2016 Jakarta attacks
Part of terrorism in Indonesia and the spillover of the Syrian civil war
2016 Jakarta attacks is located in Jakarta
2016 Jakarta attacks
Attack site shown on a map of Jakarta
LocationJakarta, Indonesia
Coordinates6°11′12.56″S 106°49′23.38″E / 6.1868222°S 106.8231611°E / -6.1868222; 106.8231611
Date14 January 2016
10:40 – 15:30 WIB (UTC+07:00)
Attack type
Suicide bombings, shootout
Deaths8 total
  • 4 civilians
  • 4 attackers
Injured24
PerpetratorsIslamic State Islamic State
No. of participants
4 to 14

On 14 January 2016, multiple explosions and gunfire were reported near the Sarinah shopping mall in central Jakarta, Indonesia, at the intersection of Jalan Kyai Haji Wahid Hasyim and Jalan MH Thamrin.[1] One blast went off in a Burger King restaurant outside the mall.[1] The attack occurred near a United Nations (UN) information centre, as well as luxury hotels and foreign embassies.[2] The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) confirmed that a Dutch UN official was seriously injured in the attacks.[3] It was reported an armed stand-off took place on the fourth level of the Menara Cakrawala (Skyline Building) on Jalan MH Thamrin.[4] At least eight people—four attackers and four civilians (three Indonesians and an Algerian-Canadian)—were killed, and 23 others were injured due to the attack. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) claimed responsibility.[3]

Background

Though Indonesia is far from the conflicts of the Middle East, the country has experienced several attacks by Islamist militants in the past two decades that have killed hundreds.[5]

This was the first major attack in Jakarta since the 2009 Jakarta bombings, which were carried out by Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) and killed 7 plus 2 suicide bombers.[5] JI is an al-Qaeda-linked group seeking to unite Indonesia, Malaysia, and the southern Philippines under an Islamic state.[6][7] Since the 2002 Bali bombings, in which over 200 were killed, Indonesia has stepped up attempts to crack down on violent extremism. A law was enacted by the Indonesian legislature in 2003 in this regard.[8]

According to a spokesman for the Indonesian National Police, the police had received information in November 2015 about a warning from ISIL that there would be an attack in Indonesia.[5][9] In 2015, it was reported by the Jakarta-based Institute for Policy Analysis of Conflict that at least 50 Indonesians had joined the thousands of foreign fighters who have travelled to Syria to fight for extremist groups trying to create an Islamic state there.[10]

Attacks

Armed Brimob police officers during the 2016 Jakarta attacks
Police post damaged by suicide bomb attack in front of the Sarinah mall

On 14 January 2016 at 10:40 a.m. local time, several blasts followed by gunfire were reported to have occurred in Central Jakarta, which is home to many luxury hotels, offices and embassies.[11] According to a spokesman for the Indonesian National Police, the attack involved an unknown number of assailants with grenades and guns.[5] A total of six explosions were counted by news media.[12]

The attack targeted a traffic police post at a major intersection, not far from the front doors of a Starbucks coffee shop and a Burger King franchise. The post was heavily damaged by explosions.[5] Although three explosions in Cikini, Slipi, and Kuningan neighbourhoods, near Turkish and Pakistan embassies were reported,[13] the Jakarta police later denied these explosions, as well as attacks in Simatupang and Palmerah, as a hoax.[14] One explosion went off in front of a shopping centre called the Sarinah mall, near the UN office.[11]

Footage later emerged purportedly showing two attackers huddling together outside the Burger King outlet when one of their suicide bombs was activated and they were blown up.[15][16]

A series of pictures showed two gunmen opening fire against a crowd which gathered on Jalan M.H. Thamrin around a police post damaged by the bombings. The first gunman appears to shoot at two police officers, and the crowd disperses. The second gunman then shoots another policeman at close range. A police spokesman said the first gunman then took two hostages, a Dutchman and an Algerian, in the Skyline building car park, and both gunmen were later shot dead by police.[17][18]

