Bhutanese legislation is created by the bicameral Parliament of Bhutan. Either the Monarch Druk Gyalpo or the non-partisan house National Council or the seat of the Government National Assembly may admit bills into Parliament to be passed as acts, with the exception of money and financial bills, which are the sole purview of the National Assembly.[1][2] When a bill has been introduced and passed by one house, it must present the bill to the other house within thirty days from the date of passing, and the bill may be passed during the next session of Parliament.[1] In the case of budget bills and urgent matters, a bill must be passed in the same session of Parliament.[1]

Once bills have passed Parliament, they are submitted to the King for royal assent within fifteen days.[1]

If the other house neither passes nor returns the bill by the end of the next session, the bill is deemed to have passed, and the house in which the bill originated shall present the bill within fifteen days to the King for assent.[1]

If the King does not grant assent to the bill, he returns the bill with amendments or objections for Parliament to deliberate and vote on the bill in a joint sitting. After Parliament deliberates and passes the bill in a joint sitting, Parliament resubmits the bill to the Druk Gyalpo who must then grant assent to the bill.[1]

Acts passed predating the enactment of the Constitution in 2008 were passed under different procedures, some originating as promulgations by the King as indicated in their preamble. Below is a list of acts of the Kingdom of Bhutan.

List of acts of the Kingdom of Bhutan

Order[nb 1]Act[3]YearEnglishDzongkha
88Anti-Corruption Act, 20112011
87Royal Monetary Authority Act2010English and Dzongkha
86Tobacco Control Act2010English and Dzongkha
85Entitlement & Service Conditions Act for the Holders, Members & Commissioners of Constitutional Offices2010English and Dzongkha
84Bhutan Standards Act2010English and Dzongkha
83Local Government Act2009English and Dzongkha
82Cooperative (Amendment) Act2009EnglishDzongkha
81Prison Act2009English and Dzongkha
80Royal Bhutan Police Act2009English and Dzongkha
79Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan2008EnglishDzongkha
78Election Act of the Kingdom of Bhutan2008EnglishDzongkha
77National Council Act2008EnglishDzongkha
76National Assembly Act2008EnglishDzongkha
75National Referendum Act2008(unavailable)Dzongkha
74Public Election Fund Act2008EnglishDzongkha
73Parliamentary Entitlements Act2008EnglishDzongkha
72Land Act2007EnglishDzongkha
71Civil Society Organizations Act2007EnglishDzongkha
70Immigration Act2007EnglishDzongkha
69Judicial Service Act2007English(unavailable)
68Labour and Employment Act2007English and Dzongkha
67Natural Environment Protection Act2007EnglishDzongkha
66Public Finance Act2007EnglishDzongkha
65Religious Organizations Act2007EnglishDzongkha
64Local Governments Act[nb 2]2007English and Dzongkha
63Anti Corruption Act2006EnglishDzongkha
62Audit Act2006EnglishDzongkha
61Bhutan Information Communications & Media Act2006EnglishDzongkha
60Office of the Attorney General Act2006EnglishDzongkha
59Evidence Act2005English(unavailable)
58Food Act2005English(unavailable)
57Movable Cultural Property Act2005EnglishDzongkha
56Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and Substance Abuse Act2005EnglishDzongkha
55Penal Code of the Kingdom of Bhutan2004EnglishDzongkha
54Road Act2004EnglishDzongkha
53Tenancy Act2004EnglishDzongkha
52National Assembly Committees Act2004English(unavailable)
51National Assembly Speakers Act2004English(unavailable)
50Biodiversity Act2003English(unavailable)
49Jabmi Act2003English(unavailable)
48Medicines Act2003EnglishDzongkha
47Dzongkhag Yargay Tshogdu Act[nb 3]2002EnglishDzongkha
46Geog Yargay Tshogchhung Act[nb 4]2002EnglishDzongkha
45Medical and Health Council Act2002EnglishDzongkha
44Civil and Criminal Procedure Code2001EnglishDzongkha
43Commercial Sale of Goods Act2001English(unavailable)
42Co-operative Act2001EnglishDzongkha
41Copyright Act2001English(unavailable)
40Electricity Act2001English(unavailable)
39Income Tax Act2001English(unavailable)
38Industrial Property Act2001English(unavailable)
37Livestock Act2001English(unavailable)
36Civil Aviation Act2000EnglishDzongkha
35Companies Act2000English(unavailable)
34Environmental Assessment Act2000EnglishDzongkha
33Pesticides Act2000EnglishDzongkha
32Sales Tax, Customs and Excise Act2000English(unavailable)
31Seeds Act2000EnglishDzongkha
30Bankruptcy Act1999EnglishDzongkha
29Bhutan Municipal Act1999EnglishDzongkha
28Bhutan Postal Corporation Act1999EnglishDzongkha
27Legal Deposit Act1999EnglishDzongkha
26Lhengye Zhungtsho Act1999EnglishDzongkha
25Movable and Immovable Property Act1999English(unavailable)
24Road Safety and Transport Act1999English(unavailable)
23Zhapto Lemi Chhathrim1996English(unavailable)
22Forest and Nature Conservation Act1995English(unavailable)
21Mines and Mineral Management Act1995EnglishDzongkha
20Census Handbook1993English(unavailable)
19Plant Quarantine Act1993English(unavailable)
18Financial Institutions Act1992English(unavailable)
17National Security Act1992EnglishDzongkha
16Extradition Act1991English(unavailable)
15Fire Arms and Ammunition Act1990EnglishDzongkha
14Bhutan Citizen Act1985English(unavailable)
13Prison Act[nb 5]1982EnglishDzongkha
12Royal Monetary Authority of Bhutan Act1982English(unavailable)
11Loan Act1981(unavailable)Dzongkha
10Inheritance Act1980EnglishDzongkha
9Livestock Act1980(unavailable)Dzongkha
8Marriage Act1980English(unavailable)
7Royal Bhutan Police Act[nb 6]1980(unavailable)Dzongkha
6Land Act1979(unavailable)Dzongkha
5Bhutan Citizen Act1977English(unavailable)
4National Flag Rules1972English(unavailable)
3Kadyon1969(unavailable)Dzongkha
2Nationality Law1958English(unavailable)
1Thrimzhung Chhenmo[nb 7]1953(unavailable)Dzongkha

See also

Notes

  1. The official order is reversed; this ordering allows additions without renumbering.
  2. The Local Governments Act of 2007 was repealed by the Local Government Act of 2009.
  3. The Dzongkhag Yargay Tshogdu Act was repealed by the Local Governments Act of 2007, which was in turn repealed by the Local Government Act of 2009.
  4. The Geog Yargay Tshogchhung Act was repealed by the Local Governments Act of 2007, which was in turn repealed by the Local Government Act of 2009.
  5. The Prison Act of 1982 was repealed by the Prison Act of 2009.
  6. The Royal Bhutan Police Act of 1980 was repealed in its entirety by the Royal Bhutan Police Act of 2009.
  7. The Thrimzhung Chhenmo established the National Assembly and the Royal Advisory Council, which was replaced by the National Council in 2008.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan (English). Article 13 – Passing of Bills" (PDF). Government of Bhutan. 2008-07-18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-06. Retrieved 2011-01-01.
  2. "Office of the Attorney General Act of Bhutan 2006" (PDF). Government of Bhutan. 2006-06-30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-24. Retrieved 2011-01-23.
  3. "List of Acts of the Kingdom of Bhutan". National Council of Bhutan. Archived from the original on 2010-07-27. Retrieved 2011-01-01.
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