Eastern Homs offensive (2017)
Part of the Syrian Civil War and the Russian military intervention in Syria

Situation in southern Syria from 6 February to 30 April; Government advances are shown at the top of the map.
Date5 March – 12 May 2017
(2 months and 1 week)
Location
Tadmur District, Eastern Homs Governorate, Syria
Result

Syrian government victory

  • The Syrian Army expands the buffer zone around Palmyra[1] by capturing more than 230 square miles of territory around the city[2]
Belligerents

Syria Syrian Arab Republic

 Russia
Allied militias:
Hezbollah[3]		 Islamic State Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
Commanders and leaders
Maj. Gen. Mohammed Hassan Sultan †[4]
(5th Corps commander)
Mahmoud Wanous †[3]
(NDF commander)
Ali Muhammad Beaz †[3]
(Hezbollah commander)		 Islamic State Abu Hamid al-Sukhni †
(ISIL commander)
Units involved

Syrian Armed Forces

Russian Armed Forces

Hezbollah[3]

  • Radwan Forces[18]
  • Syrian Hezbollah units
    • al-Ridha Forces[18]
    • al-Ghalibun[5]
    • Imam Mahdi Brigade[5]
 Islamic State Military of ISIL
Strength
4,900+[16][17][15] Unknown

The Eastern Homs offensive in 2017 was a military operation of the Syrian Arab Army and its allies in Eastern part of Homs Governorate against Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant forces during the Syrian Civil War.

Background

The Syrian Army captured the Palmyra Triangle area, Palmyra Castle, Qatari Castle, and al-Amriyah village, as well as many hilltops including Jabbal Hayyal and Jabbal al-Tar after an assault on 1 March.[19][20][21] On the same day, the Syrian army and allies backed by warplanes, had entered to the modern city of Palmyra and captured the al-Motaqadin street after captured the western and northern western sections of the city amid information about pulling back by ISIL from the city.[22][23] On the next day, ISIL launched a failed counter-attack following which SAA attacked and imposed full control over Jabal al-Tar and Palmyra Castle.[24] ISIL later withdrew from most of Palmyra, after they mined many points in the city. However, they left behind suicide bombers in the eastern districts of Palmyra, to cover the retreat of the ISIL militants, and to hamper the progress of the Syrian Army.[25][26][27] On 2 March, the Syrian Army recaptured the entire city of Palmyra, after ISIL fully withdrew from the city.[28] On the next day, the Syrian Army captured the Palmyra Airport,[29] and completely secured it on 4 March, after ISIL was forced to retreat to the Palmyra Grain Silos to the east of the airport.[30]

The offensive

Army advances north of Palmyra; Jazal oil fields captured

On 5 March 2017, the Syrian Army captured all hills to the south of the Jazal oil fields, to the northwest of the city of Palmyra. They later attacked the oil fields as well, forcing ISIL to withdraw. The group set the oil fields on fire while retreating.[31] On the next day, the Syrian army secured the entirety of the Jazal Oil Fields and captured the adjacent Jazal mountain.[32][33][34]

On 7 March, the Syrian Army captured Al-Amriyah Mountain and the surrounding hills, securing the fire control over the Palmyra Grain Silos.[35] On 13 March, the Syrian army captured the Palmyra Electrical Station and Sabkhat al Muh area south of the city of Palmyra.[36][37] On the same day, the Syrian army captured the Palmyra Grain Silos.[38] They also captured the Wadi al-Ahmar area furing the same day.[39] On 14 March, the Syrian Army captured the Mustadirah Mountains in northeastern Palmyra.[40] Later, the Syrian army captured the Mustadirah Gas Fields during the early hours.[41]

On 15 March, the Syrian Army reached the strategic Talilah Crossroad where clashes took place.[42] The next day, the Syrian Army captured the mountain of Jabal Mazar, the adjacent Hajjana Storage Base, Palmyra Gas Fields and officially secured all high points around the city of Palmyra.[43][44]

On 17 March, the Syrian Army launched another attack on the Al-Talilah Crossroad and Al-‘Antar Mountains.[45] Two days later, government troops captured the mountain ridge located north of the recently captured Jabal Mazar. This gave them fire-control of the nearby Al-Hurm Mountains in the northern Palmyra countryside. Later in the day, the 5th Legion of the Syrian Army also secured the Talialh Mountains some 20 kilometres south-west of Palmyra.[46][47]