Perpetrators

According to Jakarta police, an ISIL-linked Indonesian extremist, Bahrun Naim, was the mastermind behind the attack. Naim, thought to be a native of Pekalongan city in Central Java, relocated to Raqqa, Syria sometime before the attacks; he has been known to authorities since at least 2010.[19][20] Naim appeared to maintain a blog in which he praises terrorist attacks, including the November 2015 Paris attacks, and calls on Indonesians to carry out such attacks in the archipelago.[20][21] Naim was arrested in November 2010 at his home in Solo, Indonesia on suspicion of terrorism connections and was convicted in June 2011 on weapons charges, with the court finding insufficient evidence to convict him of terrorism.[20]

An Indonesian national police official said three men had been detained in the investigation into a four-hour siege in the nation's capital Thursday that left seven people dead.[22]

Police were able to name one of the attackers, the subject of a widely shared image that became the face of the attack, Afif Sunakim, who was seen carrying a gun and rucksack during the attacks. He was earlier sentenced to seven years for attending a militant camp.[23]

Four attackers died during the attack. The two attackers who died in a suicide bombing were identified as Dian Juni Kurniadi and Ahmad Muhazab Saron, both aged 26. Two attackers who died in a shootout with police were named: firstly Afif, a.k.a. Sunakim a.k.a. Sunardi (age unknown), and secondly Marwan, a.k.a. Muhammad Ali (aged 40).[24][25]

Individuals in Malaysia may have been connected.[26]

Casualties

A total of twenty people were injured, including five police officers and an Algerian, who escaped from Burger King. The Dutch embassy also confirmed that one of its nationals was seriously injured and being treated at a hospital.[27] According to The New Paper, authorities had noted that some of the casualties were injured or killed while taking selfies.[28]

Of the four civilian casualties, three died on the day of the attack: Taher Amer-Ouali, 70, an Algerian-Canadian hearing care specialist visiting family in Indonesia when he was shot;[29][30][31] Rico Hermawan, 20 or 21, an Indonesian summoned for a traffic offence when a bomb exploded at the police post;[25][32] Sugito, 43, an Indonesian courier who was originally labelled as being an attacker due to him sharing a name with a suspected terrorist.[25][33][34] Rais Karna, 37, an Indonesian working at Jakarta branch of Bangkok Bank as a security guard, was the fourth civilian casualty, dying in hospital two days after the attack from head bullet wounds.[35][33]

Aftermath

Two days after the attack, Indonesian security forces arrested twelve people linked with the men. The twelve arrested were accused of plotting further attacks against Indonesian government, police and foreign targets in connection with the attackers who were shot dead in the attack.[36]

A counterterrorism movie based on the attacks, titled 22 Minutes, is released to tell the 22 minutes of the attack[37]

Reactions

Domestic

Condolence flowers in front of Sarinah mall. The text says: "Condolences for Sarinah victims, We are Not Afraid, from DPN Seknas Jokowi".

President Joko Widodo called the attacks "acts of terror" in a televised statement. In his statement, he said "Our nation and our people should not be afraid. We will not be defeated by these acts of terror. I hope the public stays calm. We all are grieving for the fallen victims of this incident, but we also condemn the act that has disturbed the security and peace and spread terror among our people."[38]

Residents of Jakarta, and across Indonesia took his statement "We are not afraid" to social media with the hashtag #KamiTidakTakut, which was widely used on Twitter in posts offering condolences to the victims or for expressing defiance.[3]

Starbucks issued a press statement condemning the attack.[3] They also stated that they would close all their Jakarta branches "until further notice."[39] However, Starbucks later re-opened all locations in Indonesia except for the store where the attacks took place.[40]

