worthy Alan J. D. Tennyson Steven W. Salisbury R. Paul Scofield |
Early Miocene |
An Apterygidae. The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Prunella freudenthali [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Prunellidae. |
|||
Prunella kormosi [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Prunellidae. |
|||
Pyrrhula gali [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
||||
Pyrrhula minor [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Yang Jian Eric De Bast Li Cheng-Sen Thierry Smith |
Middle Paleocene |
Wanghudun Formation |
A bird of uncertain phylogenetic placement, but placed in a new family: Qianshanornithidae fam. nov. Mayr, Yang, De Bast, Li et Smith, 2013, most closely resembling Strigogyps Gaillard, 1908, Ameghinornithidae Mourer-Chauviré, 1981. The type species of the new genus. |
|||
Rallus cyanocavi [112] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
J. R. Morris |
Late Pleistocene |
Underwater Cave |
A Rallidae. |
||
Regulus pliocaenicus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Regulidae. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Zbigniew M. Bocheński Teresa Tomek Krzysztof Wertz Ewa Świdnicka |
Menilite Formation |
A Passeriformes. The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Riparia minor [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Hirundinidae. |
|||
?Rupelrallus belgicus [114] |
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Early Oligocene |
Boom Clay |
A Gruiformes, Parvigruidae Mayr, 2005. |
|||
Saintandrea chenoides [115] |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Vanesa L. De Pietri |
Late Oligocene |
Early Chattian, |
An Anatidae, Romainvilliinae Lambrecht, 1933. The type species of the new genus. |
||
Saxicola baranensis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Saxicola lambrechti [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Saxicola magna [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Saxicola parva [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Muscicapidae. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Sara Bertelli Bent E. K. Lindow |
Early Eocene |
A Neognathae related to the Charadriiformes. The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Sitta gracilis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Sittidae. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Not Valid, Junior homonym |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Sittidae; the name is preoccupied, a junior homonym of the brown-headed nuthatch, Sitta pusilla Latham, 1790. In the article describing the taxon its name is spelled Sitta pusilla or Sitta pussila on different pages.[81] |
||||
Sitta villanyensis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Sittidae. |
|||
Sturnus baranensis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Sturnidae. |
|||
Sturnus brevis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Sturnidae. |
|||
Sturnus pliocaenicus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Sturnidae. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Zhang Yuguang Meng Qingjin Li Quanguo Di Liu |
Early Cretaceous |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. The type species the new genus. |
||||
Sylvia intermedia [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Sylviidae. |
|||
Sylvia pussila [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Sylviidae. |
|||
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
|||||
Troglodytes robustus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
||||
Turdicus pannonicus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Turdidae. |
|||
Turdus major [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Turdidae. |
|||
Turdus medius [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Turdidae. |
|||
Turdus minor [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
MN 15-16 |
A Turdidae. |
|||
Turdus miocaenicus [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Turdidae. |
|||
Turdus polgardiensis [81] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Jenö Kessler |
Late Miocene |
A Turdidae. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Nathan D. Smith |
Late early Eocene |
USA: |
A possible relative of the Threskiornithidae. The type species of the new genus. |
|||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Walter E. Boles Melanie A. Finch Rene H. Hofheins Mary Walters Thomas H. Rich |
Namba Formation |
Initially thought to be a stone-curlew (a member of Burhinidae); subsequently argued to be a member of Presbyornithidae by De Pietri et al. (2016).[120] The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Wang Xuri Teng Fangfang Ji Qiang |
Early Cretaceous |
An early member of the Ornithothoraces of uncertain phylogenetic placement. The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Wang Xu-ri Ji Qiang Teng Fang-fang Jin Ke-mo |
An Ornithuromorphae Chiappe, Ji, Ji et Norell, 1999, Yanornithiformes Zhou et Zhang, 2001, Yanornithidae Zhou et Zhang, 2001 |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Wang Ya-Ming Li Da-Qing You Hai-Lu |
A basal member of the Ornithuromorpha. The type species is Yumenornis . |
|||||
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Zhang Zihui Han Gang |
Possibly Jiufotang Formation |
A member of the Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. The type species of the new genus. |