On 23 March, ISIL attacked one of the Syrian Army outposts to the east of Palmyra killing four soldiers.[48] The attack was eventually repelled by the newly-created elite unit ISIL Hunters who killed 24 attackers and wounded 12. An ISIL vehicle was also destroyed.[49]

On 27 March, the Army captured four mountains and Brigade 550 Base and several other points to the north of Palmyra.[50][51] These advances moved the government closer to resolving its long-standing energy crisis amid reports that ISIL had withdrawn from the Jirah and Sha’er Gas Fields not long after the Syrian Army captured the mountaintops northwest of Palmyra.[52] It launched a new assault in the eastern countryside of Palmyra on 31 March, targeting the road to the strategic Arak gas fields. The SAA seized some points on the Palmyra-Sukhnah road during the day.[53]

The SAA captured the Abu al-Duhur mountain in eastern Homs on 2 April. The capture of Abu al-Duhur gave them fire control over Abu Qulah dam and Wadi Al-Hissu.[54] Jabal al-Taj was also reported to have been captured by the Syrian Army.[55] On 4 April, they captured an area of a mountain chain north of Palmyra overlooking the Arak gas fields.[56][57]

After the Tomahawk missile strike on Shayrat Air Base carried out by the United States, ISIL launched attacks on Syrian Army defenses in Palmyra, taking advantage of absence of Syrian Air Force in eastern Homs. It attacked the checkpoints outside the village of al-Furqalas, however the attack was repelled with the Homs-Palmyra road secured.[58]

Army advances south of Palmyra

On 7 April, the Syrian Army advanced several kilometers along the M-90 highway, south of Palmyra, capturing farms, a quarry, and a racing runway. The advance cut one of ISIL's supply lines in the region.[59][60] Three days later, the military captured the ISIL positions in the eastern parts of the Al-Abtar Mountains[61][62] and reportedly reached the Sawwanah Junction, while pushing towards the Khunayfis Phosphate Mines.[63] On 11 April, they advanced in the areas of Al-Abtar Mountains, Matla’ al-Sukkar and Qasr al-Halabat.[64][65]

Renewed northern advances; al-Shaer gas fields captured

Amaq News Agency claimed on 14 April that ISIL had killed 11 Syrian soldiers near Sabkha al-Mawah in eastern Palmyra.[66] On 18 April, SAA's 5th Legion along with the 18th Tank Division captured the Abu Qilla Dam.[67]

On 24 April, the SAA led by the ISIL Hunters captured several points overlooking the al-Shaer gas fields.[68] On 26 April, it captured al-Shawr gas fields as well as all the hills overlooking it.[69] On 27 April, SAA led by the 5th Legion and assisted by Russian helicopters captured the abandoned Armored Battalion base, expanding on the gains made a day before when they captured Shaer Gas Fields. During the same day, the Syrian Army also took hold of entire Al-Bayda’a mountain range.[70][71] On 28 April, the Army captured all of the oil wells in the Shaer Gas Fields. Government forces then started demining the gas fields which were also on fire.[72]

Highway secured Homs-Palmyra; Fighting in the Shumriyah Mountains

On 30 April, the SAA backed by the NDF, captured six villages and two hilltops in northeastern Homs.[73] The advance helped them in securing the Palmyra-Homs highway, the main supply line to Palmyra.[74] ISIL carried out a counterattack on 2 May in the axis between Palmyra silos and Talilah crossroads, with Amaq claiming the group had captured several outposts and had killed 11 soldiers.[75]

On 3 May, the SAA captured the Shumriyah Mountains, west of Palmyra, as well as three nearby villages.[76] The next day, pro-government forces captured four positions near the Talilah crossroads.[77] Between 6 and 10 May, the SAA captured six hilltops east of Al-Shumriyah Mountains and near the al-Shaer gas fields.[78][79][80][81] On 12 May, the SAA, backed by the Russian Air Force, captured the entire Talilah area.[82] They also captured the quarries to the east of al-Shumriyah Mountains, in addition to the Maqla’ Al-Mushairifah Al-Janoubi area, thus imposing fire control over the road linking the villages of Jubab Hamad, Rasm Hamida and Habrah Al-Gharbiyah.[83]

