Median U.S. household income per County in 2021
Median U.S. household income through 2019
U.S. real median household income reached $63,688 in January 2019, an increase of $171 or 0.3% over one month over that of December 2018.[1]

Household income is an economic standard that can be applied to one household, or aggregated across a large group such as a county, city, or the whole country. It is commonly used by the United States government and private institutions to describe a household's economic status or to track economic trends in the US.

A key measure of household income is the median income, at which half of households have income above that level and half below. The U.S. Census Bureau reports two median household income estimates based on data from two surveys: the Current Population Survey (CPS) and the American Community Survey (ACS). The CPS is the recommended source for national-level estimates, whereas the ACS gives estimates for many geographic levels.[2]:19[3]:10 According to the CPS, the median household income was $70,784 in 2021.[4][2] According to the ACS, the U.S. median household income in 2018 was $61,937.[3] Estimates for previous years are given in terms of real income, which have been adjusted for changes to the price of goods and services.

The distribution of U.S. household income has become more unequal since around 1980, with the income share received by the top 1% trending upward from around 10% or less over the 1953–1981 period to over 20% by 2007.[5] Since the end of the Great Recession, income inequality in the US has gone down slightly, and at an accelerated pace since 2019.[6] [7]

Definition

A household's income can be calculated in various ways but the US Census as of 2009 measured it in the following manner: the income of every resident of that house that is over the age of 15, including pre-tax wages and salaries, along with any pre-tax personal business, investment, or other recurring sources of income, as well as any kind of governmental entitlement such as unemployment insurance, social security, disability payments or child support payments received.[8]

The residents of the household do not have to be related to the head of the household for their earnings to be considered part of the household's income.[9] As households tend to share a similar economic context, the use of household income remains among the most widely accepted measures of income. That the size of a household is not commonly taken into account in such measures may distort any analysis of fluctuations within or among the household income categories, and may render direct comparisons between quintiles difficult or even impossible.[10] The US Census does not include noncash benefits such as health benefits.[11]

From the 1980s to the early 2010s, U.S. economic growth was not translating into higher median family incomes. Real GDP per household has typically increased since the year 2000, while real median income per household was below 1999 levels until 2016, indicating a trend of greater income inequality.[12]
Total compensation's share of GDP has declined by 4.5 percentage points from 1970 to 2016.
U.S. real wages (i.e. production) for ordinary (i.e. non-supervisory) workers remain slightly below their 1970s peak.[13]

The Current Population Survey of the U.S. Census Bureau reported in September 2022 that real median household income was $70,784 in 2021, not statistically different from the 2020 estimate of $71,186.[4]

Changes in median income reflect several trends: the aging of the population, changing patterns in work and schooling, and the evolving makeup of the American family, as well as long- and short-term trends in the economy itself. For instance, the retirement of the Baby Boom generation should push down overall median income, as more persons enter lower-income retirement. However, analysis of different working age groups indicate a similar pattern of stagnating median income as well.[14]

Journalist Annie Lowrey wrote in September 2014: "The root causes [of wage stagnation] include technological change, the decline of labor unions, and globalization, economists think, though they disagree sharply on how much to weight each factor. But foreign-produced goods became sharply cheaper, meaning imports climbed and production moved overseas. And computers took over for humans in many manufacturing, clerical, and administrative tasks, eroding middle-class jobs growth and suppressing wages."[15]

Measured relative to GDP, total compensation and its component wages and salaries have been declining since 1970. This indicates a shift in income from labor (persons who derive income from hourly wages and salaries) to capital (persons who derive income via ownership of businesses, land and assets). This trend is common across the developed world, due in part to globalization.[16] Wages and salaries have fallen from approximately 51% GDP in 1970 to 43% GDP in 2013. Total compensation has fallen from approximately 58% GDP in 1970 to 53% GDP in 2013.

However, as indicated by the charts below, household income has still increased significantly since the late 1970s and early 80s in real terms, partly due to higher individual median wages, and partly due to increased employment of women.

According to the CBO, between 1979 and 2011, gross median household income, adjusted for inflation, rose from $59,400 to $75,200, or 26.5%.[17] However, once adjusted for household size and looking at taxes from an after-tax perspective, real median household income grew 46%, representing significant growth.[18]

The following table summarizes real median household income at key recent milestones:

Variable 1999 Previous Record 2007 Pre-Crisis Peak 2012 Post-Crisis Trough 2016 Previous Record 2017 Previous Record 2018 Record
Real median household income[19] $61,526 $60,985 $55,900 $61,779 $62,626 $63,179

Uses

Use of individual household income: The government and organizations may look at one particular household's income to decide if a person is eligible for certain programs, such as nutrition assistance[20] or need-based financial aid,[21] among many others.

Use at the aggregate level: Summaries of household incomes across groups of people – often the entire country – are also studied as part of economic trends like standard of living and distribution of income and wealth. Household income as an economic measure can be represented as a median, a mean, a distribution, and other ways. Household income can be studied across time, region, education level, race/ethnicity, and many other dimensions. As an indicator of economic trends, it may be studied along with related economic measures such as disposable income, debt, household net worth (which includes debt and investments, durable goods like cars and houses), wealth, and employment statistics.

Median inflation-adjusted ("real") household income

Median inflation-adjusted ("real") household income generally increases and decreases with the business cycle, declining in each year during the periods 1979 through 1983, 1990 through 1993, 2000 through 2004 and 2008 through 2012, while rising in each of the intervening years.[17] Extreme poverty in the United States, meaning households living on less than $2 per person per day before government benefits, more than doubled in absolute terms from 636,000 to 1.46 million households (including 2.8 million children) between 1996 and 2011, with most of this increase occurring between late 2008 and early 2011.[22] A 2012 study by the Urban Institute found that 75% of adults in "deep poverty" had not worked in the previous year.[23]

Median household income, by county, as of 2017.

CBO income growth study

The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office conducted a study analyzing household income throughout the income distribution, by combining the Census and IRS income data sources. Unlike the Census measure of household income, the CBO showed income before and after taxes, and by also taking into account household size.[24] Also, the CBO definition of income is much broader, and includes in kind transfers as well as all monetary transfers from the government.[24] The Census' official definition of money income excludes food stamps and the EITC, for example, while CBO includes it.

Between 1979 and 2011, gross median household income, adjusted for inflation, rose from $59,400 to $75,200, or 26.5%. This compares with the Census' growth of 10%.[17] However, once adjusted for household size and looking at taxes from an after-tax perspective, real median household income grew 46%, representing significant growth.[18]

While median gross household income showed much stronger growth than depicted by the Census, inequality was shown to still have increased. The top 10% saw gross household income grow by 78%, versus 26.5% for the median. The bottom 10%, using the same measure, saw higher growth than the median (40%).[18]

This graph shows the income since 1970 of different racial and ethnic groups in the United States (in 2014 dollars).[25]

Since 1980, U.S. gross domestic product (GDP) per capita has increased 67%,[26] while median household income has only increased by 15%. Median household income is a politically sensitive indicator. Voters can be critical of their government if they perceive that their cost of living is rising faster than their income.

