American Samoa Senate
American Samoa Fono
Coat of arms or logo
Type
Type
Term limits
None
History
FoundedOctober 26, 1948 (1948-10-26)
Leadership
Tuaolo Fruean (I)
since January 8, 2021
Structure
Seats18
Political groups
  •   Non-partisan (18)
Length of term
4 years
Salary$25,000/year
Website
www.americansamoa.gov/fono

The American Samoa Senate is the upper house of the American Samoa Fono. The Senate, like the lower House of Representatives, is a nonpartisan body. It is composed of 18 senators, serving a four-year term.

History

American Samoa became a United States territory in 1900 and was initially administered by the Navy. From 1905, annual meetings were held with delegates sent from the local communities, as an advisory council to the naval governor.[1][2]

In 1948, a bicameral legislature was established, still in advisory capacity. The upper house, named the House of Ali‘i, was composed of 12 members, being the seven high chiefs of Tutuila and the five high chiefs of Manu‘a.[1][2][3][4] This legislature was reformed in 1952, after administration of American Samoa had been transferred to the Department of the Interior. Members of the House of Ali‘i became advisors to the governor, while a new upper house, named the Senate, was established. There were 15 senators, five from each of the three districts of American Samoa (Western, Eastern and Manu‘a). Senators were elected in open meetings, according to Samoan custom, and had to be holders of a matai title.[2][5][4]

In 1960, the first constitution of American Samoa was adopted. The Senate became composed of 15 members: one from each of the then 14 counties, elected for four-year terms, and an additional senator rotating from the then four counties of the Western District, elected for two-year terms.[2][6] In 1967, the revised constitution modified the Senate to 18 members, all elected for four-year terms: two from the combined counties of Ta‘ū island; one from the combined counties of Ofu-Olosega; three from Ma‘oputasi county; two each from Sua, Itu‘au and Tualauta counties; and one from each of the six remaining counties. Under both constitutions, senators are elected according to Samoan custom by the county councils and must be holders of a matai title.[2][7]

Fano Solinuu Shimasaki was the first woman to serve in the American Samoa Senate.[8]

List of senators

As of 2021, the members of the American Samoa Senate are:[9]

Districts[10]Counties[10]Senators
1Taʻū, Faleasao, FitiutaMaʻo Faʻauma Gogo
Tauiliili Lauifi
2Ofu, OlosegaMalaepule Saite Moliga
3SaʻoleUtu Sila Poasa
4VaifanuaHC Satele Aliitai Lilio
5SuaMuagututiʻa Moevasa Tauoa
Togiola Tulafono
6MaʻoputasiTuaolo Manaia Fruean, President
Fano Mitch Shimasaki
Uti Petelo
7ItuʻauAlo P. Stevenson
Soliai T. Fuimaono
8TualautaMagalei Logovii
Fonoti Tafaifa Aufata
9LeasinaTuiagamoa T. Tavai
10TualataiSatele Galu T. Satele
11FofoFaiivae Iuli Alex Godinet
12LealatauaPonemafua Tapeni

Voting

The American Samoa Senate is the only legislature of its kind in the entire United States, both state and territorial, that is not directly elected by the voting population. Instead, the Senate's voting franchise is strictly limited to the various chiefs of the islands.[11]

Past composition of the Senate

References

  1. 1 2 Historical Sketch of the Naval Administration of the Government of American Samoa, Capt. T. F. Darden, 1952.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 History of the Fono, AmSamoa.net.
  3. ↑ The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1953, S. H. Steinberg.
  4. 1 2 Elite Communication in Samoa: A Study of Leadership, Felix M. Keesing and Marie M. Keesing, 1956.
  5. ↑ The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1954, S. H. Steinberg.
  6. ↑ Constitution of American Samoa, 1960.
  7. ↑ Revised Constitution of American Samoa, American Samoa Bar Association.
  8. ↑ "To all the women of American Samoa who came before us". Office of U.S. Congresswoman Aumua Amata Coleman. Samoa News. 2021-03-05. Archived from the original on 2021-04-21. Retrieved 2022-01-25.
  9. ↑ "American Samoa Legislature (Fono)". Retrieved November 15, 2021.
  10. 1 2 2.0202 Districts, American Samoa Bar Association.
  11. ↑ "american samoa". american samoa. Retrieved 2017-02-07.

14°16′42″S 170°41′20″W / 14.2782°S 170.6890°W / -14.2782; -170.6890

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