Aftermath

As part of an offensive to clear out both the rebels and ISIL from the southern portion of the Syrian desert, half a dozen fronts were opened by the Army, including south and east of Palmyra.[84]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Fadel, Leith (17 March 2017). "Syrian Army expands buffer-zone around Palmyra". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  2. ↑ Fadel, Leith (12 April 2017). "Syrian Army liberates more than 230 square miles of territory around Palmyra". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "New Deaths of Hezbollah militia in Syria". El-Dorar Al-Shamia. 13 May 2017. Archived from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 15 May 2017.
  4. ↑ "ISIS kills senior army commander in Palmyra". Zaman al Wasl. 23 March 2017. Retrieved 25 March 2017.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi (24 December 2016). "The Fifth Legion: A New Auxiliary Force". Syria Comment. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
  6. ↑ Tomson, Chris (11 December 2016). "ISIS fully retakes Palmyra in stunning blitz offensive – Map update". al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 11 December 2016. Retrieved 11 December 2016.
  7. 1 2 Tomson, Chris (2 March 2017). "Islamic State retreats from Palmyra amid stunning Syrian Army offensive". al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
  8. 1 2 Fadel, Leith (11 February 2017). "Syrian special forces leave west Palmyra for east Aleppo". al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
  9. ↑ "Ivan Sidorenko on Twitter". Archived from the original on 3 April 2017. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
  10. ↑ "ISIS Hunters on Twitter".
  11. ↑ Fadel, Leith (16 December 2016). "Elite Syrian Army unit parachutes into Palmyra countryside". al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2016.
  12. ↑ Gregory Waters (21 April 2018). "The Growing Role of Reconciled Rebels in Syria". International Review. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  13. ↑ Who are the pro-Assad militias in Syria? Middle East Eye, 25 September 2015
  14. ↑ Tomson, Chris (2 March 2017). "Islamic State retreats from Palmyra amid stunning Syrian Army offensive". Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  15. 1 2 Leith Fadel (23 February 2016). "Exclusive: Over 900 Syrian Marines join elite military shield forces". al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 23 February 2017.
  16. 1 2 Yakovlev, Ivan (20 December 2016). "The fall of Palmyra: Chronology of the events". al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 22 December 2016. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
  17. 1 2 Fadel, Leith (12 February 2017). "Russian special forces arrive in west Palmyra". al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
  18. 1 2 Albin Szakola (16 December 2016). "Hezbollah deploys to Palmyra front: report". NOW. Archived from the original on 8 October 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  19. ↑ "Breaking: Syrian Army on verge of recapturing Palmyra [Map + Video]". Al-Masdar News. 1 March 2017. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  20. ↑ "Syrian army advances to outskirts of IS-held Palmyra". The Associated Press. Digital Journal. 1 March 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  21. ↑ "ISIS in deep trouble as the Syrian Army enters Palmyra city". Al-Masdar News. 1 March 2017. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  22. ↑ "Syria army enters ISIL-held Palmyra: monitor". Agence-France Presse. The National. 1 March 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  23. ↑ "Regime forces enter Tadmur city". SOHR. 1 March 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  24. ↑ "Syrian Army prepares for final assault to liberate Palmyra". Al-Masdar New. 2 March 2017. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
  25. ↑ "تنظيم "الدولة الإسلامية" ينسحب من مدينة تدمر بعد تلغيمه وتفخيخه لنقاط كثيرة فيها". Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  26. ↑ Tomson, Chris (2 March 2017). "Islamic State retreats from Palmyra amid stunning Syrian Army offensive". Archived from the original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
  27. ↑ "Syrian forces with Russian air support take Palmyra".
  28. ↑ "Syrian army announces recapture of Palmyra from Islamic State".
  29. ↑ Charkatli, Izat (3 March 2017). "Breaking: Syrian Army captures Palmyra Airport from ISIS". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 4 March 2017.
  30. ↑ Fadel, Leith (4 March 2017). "Syrian Army fully secures Palmyra Airport after intense clashes with ISIS". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  31. ↑ Tomson, Chris (5 March 2017). "BREAKING: Syrian Army storms Jazal oil field near Palmyra". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  32. ↑ Fadel, Leith (6 March 2017). "Syrian Army liberates Jazal Gas Fields in northern Palmyra". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  33. ↑ "Syrian army captures key oil field near Palmyra". Xinhua.