International

Supranational
States

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Kapoor, Kanupriya; Whiteside, Darren (14 January 2016). "Blasts, gunfight in Indonesian capital; at least three dead". Reuters. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  2. ↑ "Jakarta attacks: Bombs and gunfire rock Indonesian capital". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Spiller, Penny; Allen, Claudia; Lawson, Alastair; Wong, Tessa; Asher, Saira; Chen, Heather; Paterson, Simeon & Mikailu, Naziru (14 January 2016). "As it happened: Jakarta attacks". BBC News. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  4. ↑ Indrawan, Aditya Fajar (14 January 2016). "Kapolda dan Kapolres Jakpus Masuk ke Gedung Cakrawala Meski Ada Baku Tembak". detiknews. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Cochrane, Joe (13 January 2016). "Jakarta Attacks Leave at Least 4 Dead, Police Say". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  6. ↑ "Terrorism Havens: Indonesia". Council on Foreign Relations. December 2005. Archived from the original on 4 May 2009. Retrieved 17 July 2009.
  7. ↑ Onishi, Norimitsu (17 July 2009). "Militants Eyed in Indonesian Bombings". The New York Times. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
  8. ↑ Hor, Michael Yew Meng; Ramraj, Victor Vridar; Roach, Kent (2005). Global anti-terrorism law and policy. Cambridge University Press. p. 295. ISBN 0-511-13526-2. OCLC 252509175.
  9. ↑ "Live: Jakarta hit by explosions and gunfire". ABC News. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  10. ↑ Cochrane, Joe (31 January 2014). "Indonesian Militants Join Foreigners Fighting in Syria". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  11. 1 2 "7 dead as series of blasts rock Indonesian capital". www.dawn.com. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  12. ↑ Safi, Michael; Weaver, Matthew. "Jakarta attacks: Islamic State militants claim responsibility – live updates". the Guardian. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  13. ↑ "The Latest: 3 more blasts near Turkish, Pakistan embassies". San Diego Union-Tribune. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  14. ↑ Topsfield, Jewel (14 January 2016). "Jakarta attacks: seven dead in multiple attacks linked to Islamic State". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  15. ↑ Mills, Kelly-Ann (15 January 2016). "Chilling new footage shows moment ISIS thugs detonate suicide bomb during Jakarta attack". The Daily Mirror. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  16. ↑ Webb, Sam (14 January 2016). "Jakarta terror attack: ISIS suicide bombers captured detonating explosive vest outside Starbucks in horrific footage". The Daily Mirror. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  17. ↑ Mononimbar, Donny Andhika; Karensa, Edo; Almanar, Alin; Arnaz, Farouk. "Police Say Five Terrorists Killed in Jakarta Attacksi". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 15 January 2016. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  18. ↑ Yudhi. "Tempo Photojournalist Captures Moments When Two Terrorists Go on a Shooting Rampage". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 17 January 2016. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  19. ↑ "Islamic State claims Jakarta attack, police officer among dead". ABC News. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  20. 1 2 3 "Jakarta attacks: Profile of suspect Bahrun Naim". BBC News. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  21. ↑ Joe Cochrane, Bahrun Naim, Suspect in Jakarta Attack, Appears to Have Praised Paris Assaults in Blog, New York Times (14 January 2016).
  22. ↑ Johnson, Alex; Ahmad, Amalia (15 January 2016). "Indonesian Police Say Three Detained After Jakarta Attacks". NBC News. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  23. ↑ "Jakarta attacks: Convicted militant named as attacker". BBC. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  24. ↑ Arnaz, Farouk. "Five Attackers or Four? Police Still Unsure". Jakarta Globe. Archived from the original on 17 January 2016. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  25. 1 2 3 Promchertchoo, Pichayada. "Jakarta blasts: All seven casualties identified, 12 suspects arrested". Channel News Asia. Archived from the original on 18 August 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  26. ↑ Hawley, Samantha (26 January 2016). "Jakarta terror attack may be linked to Malaysia suspects". ABC News.
  27. ↑ "Jakarta attacks-What we know". www.bbc.com. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  28. ↑ "Jakarta blasts: Some took selfies instead of helping police call ambulance". 18 January 2016.
  29. ↑ "Attentat de Jakarta: les deux victimes algériennes identifiées" (in French). EL Watan. 15 January 2016. Archived from the original on 17 January 2016. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  30. ↑ "Canadian killed in Jakarta attacks was from Laval, Que". CBC. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  31. ↑ Jacobs, Andrew (19 January 2016). "Week of Attacks, Scores of Civilian Deaths and a Question: Why Them?". The New York Times. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
  32. ↑ "Jakarta bomb victim buried in Boyolali". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 17 February 2016. Retrieved 19 January 2016.
  33. 1 2 Promchertchoo, Pichayada. "Indonesia's most wanted terrorist Santoso may not be dead: Police". Channel News Asia. Archived from the original on 4 March 2017. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  34. ↑ Soeriaatmadja, Wahyudi (17 January 2016). "Jakarta attacks carried out by 4, not 5, militants: Police". The Straits Times. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  35. ↑ "Jakarta bombings: Death toll rises to eight after security guard dies from injuries". Nine News. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  36. ↑ Hawley, Samantha (16 January 2016). "Indonesian police arrest 12 over Jakarta attack". ABC News. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  37. ↑ Wijaya, Callistasia Anggun (22 April 2018). "Police apologize for closing Jl.M.H.Thamrin for anti-terrorism movie production". The Jakarta Post. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
  38. ↑ Cochrane, Joe (14 January 2016). "Four Confirmed Dead in Jakarta". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  39. ↑ "Starbucks closing Jakarta stores 'until further notice': Statement". Channel NewsAsia. MediaCorp. Agence France-Presse. 14 January 2016. Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  40. ↑ "Starbucks Statement on Attacks in Jakarta, Indonesia". Starbucks. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  41. ↑ "ASEAN Foreign Ministers' Statement on the Terrorist Attack in Jakarta". Association of Southeast Asian Nations. 15 January 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  42. ↑ "Statement by High Representative/Vice-President Federica Mogherini on the terrorist attack in Jakarta, Indonesia". European External Action Service. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  43. ↑ "Ban condemns attacks in Jakarta; says 'absolutely no justification' for such acts of terrorism". United Nations News Centre. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  44. ↑ "Matthew Doran on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  45. ↑ "Travel Advice for Indonesia - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade". smartraveller.gov.au. Archived from the original on 13 January 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  46. ↑ "Belarus strongly condemns Jakarta attacks". Belarus News. Belarusian Telegraph Agency. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  47. ↑ "Brunei condemns deadly Jakarta attack". Shanghai Daily. 15 January 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  48. ↑ Tasker, John. "Stéphane Dion offers support to Indonesia after attack that killed Canadian". CBC News. CBC. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  49. ↑ "Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Hong Lei's Regular Press Conference on January 14, 2016". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  50. ↑ "Solidarity with Indonesia". Minister of State and of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers and Official Spokesperson for the Government of Timor-Leste. Government of Timor-Leste. 15 January 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  51. ↑ "Egypt condemns Jakarta terror attacks - Politics - Egypt". Ahram Online. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  52. ↑ "PM Narendra Modi Condemns Jakarta Attack, Terms It As 'Reprehensible'". NDTV. PTI. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  53. ↑ "Abe voices solidarity with Indonesia over blasts". NHK World. Japan Broadcasting Corporation. 15 January 2016. Archived from the original on 19 January 2016. Retrieved 2016-01-15.
  54. 1 2 Wong, Alan (14 January 2016). "Foreign Countries Condemn Attacks". The New York Times - The New York Times. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  55. ↑ "Malaysia offers Indonesia help following Jakarta bomb blasts". Bernama. The Borneo Post. 15 January 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  56. ↑ "Malaysia strongly condemns bomb explosion incident in Jakarta". Bernama. Astro Awani. 14 January 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
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  61. ↑ "AFP, PNP verifying if guns used in Jakarta attack came from PHL". GMA News Online. 18 January 2016. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
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  63. ↑ Min, Chew Hui (14 January 2016). "Singapore steps up security following Jakarta blasts, extends full support to Indonesia: PM Lee". The Straits Times. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
  64. ↑ "Sri Lanka condemns terrorist attack in Jakarta". Lanka Business Online. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
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