Caribs
Purple-throated carib (Eulampis jugularis) in Dominica
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Clade: Strisores
Order: Apodiformes
Family: Trochilidae
Subfamily: Polytminae
Genus: Eulampis
F. Boie, 1831
Type species
Trochilus auratus[1] = Trochilus jugularis
Linnaeus, 1766
Species

2, see text

The caribs are a genus, Eulampis, of hummingbirds in the family Trochilidae. The genus contains two species, both of which are endemic to the islands of the Caribbean. The genus name comes from the Ancient Greek word eulampēs meaning 'bright shining'.[2]

Unlike most of the related species of Trochilinae hummingbirds, the caribs lack strong sexual dimorphism, meaning the males and females are the very similar in appearance.[3] The only difference between the sexes is that the bill of the female in both species is longer and more decurved.[4][5]

Taxonomy

The genus Eulampis was introduced in 1831 by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie.[6] The type species was subsequently designated as the purple-throated carib.[7][8] The genus name is from the Ancient Greek eulampēs meaning "bright" or "shining".[9] A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that Eulambis was embedded in the genus Anthracothorax.[10]

Species list

The genus contains two species:[11]

ImageScientific nameCommon NameDistribution
Eulampis holosericeusGreen-throated caribCaribbean islands and Lesser Antilles, locations including Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, Saba, Saint-Barthélemy, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sint Eustatius, the British Virgin Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Eulampis jugularisPurple-throated caribAntigua, Dominica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, Saba, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and Sint Eustatius. It has occurred as a vagrant in Barbados, Barbuda, Grenada and the Virgin Islands.

References

  1. ↑ "Trochilidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-08-05.
  2. ↑ Jobling, J. A. (2017). Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology. In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.) (2017). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from www.hbw.com).
  3. ↑ Schuchmann, K.L. & Bonan, A. (2017). Hummingbirds (Trochilidae). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/52268 on 12 March 2017).
  4. ↑ Schuchmann, K.L. & Boesman, P. (2017). Green-throated Carib (Eulampis holosericeus). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/55412 on 12 March 2017).
  5. ↑ Schuchmann, K.L. & Boesman, P. (2017). Purple-throated Carib (Eulampis jugularis). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/55411 on 12 March 2017).
  6. ↑ Boie, Friedrich (1831). "Bemerkungen über Species und einige ornithologische Familien und Sippen". Isis von Oken (in German). Cols 538–548 [547].
  7. ↑ Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 13.
  8. ↑ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 27.
  9. ↑ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 152. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  10. ↑ McGuire, J.; Witt, C.; Remsen, J.V.; Corl, A.; Rabosky, D.; Altshuler, D.; Dudley, R. (2014). "Molecular phylogenetics and the diversification of hummingbirds". Current Biology. 24 (8): 910–916. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.016. PMID 24704078.
  11. ↑ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2020). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 10.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 2 January 2020.
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