||||
Newly named pterosaurs
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Andres & Myers |
Late Cretaceous (early Coniacian) |
A non-pteranodontoid pteranodontian. The type species is Alamodactylus byrdi. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Bennett |
Late Jurassic |
A new genus for "Pterodactylus" longicollum von Meyer (1854). |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Rodrigues & Kellner |
Early Cretaceous (Albian) |
Cambridge Greensand |
A new genus for "Ornithocheirus" nasutus Seeley (1870); genus might also contain "Ornithocheirus" colorhinus Seeley (1870). Rodrigues & Kellner (2013) also considered it possible that "Pterodactylus" sedgwickii Owen (1859) belonged to the genus Camposipterus,[126] but subsequently it was made the type species of a separate genus Aerodraco.[127] |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Kellner |
Early Cretaceous |
A tapejarid. The type species is Caupedactylus ybaka. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Rodrigues & Kellner |
Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian/Turonian) |
A new genus for "Pterodactylus" cuvieri Bowerbank (1851). |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Martill & Etches |
Kimmeridgian |
A basal monofenestratan. |
| |||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Vremir et al. |
Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian) |
An azhdarchid. The type species is Eurazhdarcho langendorfensis. |
||||
Gen. et comb. nov |
Valid |
Rodrigues & Kellner |
Cretaceous (Albian to Cenomanian/Turonian) |
Cambridge Greensand |
A new genus for "Pterodactylus" giganteus Bowerbank (1846); genus also contains "Ornithocheirus" machaerorhynchus Seeley (1870) and "Ornithocheirus" microdon Seeley (1870). |
|||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Andres & Myers |
Early Cretaceous (late Aptian or early Albian) |
A non-azhdarchid azhdarchoid. The type species is Radiodactylus langstoni. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Naish, Simpson & Dyke |
Early Cretaceous (probably early Aptian) |
An azhdarchoid. The type species is Vectidraco daisymorrisae. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Codorniú & Gasparini |
Late Jurassic (Tithonian) |
A pterodactyloid pterosaur related to the clade Euctenochasmatia or Archaeopterodactyloidea. The type species is Wenupteryx uzi. |
||||
References
- ↑ Nancy J. Stevens; Robert V. Hill; Mohammed Al-Wosabi; Anne Schulp; Mustafa As-Saruri; Fuad Al-Nimey; Lea Ann Jolley; Yvonne Schulp-Stuip; Patrick O’Connor (2013). "A middle Eocene mesoeucrocodylian (Crocodyliformes) from the Kaninah Formation, Republic of Yemen". Geologos. 19 (3): 175–183. Bibcode:2013Geolg..19..175S. doi:10.2478/logos-2013-0010. S2CID 55179944.
- ↑ E. Puértolas-Pascual; J. I. Canudo; M. Moreno-Azanza (2014). "The eusuchian crocodylomorph Allodaposuchus subjuniperus sp. nov., a new species from the latest Cretaceous (upper Maastrichtian) of Spain". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 26 (1): 91–109. doi:10.1080/08912963.2012.763034. S2CID 85004774.
- ↑ "Puértolas, Eduardo, José I. Canudo & Miguel Moreno-Azanza. 2013. The eusuchian crocodylomorph Allodaposuchus subjuniperus sp. nov., a new species from the latest Cretaceous (upper Maastrichtian) of Spain". Archived from the original on 2019-09-08. Retrieved 2014-01-22.
- ↑ I. Narváez; C.A. Brochu; F. Escaso; A. Pérez-García; F. Ortega (2016). "New Spanish Late Cretaceous eusuchian reveals the synchronic and sympatric presence of two allodaposuchids". Cretaceous Research. 65: 112–125. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2016.04.018.
- 1 2 Diego Pol; Oliver W. M. Rauhut; Agustina Lecuona; Juan M. Leardi; Xing Xu; James M. Clark (2013). "A new fossil from the Jurassic of Patagonia reveals the early basicranial evolution and the origins of Crocodyliformes". Biological Reviews. 88 (4): 862–872. doi:10.1111/brv.12030. hdl:11336/7536. PMID 23445256. S2CID 14648168.
- 1 2 Buscalioni, A.D.; Alcalá, L.; Espílez, E.; Mampel, L. (2013). "European Goniopholididae from the Early Albian Escucha Formation in Ariño (Teruel, Aragón, España)". Spanish Journal of Palaeontology. 28 (1): 103–122. doi:10.7203/sjp.28.1.17835. S2CID 73570030.
- ↑ Hans-Dieter Sues; Rainer R. Schoch (2013). "Reassessment of cf. Halticosaurus orbitoangulatus from the Upper Triassic (Norian) of Germany – a pseudosuchian, not a dinosaur". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 168 (4): 859–872. doi:10.1111/zoj.12038. S2CID 83693894.
- ↑ Felipe C. Montefeltro; Hans C. E. Larsson; Marco A. G. de França; Max C. Langer (2013). "A new neosuchian with Asian affinities from the Jurassic of northeastern Brazil". Naturwissenschaften. 100 (9): 835–841. Bibcode:2013NW....100..835M. doi:10.1007/s00114-013-1083-9. PMID 23893176. S2CID 11705304.
- ↑ Jack L. Conrad; Kirsten Jenkins; Thomas Lehmann; Fredrick K. Manthi; Daniel J. Peppe; Sheila Nightingale; Adam Cossette; Holly M. Dunsworth; William E. H. Harcourt-Smithb; Kieran P. Mcnulty (2013). "New specimens of 'Crocodylus' pigotti (Crocodylidae) from Rusinga Island, Kenya, and generic reallocation of the species". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (3): 629–646. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.743404. S2CID 86141651.
- ↑ Paula Bona; Ariana Paulina Carabajal (2013). "Caiman gasparinae sp. nov., a huge alligatorid (Caimaninae) from the late Miocene of Paraná, Argentina". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 37 (4): 462–473. doi:10.1080/03115518.2013.785335. hdl:11336/19850. S2CID 84672157.
- ↑ Daniel Costa Fortier; Ascanio Daniel Rincón (2013). "Pleistocene crocodylians from Venezuela, and the description of a new species of Caiman". Quaternary International. 305: 141–148. Bibcode:2013QuInt.305..141F. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2012.03.018.
- ↑ Giovanne M. Cidade; Daniel Fortier; Ascanio Daniel Rincón; Annie Schmaltz Hsiou (2019). "Taxonomic review of two fossil crocodylians from the Cenozoic of South America and its implications for the crocodylian fauna of the continent". Zootaxa. 4656 (3): 475–486. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4656.3.5. PMID 31716812. S2CID 202012442.
- 1 2 Alexander K. Hastings; Jonathan I. Bloch; Carlos A. Jaramillo; Aldo F. Rincon; Bruce J. Macfadden (2013). "Systematics and biogeography of crocodylians from the Miocene of Panama". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (2): 239–263. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.713814. S2CID 83972694.
- ↑ Jeremy E. Martin; Komsorn Lauprasert; Eric Buffetaut; Romain Liard; Varavudh Suteethorn (2014). "A large pholidosaurid in the Phu Kradung Formation of north-eastern Thailand". Palaeontology. 57 (4): 757–769. doi:10.1111/pala.12086. S2CID 128482290.
- ↑ "Martin, Jeremy E., Komsorn Lauprasert, Eric Buffetaut, Romain Liard & Varavudth Suteethorn. 2013. A large pholidosaurid in the Phu Kradung Formation of north-eastern Thailand". Archived from the original on 2019-08-20. Retrieved 2014-01-10.
- ↑ Yanina Herrera; Zulma Gasparini; Marta S. Fernández (2013). "A new Patagonian species of Cricosaurus (Crocodyliformes, Thalattosuchia): first evidence of Cricosaurus in Middle–Upper Tithonian lithographic limestone from Gondwana". Palaeontology. 56 (3): 663–678. doi:10.1111/pala.12010. S2CID 131724027.
- 1 2 T. M. Scheyer; O. A. Aguilera; M. Delfino; D. C. Fortier; A. A. Carlini; R. Sánchez; J. D. Carrillo-Briceño; L. Quiroz; M. R. Sánchez-Villagra (2013). "Crocodylian diversity peak and extinction in the late Cenozoic of the northern Neotropics". Nature Communications. 4: Article number: 1907. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.1907S. doi:10.1038/ncomms2940. hdl:11336/13639. PMID 23695701.
- ↑ André E.P. Pinheiro; Daniel C. Fortier; Diego Pol; Diógenes A. Campos; Lílian P. Bergqvist (2013). "A new Eocaiman (Alligatoridae, Crocodylia) from the Itaboraí Basin, Paleogene of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 25 (3): 327–337. doi:10.1080/08912963.2012.705838. hdl:11336/5404. S2CID 84897348.
- ↑ Thiago da Silva Marinho; Fabiano Vidoi Iori; Ismar de Souza Carvalho; Felipe Mesquita de Vasconcellos (2013). "Gondwanasuchus scabrosus gen. et sp. nov., a new terrestrial predatory crocodyliform (Mesoeucrocodylia: Baurusuchidae) from the Late Cretaceous Bauru Basin of Brazil". Cretaceous Research. 44: 104–111. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2013.03.010.
- ↑ Jara Parrilla-Bel; Mark T. Young; Miguel Moreno-Azanza; José Ignacio Canudo (2013). "The First Metriorhynchid Crocodylomorph from the Middle Jurassic of Spain, with Implications for Evolution of the Subclade Rhacheosaurini". PLOS ONE. 8 (1): e54275. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...854275P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054275. PMC 3553084. PMID 23372699.
- ↑ Thomas L. Adams (2013). "A new neosuchian crocodyliform from the Lower Cretaceous (late Aptian) Twin Mountains Formation of North-Central Texas". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33 (1): 85–101. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.713277. S2CID 140535823.
- ↑ Bryan J. Small; Jeffrey W. Martz (2013). "A new aetosaur from the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation of the Eagle Basin, Colorado, USA". In S.J. Nesbitt; J.B. Desojo; R.B. Irmis (eds.). Anatomy, Phylogeny and Palaeobiology of Early Archosaurs and their Kin. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. Vol. 379. The Geological Society of London. pp. 393–412. doi:10.1144/SP379.18. S2CID 129503069.
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