The early-2000s recession began with the bursting of the dot-com bubble and affected most advanced economies including the European Union, Japan and the United States. An economic recession will normally cause household incomes to decrease, often by as much as 10%.

The late-2000s recession began with the bursting of the U.S. housing bubble, which caused a problem in the dangerously exposed sub prime-mortgage market. This in turn triggered a global financial crisis. In constant price, 2011 American median household income was 1.13% lower than what it was in 1989. This corresponds to a 0.05% annual decrease over a 22-year period.[27] In the meantime, GDP per capita has increased by 33.8% or 1.33% annually.[28]

A study on US Census income data claims that when using the national accounting methodology, U.S. gross median household income was $57,739 in 2010 (table 3).[29]

In 2015, the US median household income spiked 5.2 per cent, reaching $56,000, making it the first annual hike in median household income since the start of the Great Recession.[30]

Mean household income

Another common measurement of personal income is the mean household income. Unlike the median household income, which divides all households in two halves, the mean income is the average income earned by American households. In the case of mean income, the income of all households is divided by the number of all households.[31] The mean income is more affected by the relatively unequal distribution of income which tilts towards the top.[32] As a result, the mean income in the United States is higher than the median income, with the top earning households boosting it. Overall, the mean household income in the United States, according to the US Census Bureau 2014 Annual Social and Economic Supplement, was $72,641.[33]

The U.S. Census Bureau provides the following breakdown by self-identified ethnic groups as of March 2018:

Mean household income by ethnicity[33]
Ethnic category Mean household income
Asian alone $119,816
White alone $93,948
Hispanic or Latino $70,945
Black $59,363

Mean vs. median household income

Annual income and accumulated net worth, by age
Average income—which heavily weights extremely high-income families—substantially exceeds median income (families in the fiftieth percentile).[34] Further, average income outgrew median income from 2019 through 2022.[34]

Median income is the amount which divides the income distribution into two equal groups, half having income above that amount, and half having income below that amount. Mean income (average) is the amount obtained by dividing the total aggregate income of a group by the number of units in that group. The means and medians for households and families are based on all households and families. Means and medians for people are based on people 15 years old and over with income.

US Census Bureau, Frequently Asked Question, published by First Gov.[31]

Aggregate income distribution

The aggregate income measures the combined income earned by all persons in a particular income group. In 2018, the total personal income earned in the United States was $17.6 trillion.[35] In 2008, all households in the United States earned roughly $12,442.2 billion.[35] One half, 49.98%, of all income in the US was earned by households with an income over $100,000, the top twenty percent. Over one quarter, 28.5%, of all income was earned by the top 8%, those households earning more than $150,000 a year. The top 3.65%, with incomes over $200,000, earned 17.5%. Households with annual incomes from $50,000 to $75,000, 18.2% of households, earned 16.5% of all income. Households with annual incomes from $50,000 to $95,000, 28.1% of households, earned 28.8% of all income. The bottom 10.3% earned 1.06% of all income.

Demography

Racial and Ethnic groups

Americans who identified as White Alone, headed up roughly 77.79% of all households in 2021,[36] but those same households comprised 81.43% of households in the top 5% of household income. Conversely, Americans who identified as Black alone headed up only 5.33% of households in the top 5%, whereas such households made up 13.49% of all households.[36]

Overall, households headed by Hispanic and Black Americans were underrepresented in the top two quintiles and overrepresented in the bottom two quintiles. Households headed by people who identified as being Asian alone were also overrepresented among the top two quintiles. In the top five percent the percentage of Asians was nearly twice as high as the percentage of Asians among the general population. White households are underrepresented in the lowest quintile and slightly overrepresented in the top two quintiles and the top five percent.[36]

In terms of race in 2020 data, Asian-American households had the highest median household income of $94,903, White households ranked second with $74,912, Hispanic or Latino households ranked third with $55,321. African-American or Black households had the lowest median household income of all races with $45,870.[37]

Ethnic group All households Lowest fifth Second fifth Middle fifth Fourth fifth Highest fifth Top 5%
White Alone Numbers in 000s102,05718,62420,05620,71721,29321,3675,392
Percentage77.79%70.98%76.43%78.95%81.15%81.43%82.17%
Black Alone Numbers in 000s17,6985,4904,2913,4932,5921,832350
Percentage13.49%20.92%16.35%13.31%9.88%6.98%5.33%
Asian Alone Numbers in 000s7,2761,1160,9511,2351,5472,426700
Percentage5.55%4.25%3.62%4.71%5.90%9.25%10.67%
Hispanic (any race) Numbers in 000s19,2304,3334,8164,0913,5722,418492
Percentage14.66%16.51%18.35%15.59%13.61%9.21%7.50%

Source: US Census Bureau, 2021[36]

Education and gender

Median annual household income in accordance with the householder's educational attainment. The data only includes households with a householder over the age of twenty-five.[38]

Household income as well as per capita income in the United States rise significantly as the educational attainment increases.[39] In 2005 graduates with a Master's in Business Administration (MBA) who accepted job offers were expected to earn a base salary of $88,626. They were also expected to receive an "average signing bonus of $17,428."[40]

According to the US Census Bureau persons with doctorates in the United States had an average income of roughly $81,400. The average for an advanced degree was $72,824, with men averaging $90,761 and women averaging $50,756 annually. Year-round full-time workers with a professional degree had an average income of $109,600 while those with a master's degree had an average income of $62,300. Overall, "…[a]verage earnings ranged from $18,900 for high school dropouts to $25,900 for high school graduates, $45,400 for college graduates and $99,300 for workers with professional degrees (M.D., O.D., D.P.T., D.P.M., D.O., J.D., Pharm.D., D.D.S., or D.V.M.)."[41]

Individuals with graduate degrees have an average per capita income exceeding the median household income of married couple families among the general population ($63,813 annually).[41][42] Higher educational attainment did not, however, help close the income gap between the genders as the life-time earnings for a male with a professional degree were roughly forty percent (39.59%) higher than those of a female with a professional degree. The lifetime earnings gap between males and females was the smallest for those individuals holding an associate degrees with male life-time earnings being 27.77% higher than those of females. While educational attainment did not help reduce the income inequality between men and women, it did increase the earnings potential of individuals of both sexes, enabling many households with one or more graduate degree householders to enter the top household income quintile.[41] These data were not adjusted for preferential differences among men and women whom attend college.

Household income also increased significantly with the educational attainment of the householder. The US Census Bureau publishes educational attainment and income data for all households with a householder who was aged twenty-five or older. The biggest income difference was between those with some college education and those who had a Bachelor's degree, with the latter making $23,874 more annually. Income also increased substantially with increased post-secondary education. While the median annual household income for a household with a householder having an associate degree was $51,970, the median annual household income for householders with a bachelor's degree or higher was $73,446. Those with doctorates had the second highest median household with a median of $96,830; $18,289 more than that for those at the master's degree level, but $3,170 lower than the median for households with a professional degree holding householder.[38]

Distribution of household income by educational attainment and gender in 2019 according to US Census data

Criteria Overall Less than 9th grade Some high school High school graduate or equivalent Some college Associate degree Bachelor's degree Bachelor's degree or more Master's degree Professional degree Doctoral degree
Median annual individual income[43]Male, age 25+ $52,297$29,405$32,112$41,580$49,676$53,082$70,968$78,156$89,915$135,970$112,305
Female, age 25+ $40,294$20,252$21,851$28,166$32,679$35,970$50,691$56,047$61,861$88,301$87,394
Age 25+ $46,985$25,162$26,092$35,540$39,362$42,391$60,705$66,432$71,851$102,741$101,526
Median annual household income[44] $70,308$30,355$31,326$48,708$61,911$69,573$100,164$108,646$117,439$162,127$142,347
Median household income, age 25+[45]

The change in median personal and household since 1991 also varied greatly with educational attainment. The following table shows the median household income according to the educational attainment of the householder. All data is in 2003 dollars and only applies to householders whose householder is aged twenty-five or older. The highest and lowest points of the median household income are presented in bold face.[38][46] Since 2003, median income has continued to rise for the nation as a whole, with the biggest gains going to those with associate degrees, bachelor's degree or more, and master's degrees. High-school dropouts fared worse with negative growth.

Year Overall Median Less than 9th grade Some high school High school graduate Some college Associate degree Bachelor's degree Bachelor's degree or more Master's degree Professional degree Doctoral degree
1991 $40,873$17,414$23,096$37,520$46,296$52,289$64,150$68,845$72,669$102,667$92,614
1993 $40,324$17,450$22,523$35,979$44,153$49,622$64,537$70,349$75,645$109,900$93,712
1995 $42,235$18,031$21,933$37,609$44,537$50,485$63,357$69,584$77,865$98,302$95,899
1997 $43,648$17,762$22,688$38,607$45,734$51,726$67,487$72,338$77,850$105,409$99,699
1999 $46,236$19,008$23,977$39,322$48,588$54,282$70,925$76,958$82,097$110,383$107,217
2001 $42,900$18,830$24,162$37,468$47,605$53,166$69,796$75,116$81,993$103,918$96,442
2003 $45,016$18,787$22,718$36,835$45,854$56,970$68,728$73,446$78,541$100,000$96,830
Average $43,376$18,183$23,013$37,620$46,109$51,934$66,997$72,376$78,094$104,368$94,487

Source: US Census Bureau, 2003[38]

Age of householder

U.S. family pre-tax income and net worth distribution for 2013 and 2016, from the Federal Reserve Survey of Consumer Finances.[47]

Household income in the United States varies substantially with the age of the person who heads the household. Overall, the median household income increased with the age of householder until retirement age when household income started to decline.[48] The highest median household income was found among households headed by working baby-boomers.[48]

Households headed by persons between the ages of 45 and 54 had a median household income of $61,111 and a mean household income of $77,634. The median income per member of household for this particular group was $27,924. The highest median income per member of household was among those between the ages of 54 and 64 with $30,544 [The reason this figure is lower than the next group is because pensions and Social Security add to income while a portion of older individuals also have work-related income.].[48]

The group with the second highest median household income, were households headed by persons between the ages 35 and 44 with a median income of $56,785, followed by those in the age group between 55 and 64 with $50,400. Not surprisingly the lowest income group was composed of those households headed by individuals younger than 24, followed by those headed by persons over the age of 75. Overall, households headed by persons above the age of seventy-five had a median household income of $20,467 with the median household income per member of household being $18,645. These figures support the general assumption that median household income as well as the median income per member of household peaked among those households headed by middle aged persons, increasing with the age of the householder and the size of the household until the householder reaches the age of 64. With retirement income replacing salaries and the size of the household declining, the median household income decreases as well.[48]

Household size

While median household income has a tendency to increase up to four persons per household, it declines for households beyond four persons. For example, in the state of Alabama in 2004, two-person households had a median income of $39,755, with $48,957 for three-person households, $54,338 for four-person households, $50,905 for five-person households, $45,435 for six-person households, with seven-or-more-person households having the second lowest median income of only $42,471.[49]

Geography and Socioeconomic correlations

Considering other racial and geographical differences in regards to household income, it should come as no surprise that the median household income varies with race, size of household and geography. The state with the highest median household income in the United States as of the US Census Bureau 2009 is Maryland with $69,272, followed by New Jersey, Connecticut and Alaska, making the Northeastern United States the wealthiest area by income in the entire country.[50]

Regionally, in 2010, the Northeast reached a median income of $53,283, the West, $53,142, the South, $45,492, and the Midwest, $48,445.[51] Each figure represents a decline from the previous year.

Median household income by state

Map of states by median household income in 2019.

In 2007, the median household income by state ranged from $36,338 in Mississippi to $68,080 in Maryland. Despite having the highest median home price in the nation[52] and home prices that far outpaced incomes,[53] California ranked only eighth in income that year, with a median household income of $59,984. While California's median income was not near enough to afford the average California home or even a starter home, West Virginia, which had one of the nation's lowest median household incomes, also had the nation's lowest median home price.[52][54]

When grouped by Census Bureau Region, of the 15 states that, in 2017, had the highest median household income, only Minnesota is located in the Mid-West. Five are in the Northeast (Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey and Rhode Island), three are South Atlantic states (Washington D.C., Maryland and Virginia) while the remaining six are in the West (Alaska, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Washington and Utah).

The southern states had, on average, the lowest median household income, with nine of the country's fifteen poorest states located in the South. However, most of the poverty in the South is located in rural areas. Metropolitan areas such as Atlanta, Nashville, Charlotte, Raleigh, Birmingham, Dallas, Houston, and Miami are areas within the southern states that have above average income levels. Overall, median household income tended to be the highest in the nation's most urbanized northeastern, upper midwestern and west coast states, while rural areas, mostly in the southern and mountain states (like New Mexico, Montana and Idaho), had the lowest median household income.[54]

As of 2019, the median household income ranged from $20,474 in Puerto Rico to $92,266 in the District of Columbia. Note that the U.S. Census Bureau treats Puerto Rico as if it were a state (Puerto Rico is included in the American Community Survey).[55]

All data is from the 2009–2019 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates.[56][57][58][59][60]

Rank Change*
Increase/Decrease
State
or territory
20192018201720162015201420132012201120102009
1 Increase 8District of Columbia $92,266$85,203$82,336$75,506$75,628$71,648$67,572$65,246$66,583$63,124$59,290
2 Decrease 1Maryland $86,738$83,242$80,776$78,945$75,847$73,971$72,483$71,836$70,004$68,854$69,272
3 Increase 3Massachusetts $85,843$79,835$77,385$75,297$70,628$69,160$66,768$65,339$62,859$62,072$64,081
4 Decrease 2New Jersey $85,751$81,740$80,088$76,126$72,222$72,919$70,165$69,667$67,458$67,681$68,342
5 SteadyHawaii $83,102$80,212$77,765$74,511$73,486$69,592$68,020$66,259$61,821$63,030$64,098
6 Increase 4California $80,440$75,277$71,805$67,739$64,500$61,933$60,190$58,328$57,287$57,708$58,931
7 Decrease 4Connecticut $78,833$76,348$74,168$73,433$71,346$70,048$67,098$67,276$65,753$64,032$67,034
8 Increase 4Washington $78,687$74,043$70,979$67,106$64,129$61,366$58,405$57,573$56,835$55,631$56,548
9 Decrease 2New Hampshire $77,933$74,991$73,381$70,936$70,303$66,532$64,230$63,280$62,647$61,042$60,567
10 Increase 4Colorado $77,127$71,953$69,117$65,685$63,909$61,303$58,823$56,765$55,387$54,046$55,430
11 Decrease 3Virginia $76,456$72,577$71,535$68,114$66,262$64,902$62,666$61,741$61,882$60,674$59,330
12 Increase 3Utah $75,780$71,414$68,358$65,977$62,912$60,922$59,770$57,049$55,869$54,744$55,117
13 Decrease 9Alaska $75,463$74,346$73,181$76,440$73,355$71,583$72,237$67,712$67,825$64,576$66,953
14 Decrease 1Minnesota $74,593$70,315$68,388$65,599$63,488$61,481$60,702$58,906$56,954$55,459$55,616
15 Increase 1New York $72,108$67,844$64,894$62,909$60,850$58,878$57,369$56,448$55,246$54,148$54,659
16 Increase 1Rhode Island $71,169$64,340$63,870$60,596$58,073$54,891$55,902$54,554$53,636$52,254$54,119
17 Decrease 6Delaware $70,176$64,805$62,852$61,757$61,255$59,716$57,846$54,554$58,814$55,847$56,860
18 SteadyIllinois $69,187$65,030$62,992$60,960$59,588$57,444$56,210$55,137$53,234$52,972$53,966
19 Increase 6Oregon $67,058$63,246$60,212$57,532$54,148$51,075$50,251$49,161$46,816$46,560$48,457
20 SteadyWyoming $65,003$61,584$60,434$59,882$60,214$57,055$58,752$54,901$56,322$53,512$52,664
21 Increase 8North Dakota $64,577$63,837$61,843$60,656$60,557$59,029$55,759$53,585$51,704$48,670$47,827
22 SteadyWisconsin $64,168$60,773$59,305$56,811$55,638$52,622$51,467$51,059$50,395$49,001$49,993
23 Increase 4Texas $64,034$60,629$59,206$56,565$55,653$53,035$51,704$50,740$49,392$48,615$48,259
24 –1Pennsylvania $63,463$60,905$59,195$56,907$55,702$53,234$52,007$51,230$50,228$49,288$49,520
25 Decrease 6Nevada $63,276$58,646$58,003$55,180$52,431$51,450$51,230$49,760$48,927$51,001$53,341
26 SteadyNebraska $63,229$59,566$59,970$56,927$54,996$52,686$51,440$50,723$50,296$52,504$48,408
27 Decrease 6Vermont $63,001$60,782$57,513$57,677$56,990$54,166$52,578$52,997$52,776$49,406$51,618
28 Increase 2Kansas $62,087$58,218$56,422$54,935$53,906$52,504$50,972$50,241$48,264$48,257$47,817
29 Decrease 5Arizona $62,055$59,246$56,581$53,558$51,492$50,068$48,510$47,826$46,709$46,789$48,745
30 Increase 8Georgia $61,980$58,756$56,183$53,559$51,244$49,321$47,829$47,209$46,007$46,430$44,736
31 Decrease 3Iowa $61,691$59,955$58,570$56,247$54,736$53,712$52,229$50,957$49,427$47,961$48,044
32 Increase 5Idaho $60,999$55,583$52,225$51,807$48,275$47,861$46,783$45,489$43,341$43,490$44,926
33 Increase 1Michigan $59,584$56,697$54,909$52,492$51,084$49,847$48,273$46,859$45,981$45,413$45,255
34 Increase 2South Dakota $59,533$56,274$56,894$54,467$53,017$50,979$48,947$48,362$48,321$45,904$45,043
35 Increase 4Florida $59,227$55,462$52,594$50,860$49,426$47,463$46,036$45,040$44,299$44,409$44,736
36 Decrease 5Maine $58,924$55,602$56,277$53,079$51,494$49,462$46,974$46,709$46,033$45,815$45,734
37 Decrease 4Ohio $58,642$56,111$54,021$52,334$51,075$49,308$48,081$46,829$45,749$45,090$45,395
38 Decrease 6Indiana $57,603$55,746$54,181$52,314$50,532$49,446$47,529$46,974$46,438$44,613$45,424
39 Decrease 4Missouri $57,409$54,478$53,578$51,746$50,238$48,363$46,931$45,321$45,247$44,301$45,229
40 SteadyNorth Carolina $57,341$53,855$52,752$50,584$47,830$46,556$45,906$45,150$43,916$43,326$43,674
41 Increase 3Montana $57,153$55,328$53,386$50,027$49,509$46,328$46,972$45,076$44,222$42,666$42,322
42 SteadySouth Carolina $56,227$52,306$50,570$49,501$47,238$45,238$44,163$43,107$43,916$42,018$42,442
43 Increase 2Tennessee $56,071$52,375$51,340$48,547$47,275$44,361$44,297$42,764$41,693$41,461$41,725
44 Increase 2Oklahoma $54,449$51,924$50,051$49,176$48,568$47,529$45,690$44,312$43,225$42,072$41,664
45 Increase 3Kentucky $52,295$50,247$48,375$46,659$44,765$42,958$43,399$41,724$41,141$40,062$40,072
46 Decrease 5New Mexico $51,945$47,169$46,744$46,748$45,382$44,803$43,872$42,558$41,963$42,090$43,028
47 SteadyAlabama $51,734$49,861$48,123$46,257$44,765$42,830$42,849$41,574$41,415$40,474$40,489
48 Decrease 5Louisiana $51,073$47,905$46,145$45,146$45,727$44,555$44,164$42,944$41,734$42,505$42,429
49 Increase 2Arkansas $48,952$47,062$45,869$45,907$42,798$44,922$39,376$39,018$41,302$38,587$36,538
50 Decrease 1West Virginia $48,850$44,097$43,469$43,385$42,019$41,059$41,253$40,196$38,482$37,218$37,435
51 Decrease 1Mississippi $45,792$44,717$43,529$41,754$40,593$39,680$37,963$37,095$36,919$36,851$36,646
52 SteadyPuerto Rico $20,474$20,296$19,775$20,078$18,810$18,948$19,183$19,630

*change since 2009

The median personal income per person, after adjusting for costs of living with local regional price parities and the national PCE price index, averaged $47,807 in 2016 (in 2012 chained dollars). Median adjusted personal income per capita varied from $39,901 in Mississippi to $61,601 in Connecticut (and $64,363 in the District of Columbia). The states closest to the national average were California and Vermont, at $48,384 and $47,971 respectively.[61]

Median household income by U.S. territory

Below is the median household income for the U.S. territories in 2010 (for four of the five inhabited territories).[62] Note that Puerto Rico is not included in this table, and is instead included in the table above (because Puerto Rico is included in the ACS, as if it were a state).

Rank Territory 2010
U.S. Census
1 Guam$48,274
2 U.S. Virgin Islands$37,254
3 American Samoa$23,892
4 Northern Mariana Islands$19,958

Counties and their correlations between Median Household Income and other factors

There are 3,144 counties and county-equivalents in the United States. The source used is the Economic Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture. Below is the median household income, majority minority status and Presidential election voting history for each county or their equivalent, with an income greater than or equal $75,000, in the United States for each category as used by the map above.

Median Household Income greater than or equal $135,000

Overall Category County or Equivalent State Median Household Income Majority Minority Status Presidential Election Result
2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
1 1 Loudoun Virginia Virginia $153,716 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
2 2 Falls Church Virginia Virginia $142,430 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
3 3 Santa Clara California California $141,161 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden

Median Household Income greater than or equal $125,000

Overall Category County or Equivalent State Median Household Income Majority Minority Status Presidential Election Result
2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
4 1 Los Alamos New Mexico New Mexico $134,050 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
5 2 Fairfax Virginia Virginia $133,845 YES Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
6 3 Howard Maryland Maryland $131,412 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
7 4 San Mateo California California $131,151 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
8 5 Douglas Colorado Colorado $129,839 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
9 6 Nassau New York (state) New York $125,118 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden

Median Household Income greater than or equal $115,000

Overall Category County or Equivalent State Median Household Income Majority Minority Status Presidential Election Result
2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
10 1 Arlington Virginia Virginia $124,474 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
11 2 Summit Utah Utah $124,354 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Clinton Biden
12 3 Somerset New Jersey New Jersey $123,708 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
13 4 Williamson Tennessee Tennessee $123,474 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
14 5 Morris New Jersey New Jersey $122,525 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
15 6 Hunterdon New Jersey New Jersey $122,095 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
16 7 Forsyth Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $120,919 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
17 8 Rockwall Texas Texas $120,696 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
18 9 San Francisco California California $119,776 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
19 10 Delaware Ohio Ohio $118,661 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
20 11 Marin California California $118,472 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
21 12 Calvert Maryland Maryland $117,459 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
22 13 Glasscock Texas Texas $116,958 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
23 14 Stafford Virginia Virginia $116,569 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
24 15 Prince William Virginia Virginia $116,354 YES Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden

Median Household Income greater than or equal $105,000

Overall Category County or Equivalent State Median Household Income Majority Minority Status Presidential Election Result
2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
25 1 Elbert Colorado Colorado $114,853 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
26 2 Norfolk Massachusetts Massachusetts $114,658 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
27 3 Suffolk New York (state) New York $112,681 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Trump Trump
28 4 Oconee Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $112,581 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
29 5 Montgomery Maryland Maryland $112,352 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
30 6 Middlesex Massachusetts Massachusetts $112,345 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
31 7 Morgan Utah Utah $111,472 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
32 8 Nantucket Massachusetts Massachusetts $110,966 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
33 9 Contra Costa California California $110,595 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
34 10 King Washington (state) Washington $110,351 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
35 11 Chester Pennsylvania Pennsylvania $109,616 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Clinton Biden
36 12 Oldham Kentucky Kentucky $109,181 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
37 13 Westchester New York (state) New York $109,131 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
38 14 Alameda California California $108,971 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
39 15 Scott Minnesota Minnesota $108,730 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
40 16 Hamilton Indiana Indiana $108,203 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
41 17 Monmouth New Jersey New Jersey $107,500 NO Gore Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
42 18 Fairfax City Virginia Virginia $107,334 NO Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
43 19 Anne Arundel Maryland Maryland $107,281 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Clinton Biden
44 20 Putnam New York (state) New York $107,014 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
45 21 Fauquier Virginia Virginia $106,714 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
46 22 Carver Minnesota Minnesota $106,582 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
47 23 St Mary's Maryland Maryland $106,539 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
48 24 Broomfield Colorado Colorado $106,413 NO N/A Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
49 25 Washington Minnesota Minnesota $105,251 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden

Median Household Income greater than or equal $95,000

Overall Category County or Equivalent State Median Household Income Majority Minority Status Presidential Election Result
2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
50 1 Bergen New Jersey New Jersey $104,777 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
51 2 Goochland Virginia Virginia $104,379 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
52 3 Rockingham New Hampshire New Hampshire $104,281 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Biden
53 4 Frederick Maryland Maryland $104,253 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
54 5 Charles Maryland Maryland $103,918 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
55 6 Placer California California $103,588 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
56 7 New Kent Virginia Virginia $102,920 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
57 8 Kendall Texas Texas $102,832 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
58 9 Teton Wyoming Wyoming $102,709 NO Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
59 10 Montgomery Pennsylvania Pennsylvania $102,648 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
60 11 Wasatch Utah Utah $102,206 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
61 12 Collin Texas Texas $102,119 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
62 13 Carroll Maryland Maryland $102,006 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
63 14 Loving Texas Texas $100,917 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
64 15 Alexandria Virginia Virginia $100,877 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
65 16 Fairfield Connecticut Connecticut $100,730 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
66 17 Washington Nebraska Nebraska $100,572 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
67 18 Manassas Virginia Virginia $100,530 YES Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
68 19 Kendall Illinois Illinois $100,483 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Biden
69 20 Orange California California $100,210 YES Bush Bush McCain Romney Clinton Biden
70 21 Spotsylvania Virginia Virginia $100,162 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
71 22 Powhatan Virginia Virginia $99,854 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
70 23 Bucks Pennsylvania Pennsylvania $99,755 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
71 24 Wright Minnesota Minnesota $99,744 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
72 25 Sussex New Jersey New Jersey $99,695 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
73 26 Snohomish Washington (state) Washington $99,650 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
74 27 DuPage Illinois Illinois $99,536 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
75 28 Plymouth Massachusetts Massachusetts $99,445 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
76 29 Middlesex New Jersey New Jersey $99,695 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
77 30 King George Virginia Virginia $98,668 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
78 31 Union Ohio Ohio $98,167 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
79 32 Fort Bend Texas Texas $98,070 YES Bush Bush McCain Romney Clinton Biden
80 33 Rockland New York (state) New York $98,047 NO Gore Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
81 34 Boone Indiana Indiana $98,047 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
82 35 Denton Texas Texas $98,027 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
83 36 York Virginia Virginia $97,500 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
84 37 Warren Ohio Ohio $97,011 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
85 38 Cherokee Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $96,997 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
86 39 Williamson Texas Texas $96,653 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
87 40 Pitkin Colorado Colorado $96,316 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
88 41 Harford Maryland Maryland $95,951 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
89 42 Lake Illinois Illinois $95,895 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
90 43 Ventura California California $95,819 YES Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
91 44 Hanover Virginia Virginia $95,195 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
92 45 San Benito California California $95,187 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
93 46 North Slope Alaska Alaska $95,041 YES Bush Bush McCain Obama Clinton Trump

Median Household Income greater than or equal $85,000

Overall Category County or Equivalent State Median Household Income Majority Minority Status Presidential Election Result
2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
94 1 Eagle Colorado Colorado $94,928 NO Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
95 2 Middlesex Connecticut Connecticut $94,735 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
96 3 St. John's Florida Florida $94,662 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
97 4 St. Croix Wisconsin Wisconsin $94,629 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
98 5 Queen Anne's Maryland Maryland $94,583 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
99 6 Bristol Rhode Island Rhode Island $94,553 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
100 7 James City Virginia Virginia $94,547 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
101 8 Waukesha Wisconsin Wisconsin $94,506 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
102 9 Dallas Iowa Iowa $94,467 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
103 10 Jefferson Colorado Colorado $94,401 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
104 11 Burlington New Jersey New Jersey $94,043 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
105 12 Napa California California $94,127 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
106 13 Will Illinois Illinois $93,994 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
107 14 Dakota Minnesota Minnesota $93,850 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
108 15 Gloucester New Jersey New Jersey $93,783 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Trump Biden
109 16 Routt Colorado Colorado $93,776 NO Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
110 17 Comal Texas Texas $93,487 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
111 18 Davis Utah Utah $93,260 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
112 19 Johnson Kansas Kansas $93,220 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
113 20 Monroe Illinois Illinois $93,054 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
114 21 Livingston Michigan Michigan $92,357 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
115 22 Sonoma California California $92,999 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
116 23 McHenry Illinois Illinois $92,522 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Trump
117 24 Fayette Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $92,319 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
118 25 James City Virginia Virginia $92,270 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
119 26 Sherburne Minnesota Minnesota $92,205 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
120 27 St. Charles Missouri Missouri $92,029 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
121 28 Strafford New Hampshire New Hampshire $91,928 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
122 29 Washington Oregon Oregon $91,899 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
123 30 Albemarle Virginia Virginia $91,849 NO Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
124 31 Geauga Ohio Ohio $91,701 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
125 32 Clarke Virginia Virginia $91,603 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
126 33 Wake North Carolina North Carolina $91,558 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
127 34 Lincoln South Dakota South Dakota $91,352 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
128 35 Clackamas Oregon Oregon $91,076 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
129 36 Ozaukee Wisconsin Wisconsin $91,014 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
130 37 Kane Illinois Illinois $90,941 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
131 38 Hillsborough New Hampshire New Hampshire $90,806 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Trump Biden
132 39 San Diego California California $90,756 YES Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
133 40 Tooele Utah Utah $90,591 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
134 41 Boulder Colorado Colorado $90,591 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
135 42 Santa Cruz California California $90,370 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
136 43 Hendricks Indiana Indiana $90,298 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
137 44 Summit Colorado Colorado $90,297 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
138 45 Honolulu Hawaii Hawaii $90,176 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
139 46 Washington Rhode Island Rhode Island $90,152 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
140 47 Chambers Texas Texas $89,767 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
141 48 Prince George's Maryland Maryland $89,689 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
142 49 Paulding Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $89,632 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
143 50 Sarpy Nebraska Nebraska $88,913 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
144 51 Orange New York (state) New York $88,494 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Trump Trump
145 52 Bristol Bay Alaska Alaska $88,516 YES Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
146 53 Campbell Wyoming Wyoming $88,491 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
147 54 Anoka Minnesota Minnesota $88,416 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
148 55 Chugach Alaska Alaska $88,029 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
149 56 Montgomery Texas Texas $87,831 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
150 57 Ellis Texas Texas $87,698 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
151 58 El Dorado California California $87,689 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
152 59 Alpine California California $87,570 NO Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
153 60 Union North Carolina North Carolina $87,533 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
154 61 Cobb Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $87,532 YES Bush Bush McCain Romney Clinton Biden
155 62 Dutchess New York (state) New York $87,370 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
156 63 Solano California California $87,348 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
157 64 Bryan Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $87,334 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
158 65 Union South Dakota South Dakota $87,314 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
159 66 Columbia Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $87,281 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
160 67 Saratoga New York (state) New York $87,154 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Trump Biden
161 68 Essex Massachusetts Massachusetts $87,145 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
162 69 Chesapeake Virginia Virginia $87,057 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Trump Biden
163 70 Medina Ohio Ohio $87,057 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
164 71 Platte Missouri Missouri $87,281 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
165 72 Kitsap Washington (state) Washington $86,826 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
166 73 Utah Utah Utah $86,597 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
166 73 Oakland Michigan Michigan $86,597 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
167 74 Mercer New Jersey New Jersey $86,499 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
168 75 Tolland Connecticut Connecticut $86,430 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
169 76 McKenzie North Dakota North Dakota $86,294 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
170 77 Isle of Wight Virginia Virginia $86,286 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
171 78 Anchorage Alaska Alaska $86,152 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
172 79 Chesterfield Virginia Virginia $86,101 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
171 80 Aleutians West Alaska Alaska $86,050 YES Bush Bush McCain Obama Clinton Biden
172 81 Lander Nevada Nevada $85,773 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
173 82 Newport Rhode Island Rhode Island $86,499 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
174 83 Warren Iowa Iowa $85,704 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Trump
175 84 Parker Nevada Nevada $85,613 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
176 85 Pierce Washington (state) Washington $85,492 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
177 86 Shelby Alabama Alabama $85,457 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
178 87 Jefferson West Virginia West Virginia $85,277 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Trump
179 88 Washington Wisconsin Wisconsin $85,266 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
180 89 Frederick Virginia Virginia $86,262 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
181 90 Denali Alaska Alaska $85,251 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
182 91 Coweta Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $85,182 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
183 92 Woodford Illinois Illinois $85,085 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
184 93 Chisago Minnesota Minnesota $85,080 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump

Median Household Income greater than or equal $75,000

Overall Category County or Equivalent State Median Household Income Majority Minority Status Presidential Election Result
2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020
185 1 Midland Texas Texas $84,837 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
186 2 Weld Colorado Colorado $84,826 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
187 3 Richmond New York (state) New York $84,744 NO Gore Bush McCain Obama Trump Trump
188 4 Litchfield Connecticut Connecticut $94,689 NO Gore Bush Obama Romney Trump Trump
189 5 Worcester Massachusetts Massachusetts $84,583 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
190 6 Travis Texas Texas $94,519 YES Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
191 7 Dodge Minnesota Minnesota $94,385 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
192 8 New York New York (state) New York $84,371 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
193 9 Park Colorado Colorado $84,361 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
194 10 Arapahoe Colorado Colorado $84,308 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
195 11 Chittenden Vermont Vermont $84,290 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
196 12 Sioux Iowa Iowa $84,283 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
197 13 Hennepin Minnesota Minnesota $84,200 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
198 14 Teton Idaho Idaho $84,015 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Biden
199 15 Washington Washington (state) Washington $83,005 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
200 16 Olmsted Minnesota Minnesota $83,656 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
201 17 Grundy Illinois Illinois $93,254 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Trump
202 18 Santa Barbara California California $83,185 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
203 19 Warrick Indiana Indiana $83,005 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
204 20 Barnstable Massachusetts Massachusetts $82,980 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
205 21 Le Sueur Minnesota Minnesota $82,936 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
206 22 Warren New Jersey New Jersey $82,900 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
207 23 Fulton Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $82,820 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
208 24 Chatham North Carolina North Carolina $82,764 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
209 25 Madison Iowa Iowa $82,730 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
210 26 Piatt Illinois Illinois $82,583 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
211 27 Wilson Tennessee Tennessee $82,489 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
212 28 Gilpin Colorado Colorado $82,370 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
213 29 Culpeper Virginia Virginia $82,220 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
214 30 Brazoria Texas Texas $82,165 YES Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
215 31 Cumberland Pennsylvania Pennsylvania $81,975 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
216 32 Thurston Washington (state) Washington $81,544 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
217 33 Elko Nevada Nevada $81,466 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
218 34 Monterey California California $81,404 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
219 35 Virginia Beach Virginia Virginia $81,364 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
220 36 Leavenworth Kansas Kansas $81,325 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
221 37 Denver Colorado Colorado $81,262 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
222 38 Harris Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $80,911 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
223 39 Porter Indiana Indiana $90,878 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Trump Trump
224 40 Kodiak Island Alaska Alaska $80,863 YES Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
225 41 Merrimack New Hampshire New Hampshire $80,842 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
226 42 Santa Rosa Florida Florida $80,837 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
227 43 Adams Colorado Colorado $80,831 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
228 44 Grand Isle Vermont Vermont $80,693 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
229 45 Ouray Colorado Colorado $80,680 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
230 46 Salt Lake Utah Utah $80,676 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Clinton Biden
231 47 Cumberland Maine Maine $80,484 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
232 48 LaGrange Indiana Indiana $80,335 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
233 49 Hancock Indiana Indiana $80,326 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
234 50 Fairfield Ohio Ohio $80,245 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
235 51 Matanuska-Susitna Alaska Alaska $80,164 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
236 52 Baltimore Maryland Maryland $80,159 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
237 53 Guadalupe Texas Texas $80,145 YES Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
238 54 Rappahannock Virginia Virginia $80,098 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
239 55 Eureka Nevada Nevada $80,084 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
240 56 Hartford Connecticut Connecticut $79,958 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
241 57 Cass Missouri Missouri $79,949 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
242 58 Johnson Indiana Indiana $79,914 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
243 59 Orange North Carolina North Carolina $79,814 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
244 60 Addison Vermont Vermont $79,756 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
245 61 San Miguel Colorado Colorado $79,742 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
246 62 King George Virginia Virginia $79,710 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
247 63 Sacramento California California $79,690 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
248 64 San Luis Obispo California California $79,688 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
249 65 Deschutes Oregon Oregon $79,648 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
250 66 Hanson South Dakota South Dakota $79,602 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
251 67 San Joaquin California California $79,598 YES Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
252 68 Ottawa Michigan Michigan $79,402 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
253 69 King William Virginia Virginia $79,376 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
254 70 Ada Idaho Idaho $79,345 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
255 71 Dukes Massachusetts Massachusetts $79,338 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
256 72 Hays Texas Texas $79,336 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
257 73 Nevada Nevada Nevada $79,281 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
258 73 Cabarrus North Carolina North Carolina $79,148 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
259 74 El Paso Colorado Colorado $79,094 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
260 75 Greene Ohio Ohio $79,035 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
261 76 Benton Arkansas Arkansas $78,974 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
262 77 Garfield Colorado Colorado $78,940 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
263 78 Talbot Maryland Maryland $78,031 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
264 79 Gallatin Montana Montana $78,910 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Clinton Biden
265 80 Henrico Virginia Virginia $78,888 YES Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
266 81 Mercer North Dakota North Dakota $78,823 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
267 82 Wilson Texas Texas $78,794 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
268 83 Grand Colorado Colorado $78,779 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
269 84 Northampton Pennsylvania Pennsylvania $78,768 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Trump Biden
270 85 Riverside California California $78,690 YES Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
271 86 Saunders Nebraska Nebraska $78,689 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
272 87 Larimer Colorado Colorado $78,681 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
273 88 Calumet Wisconsin Wisconsin $78,666 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Trump
274 89 Madison Alabama Alabama $78,386 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
275 90 Clear Creek Colorado Colorado $78,312 NO Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
276 91 Pottawatomie Kansas Kansas $78,296 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
277 92 Columbia Oregon Oregon $78,267 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Trump Trump
278 93 Sitka Alaska Alaska $78,248 NO Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
279 94 Delaware Pennsylvania Pennsylvania $78,194 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
280 95 Benton Iowa Iowa $78,155 NO Gore Kerry Obama Romney Trump Trump
281 96 Suffolk Virginia Virginia $78,090 YES Gore Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
282 97 Nassau Florida Florida $78,069 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
283 98 Rutherford Tennessee Tennessee $78,942 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
284 99 Butler Pennsylvania Pennsylvania $77,902 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
285 100 Multnomah Oregon Oregon $77,851 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
286 101 Cass Nebraska Nebraska $77,771 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
287 102 Camden New Jersey New Jersey $77,675 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
288 103 Wise Texas Texas $77,668 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
289 104 Madison Mississippi Mississippi $77,665 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
290 105 Dane Wisconsin Wisconsin $77,653 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
291 106 Galveston Texas Texas $77,627 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
292 107 Clinton Michigan Michigan $77,617 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Trump
293 108 Miami Kansas Kansas $77,550 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
294 109 Ulster New York (state) New York $77,427 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
294 109 Fredericksburg Virginia Virginia $77,417 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
295 110 Grafton New Hampshire New Hampshire $77,378 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
296 111 Billings North Dakota North Dakota $77,375 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
297 112 Washtenaw Michigan Michigan $77,359 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
298 113 Los Angeles California California $77,356 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
299 114 Benton Washington (state) Washington $77,339 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
300 115 Clinton Illinois Illinois $77,272 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
301 116 Fluvanna Virginia Virginia $77,226 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
302 117 Nevada California California $77,220 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Clinton Biden
303 118 Suffolk Massachusetts Massachusetts $77,163 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
304 119 Hampshire Massachusetts Massachusetts $77,117 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
305 120 Williams North Dakota North Dakota $77,081 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
306 121 Juab Utah Utah $77,036 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
307 122 Humboldt Nevada Nevada $77,018 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
308 123 Steele North Dakota North Dakota $77,013 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
309 124 Woodford Kentucky Kentucky $76,942 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
310 125 Greene Virginia Virginia $76,941 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
311 126 Mills Iowa Iowa $76,917 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
311 126 Fairbanks North Star Alaska Alaska $76,754 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
312 127 Cecil Maryland Maryland $76,727 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
313 128 Teller Colorado Colorado $76,715 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
314 129 Clay Florida Florida $76,711 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
315 130 Sublette Wyoming Wyoming $76,703 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
316 131 Effingham Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $76,626 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
317 132 Henry Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $76,577 YES Bush Bush McCain Romney Clinton Biden
318 133 Lee Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $76,546 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
319 134 Kearny Kansas Kansas $76,518 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
320 135 Yolo California California $76,247 YES Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
321 136 Johnson Texas Texas $76,226 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
322 137 Maricopa Arizona Arizona $76,230 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Biden
323 136 Lincoln Missouri Missouri $76,182 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
324 137 Ontario New York (state) New York $76,137 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
325 138 Washoe Nevada Nevada $76,123 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Clinton Biden
326 139 Perry Pennsylvania Pennsylvania $76,010 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
328 141 Cedar Iowa Iowa $75,894 NO Gore Bush Obama Obama Trump Trump
329 141 Lincoln Wyoming Wyoming $75,872 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
330 142 Stillwater Montana Montana $75,820 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
331 143 Canadian Oklahoma Oklahoma $75,806 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
332 144 Collier Florida Florida $75,799 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
333 145 Belknap New Hampshire New Hampshire $75,789 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Trump
334 146 Ocean New Jersey New Jersey $75,732 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
335 147 Dunn North Dakota North Dakota $75,713 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
336 148 Washington Vermont Vermont $75,692 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
337 149 Menard Illinois Illinois $75,687 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
338 150 Pike Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $75,668 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
339 151 Gloucester Virginia Virginia $75,630 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
340 152 Sagadahoc Maine Maine $75,624 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
341 153 Lancaster Pennsylvania Pennsylvania $75,619 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
342 154 Ascension Louisiana Louisiana $75,498 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
343 155 Hamlin South Dakota South Dakota $75,467 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
344 156 Bremer Iowa Iowa $75,395 NO Bush Bush Obama Obama Trump Trump
345 157 Seward Nebraska Nebraska $75,305 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
346 158 Yamhill Oregon Oregon $75,303 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
347 159 Cheatham Tennessee Tennessee $75,162 NO Bush Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
348 160 Skamania Washington (state) Washington $75,158 NO Bush Bush Obama Romney Trump Trump
349 161 Mecklenburg North Carolina North Carolina $75,138 YES Bush Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
350 162 Clay Missouri Missouri $75,129 NO Gore Bush McCain Romney Trump Trump
351 163 New Haven Connecticut Connecticut $75,094 NO Gore Kerry Obama Obama Clinton Biden
352 164 Gwinnett Georgia (U.S. state) Georgia $75,021 YES Bush Bush McCain Romney Clinton Biden

Social class

Household income is one of the most commonly used measures of income and, therefore, also one of the most prominent indicators of social class. Household income and education do not, however, always reflect perceived class status correctly. Sociologist Dennis Gilbert acknowledges that "... the class structure... does not exactly match the distribution of household income" with "the mismatch [being] greatest in the middle..." (Gilbert, 1998: 92) As social classes commonly overlap, it is not possible to define exact class boundaries.

According to Leonard Beeghley a household income of roughly $95,000 would be typical of a dual-earner middle class household while $60,000 would be typical of a dual-earner working class household and $18,000 typical for an impoverished household. William Thompson and Joseph Hickey see common incomes for the upper class as those exceeding $500,000 with upper middle class incomes ranging from the high 5-figures to most commonly in excess of $100,000. They claim the lower middle class ranges from $35,000 to $75,000; $16,000 to $30,000 for the working class and less than $2,000 for the lower class.

Academic class models
Dennis Gilbert, 2002 William Thompson & Joseph Hickey, 2005 Leonard Beeghley, 2004
Class Typical characteristics Class Typical characteristics Class Typical characteristics
Capitalist class (1%) Top-level executives, high-rung politicians, heirs. Ivy League education common. Upper class (1%) Top-level executives, celebrities, heirs; income of $500,000+ common. Ivy league education common. The super-rich (0.9%) Multi-millionaires whose incomes commonly exceed $3.5 million or more; includes celebrities and powerful executives/politicians. Ivy League education common.
Upper middle class[1] (15%) Highly-educated (often with graduate degrees), most commonly salaried, professionals and middle management with large work autonomy. Upper middle class[1] (15%) Highly-educated (often with graduate degrees) professionals & managers with household incomes varying from the high 5-figure range to commonly above $100,000. The rich (5%) Households with net worth of $1 million or more; largely in the form of home equity. Generally have college degrees.
Middle class (plurality/
majority?; ca. 46%)
College-educated workers with considerably higher-than-average incomes and compensation; a man making $57,000 and a woman making $40,000 may be typical.
Lower middle class (30%) Semi-professionals and craftsmen with a roughly average standard of living. Most have some college education and are white-collar. Lower middle class (32%) Semi-professionals and craftsmen with some work autonomy; household incomes commonly range from $35,000 to $75,000. Typically, some college education.
Working class (30%) Clerical and most blue-collar workers whose work is highly routinized. Standard of living varies depending on number of income earners, but is commonly just adequate. High school education.
Working class (32%) Clerical, pink- and blue-collar workers with often low job security; common household incomes range from $16,000 to $30,000. High school education. Working class
(ca. 40–45%)
Blue-collar workers and those whose jobs are highly routinized with low economic security; a man making $40,000 and a woman making $26,000 may be typical. High school education.
Working poor (13%) Service, low-rung clerical and some blue-collar workers. High economic insecurity and risk of poverty. Some high school education.
Lower class (ca. 14–20%) