Eliana Rubashkyn
Born (1988-06-25) 25 June 1988
Bogotá, Colombia
Other namesEliana Golberstein,[1] Eliana Galberstein[2]
CitizenshipNew Zealand
Occupation(s)Pharmacist, chemist, human rights advocate

Eliana Rubashkyn (born 25 June 1988) is a New Zealand pharmacist and chemist,[3] known for being the first intersex person assigned male at birth legally recognised as a woman with a UN mechanism under the international refugee statute. Born in Colombia, Rubashkyn was formerly stateless.[4] She[lower-alpha 1] currently works as a programme officer at ILGA world,[5] and as a harm reduction scientist developing human right campaigns of support addressed to LGBTI asylum seekers, refugees and intersex persons around the world.[6]

Rubashkyn's gender was recognised under the United Nations' 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees.[7] Rubashkyn's case attracted international media and legal attention after her mistreatment following her detention at Hong Kong International Airport because of the incongruence between her gender identity and her passport photo, resulting in several years of statelessness in Hong Kong, and inhumane reclusion into several refuge centers across Yuen Long.[4][8][9]

Rubashkyn moved to New Zealand as a refugee in 2014, and was granted New Zealand citizenship in 2018.[10] In 2023, Rubashkyn was charged with two counts of assault; one count for the physical assault of an unknown victim, and the other count for throwing tomato juice on Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull. Rubashkyn has pled not guilty to all charges.[11]

Biography

Rubashkyn was born in Colombia to a Ukrainian Jewish mother who had moved there in the 1970s.[12] She was born with the intersex condition of partial androgen insensitivity syndrome and was assigned male at birth.[13][14][15]

In 2011, Rubashkyn obtained her degree in pharmacy and chemistry at the National University of Colombia, and speaks five languages fluently.[16][10] After studying molecular biology in the University of Granada, she was granted a scholarship to develop postgraduate studies in public health at the Taipei Medical University, and at the same time started her gender transition in Taiwan. Rubashkyn identified that being stabbed in Colombia was catalyst for her decision to seek higher education elsewhere.[17]

Statelessness

Within a year of starting hormone replacement therapy, Rubashkyn's physical appearance changed dramatically due to her intersex condition, and the Taiwanese immigration authorities required her to update her passport at the closest Colombian consulate before she could begin her second year of master's studies. She travelled to Hong Kong to do so, but when she arrived at Hong Kong International Airport's immigration facility, she was detained for over eight months in several detention and refugee centres because of her ambiguous legal condition.[18][19][20]

Rubashkyn suffered from abusive mistreatment and constant sexual abuse and harassment in several of the reclusion centres in which she lived.[21] She was restrained in a psychiatric ward of the Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Kowloon, caused by an attempted suicide, after being mistreated and sexually abused.[22][23][24][25]

Unable to seek asylum to be granted protection as a refugee in Hong Kong due to the government not having ratified the UN Refugee Convention, she faced deportation, and suffered severe mistreatment in the airport's detention centre.[26] Rubashkyn refused to contact her home embassy to prevent deportation because of the lack of diplomatic assistance they offered, and she became de facto stateless on 30 October 2012. Rubashkyn's position as a refugee limited the contact she could have with authorities from the governments of Colombia.[19][27][28]

With the help of Amnesty International and the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), she was granted refugee status; however, because Hong Kong is not a signatory of the 1951 refugee convention, it did not recognise her as a refugee and sought to deport her to Colombia.

Her case drew international attention, particularly in Southeast Asia and Colombia, where transgender, gender diverse people and intersex people are often persecuted. Her case was also noted in New Zealand, a country known for its stance on equality for LGBTI people.[29][30][31] In December 2013, the UN offered a solution by recognising Rubashkyn as a woman under the UNHCR refugee system. She became the first gender diverse person recognised as a woman in China or Hong Kong without having undergone a sex reassignment surgery or medical intervention.[32][33] A CNN story about her struggle and a short documentary about her life in Hong Kong won a GLAAD Media Award in May 2015.[34]

Resettlement

In May 2014, New Zealand accepted Rubashkyn as a refugee and granted her asylum, extending a universal recognition of her gender.[35] Her case was the first in the world in which the gender identity of a person was recognised internationally.[36][37] In 2015, Rubashkyn's marriage received significant media attention when the NZ Registrar of Marriages asked for Rubashkyn's dead name, alongside her legal name, to register the marriage.[38][39][40]

In 2019, Rubashkyn gave evidence as part of the investigation into the murder of Grace Millane, after realising she had served the accused in an Auckland pharmacy.[3]

Career

Since being resettled in New Zealand, Rubashkyn has worked as a pharmacist and is involved in a number of advocacy roles.[41]

Activism

Rubashkyn has advocated for rights of refugees and intersex, transgender, and gender diverse people in New Zealand and globally.[42] Rubashkyn has made contributions to United Nations Development Program and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees in her capacity as the co-founder of Rainbow Path Aotearoa New Zealand, a LGBT refugee advocacy charity.[43][44]

During a protest against Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull in Auckland on 25 March 2023, Rubashkyn threw tomato juice over Keen-Minshull's head.[45] Subsequently, Rubashkyn reported receiving death threats.[46] Rubashkyn departed to Australia, then the United States, claiming she feared being arrested in New Zealand.[47][48][49] New Zealand police subsequently charged her with two counts of assault,[50][51][49] one count for the tomato juice incident with Keen-Minshull and another count of assault against a separate, unknown victim.[52] Supporters of Rubashkyn raised over $15,000 in the two weeks following the incident to cover her legal costs.[53] In April 2023, Rubashkyn's lawyer entered a not guilty plea on her behalf, with the case to return to court in July.[2]

On 20 September, Rubashkyn's lawyer James Olsen applied to have the assault charges against her dismissed at the Auckland District Court. Keen-Minshull encouraged her supporters to gather near the courtroom via social media; having abandoned her second travel plans to New Zealand due to safety concerns. Keen-Minshull's supporters including a "Let a Woman Speak" group were met by members of the Trans Liberation Alliance (TLA) group congregated in St Patrick's Court near the Auckland District Court. This protest was peaceful with Police separating the two groups.[54][55] Olsen argued that the case should be dismissed since Keen-Minshull had decline to lodge a complaint or submit evidence to the Police. Police prosecutor Sergeant Phil Mann has sought to rely on Keen-Minshull's filmed statements to TVNZ following the juicing incident. Judge Claire Ryan has reserved her decision till a court hearing in October 2023.[55]

On 26 October, Judge Ryan rejected Rubashkyn's attempt to dismiss the charges against her and ruled that she would face trial for two assault charges against Keen-Minshull.[56]

Notes

  1. ↑ Rubashkyn uses both they/them and she/her pronouns. This article uses feminine pronouns for consistency.

References

  1. ↑ "Intersex people on the importance of being understood, possible inclusion in upcoming census". Newshub. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
  2. 1 2 "Protester pleads not guilty to assault after throwing juice on Posie Parker". Stuff. 5 April 2023. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
  3. 1 2 "'I'm sorry': Moment murder accused admitted Grace was dead". Otago Daily Times Online News. 14 November 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2023.
  4. 1 2 "Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare". CNN International. 5 September 2014. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
  5. ↑ "Ælien Rubashkyn - ILGA World". Archived from the original on 7 September 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  6. ↑ "ITANZ - Intersex Awareness New Zealand 2019 - Board Members".
  7. ↑ Human Rights Campaign 2014. "Hong Kong recognized Trans woman without Sex reassignment Surgery". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 3 February 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  8. ↑ "Transgender Refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong". UNHCR. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
  9. ↑ "Hong Kong is 'hell' Transgender postgrad student-turned-refugee struggles to be recognised as a woman". gaystarnews.com. 5 April 2014. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  10. 1 2 "Transgender refugee says NZ paradise". NZ Herald. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  11. ↑ "Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty". NZ Herald. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  12. ↑ "נולדה כאינטרסקס בקולומביה, שרדה אונס ואלימות, ואז התאהבה בישראלי". 23 May 2018.
  13. ↑ "專訪：前跨性別難民Eliana（國際特赦組織香港分會人權雜誌春季號）Interview: Former Transgender Refugee Eliana (Amnesty International Hong Kong) Human Rights Magazine Spring Issue)". 28 April 2016.
  14. ↑ "Gender refugee hopes for NZ citizenship". 3 Degrees - TV3 New Zealand. 26 July 2015. Archived from the original on 25 December 2015. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  15. ↑ Vesga, Alejandro (11 July 2015). "El purgatorio de una transgénero víctima de un pasaporte con sexo masculino".
  16. ↑ Rubashkyn, Eliana (5 September 2014). "Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare".
  17. ↑ "Raped and beaten for her gender identity, refugee's story of survival". Newshub. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  18. ↑ "The Colombian transgender woman stranded in Hong Kong". Revista Semana. 22 March 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  19. 1 2 "Transgender refugee goes through hell in Hong Kong to be recognised as woman". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 3 March 2014.
  20. ↑ "Making New Zealand Home: Eliana Rubashkyn". RNZ. 28 February 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  21. ↑ "Trans Refugee Finally Finds Safety in New Zealand". The Advocate. 3 September 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2017.
  22. ↑ "10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn". Listverse. 7 August 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
  23. ↑ "Misunderstood and stateless in Hong Kong: A transgender woman's nightmare". CNN International. 5 September 2014. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
  24. ↑ "Live Interview (In Spanish) on CNN after being released from her reclusion in Hong Kong and China". CNN International. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
  25. ↑ "Raped and beaten for her gender identity, refugee's story of survival". Newshub. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  26. ↑ "10 Harrowing Tales of Stateless People - 2 Eliana Rubashkyn". Listverse. 7 August 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
  27. ↑ "Stuck in limbo the tragic story of the transgender refugee Eliana Rubashkyn". Time Out Hong Kong. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
  28. ↑ "UNHCR and De Facto Statelessness" (PDF). Hugh Massey, Senior Legal Adviser, UNHCR Geneva. 1 April 2010. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
  29. ↑ "Cơn ác mộng của người chuyển giới ở Hong Kong". Hot News Vietnam. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
  30. ↑ "Transgender refugee stranded in Hong Kong describes struggle to be recognized as woman". Shanhaiist. 3 April 2014. Retrieved 3 April 2014.
  31. ↑ "La historia de Eliana, la joven transgénero que está atrapada en Hong Kong". Diario El País. Archived from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2014.
  32. ↑ caracol.com.co. "Transexual reconocida como mujer en China". Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  33. ↑ "行街紙隱去性別未變性博士准住女病房". Apple Daily Hong Kong. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
  34. ↑ "Eliana Rubashkyn". GLAAD. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
  35. ↑ "En libertad la transgénero presa en Hong Kong". Revista Semana. 3 July 2014. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
  36. ↑ "Eliana Rubashkyn. First case of International gender recognition through asylum". Fundacion Triangulo. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
  37. ↑ "Transexual colombiana atrapada en Hong Kong recibe refugio en Nueva Zelanda". RCN. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
  38. ↑ Tan, Lincoln (4 June 2015). "Past 'haunts' transgender wedding day". The New Zealand Herald.
  39. ↑ "נולדה כאינטרסקס בקולומביה, שרדה אונס ואלימות, ואז התאהבה בישראלי". 23 May 2018.
  40. ↑ Tan, Lincoln (2 June 2015). "Transgender refugee set to wed". The New Zealand Herald.
  41. ↑ "Ministry seeks feedback on draft vaping regulations, while pharmacy sales slow". Pharmacy Today. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  42. ↑ "Rainbow refugees come to NZ to find safety, but say the system is not built for them". www.renews.co.nz. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  43. ↑ ADVANCING THE HUMAN RIGHTS AND INCLUSION OF LGBTI PEOPLE (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 2022.
  44. ↑ 2021 GLOBAL ROUNDTABLE ON PROTECTION AND SOLUTIONS FOR LGBTIQ+ PEOPLE IN FORCED DISPLACEMENT (PDF). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. 2021.
  45. ↑ Greenwood, George. "Posie Parker: JK Rowling condemns tomato juice attack on trans critic".
  46. ↑ Wynn, Kirsty (27 March 2023). "Posie Parker juice-thrower protester Eli Rubashkyn gets death threats and offers of legal support". The New Zealand Herald.
  47. ↑ "Posie Parker juice thrower says arrest warrant imminent". 1 News. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
  48. ↑ "'I am scared': Posie Parker juice-thrower claims arrest warrant pending". NZ Herald. Retrieved 29 March 2023.
  49. 1 2 reporter, Auckland (30 March 2023). "Police lay assault charge on woman who threw juice over Posie Parker". Stuff. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  50. ↑ "Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault". NZ Herald. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  51. ↑ Franks, Raphael. "Posie Parker juice-thrower charged with assault". ZB. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  52. ↑ "Woman accused of throwing juice over Posie Parker pleads not guilty". NZ Herald. Retrieved 7 April 2023.
  53. ↑ Thomas, Shibu (31 March 2023). "Fundraiser For NZ Trans Activist Who Doused Kellie-Jay Keen With Tomato Sauce". Star Observer. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
  54. ↑ Ham, Katie; Owen, Catrie (24 September 2023). "Protesters clash with police after court appearance of Posie Parker juice thrower". Stuff. Archived from the original on 24 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  55. 1 2 Kapitan, Craig (21 September 2023). "Posie Parker assault case: Tomato juice protester Eli Rubashkyn asks court to toss charges". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  56. ↑ Kerr, Florence (26 October 2023). "Protester who threw tomato juice over Posie Parker to face trial". Stuff. Archived from the original on 26 October 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
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