  34. ↑ Tomson, Chris (7 March 2017). "VIDEO: Syrian Army expands buffer zone around Palmyra - Map update". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  35. ↑ Tomson, Chris (7 March 2017). "Syrian Army reaches Palmyra Silos, expels ISIS from adjacent mountains - Map update". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  36. ↑ Fadel, Leith (13 March 2017). "Syrian Army liberates Palmyra Electrical Station as ISIS retreats south". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  37. ↑ Yuseef, Yusha (13 March 2017). "بالفيديو -- الجيش السوري يتابع تقدمه في ريف تدمر الشرقي ويسيطر على سبخة الموح ومحطة الكهرباء". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  38. ↑ Fadel, Leith (13 March 2017). "Syrian Army liberates Palmyra silos amid large push east of city". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  39. ↑ Leith Fadel (14 March 2017). "Syrian Army makes important advance towards key gas field in east Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
  40. ↑ Fadel, Leith (14 March 2017). "Syrian Army liberates large mountaintop overlooking Palmyra". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  41. ↑ Fadel, Leith (15 March 2017). "ISIS mass collapsing in east Palmyra as Syrian Army troops advance eastward". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
  42. ↑ Thompson, Chris (15 March 2017). "Syrian Army restarts Deir Ezzor liberation campaign after push east of Palmyra – Map update". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
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  60. ↑ "Shells target Makhram Foqani and clashes violently continue in Palmyra desert". Retrieved 23 April 2017.
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  63. ↑ Fadel, Leith (11 April 2017). "Major push made by Syrian Army, Hezbollah units south of Palmyra". Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  64. ↑ Fadel, Leith (12 April 2017). "Syrian Army seizes control of strategic hills near Palmyra: video". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  65. ↑ Army establishes control over al-Abtar Mountain in Homs Countryside, inflicts heavy losses upon terrorists in different areas
  66. ↑ "In pictures: 11 Syrian troops killed amid skirmishes with ISIS insurgents east of Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. 14 April 2017. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  67. ↑ "Trump's missile strike fails to stop the Syrian Army in west Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. 18 April 2017. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  68. ↑ Fad, Leith (24 April 2017). "ISIS Hunters on the verge of liberating the strategic Al-Sha'er Gas Fields". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  69. ↑ Fad, Leith (26 April 2017). "ISIL falls apart in northern Palmyra as Syrian Army troops liberate strategic gas fields". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  70. ↑ Velez, Renato (27 April 2017). "Syrian Army captures abandoned base amid swift advance in east Homs". AMN - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  71. ↑ Fadel, Leith (27 April 2017). "Syrian Army liberates mountain chain north of Palmyra: map". AMN - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2017.
  72. ↑ Tomson, Chris (28 April 2017). "ISIS on its last legs as the Syrian Army imposes full control over gas field in east Homs". AMN - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
  73. ↑ Illingworth, Andrew (30 April 2017). "BREAKING: Syrian Army and allies liberate a string of villages and hilltops from ISIS in northeastern Homs". AMN - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  74. ↑ Tomson, Chris (30 April 2017). "VIDEO: Syrian Army secures Palmyra supply line after expelling ISIS from nearby mountains". AMN - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  75. ↑ Tomson, Chris (4 May 2017). "ISIS captures anti-tank missiles from Syrian Army in Palmyra counter-offensive (video + pictures)". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  76. ↑ Tomson, Chris (4 May 2017). "Syrian Army liberates three villages deep inside ISIS heartland of rural Homs (footage)". AMN - Al-Masdar News | المصدر نيوز. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2017.
  77. ↑ Fadel, Leith (4 May 2017). "Syrian Army makes important advance southeast of Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  78. ↑ Fadel, Leith (6 May 2017). "Video footage of Syrian Army troops liberating new territory in northeast Homs". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  79. ↑ Fadel, Leith (7 May 2017). "Syrian Army captures new hilltop in northeast Homs". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  80. ↑ "VIDEO: Syrian Army seizes three hills amid offensive pouncing through ISIS heartland in Homs". Archived from the original on 28 September 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
  81. ↑ Regime forces advance in areas in the eastern desert of Homs and clashes in the countryside of al-Salamiyah
  82. ↑ Castro, Ivan (12 May 2017). "Syrian government forces retake an important crossroads from ISIS east of Palmyra". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2017.
  83. ↑ Castro, Ivan (12 May 2017). "Another setback for ISIS in eastern Homs as Syrian Army captures a new site". Al-Masdar News. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 14 May 2017.
  84. ↑ SAA OPENS SIX FRONTS IN BADIYEH REGION TO FACE TERRORISTS

34°33′36″N 38°16′02″E / 34.5600°N 38.2672°E / 34.5600; 38.2672

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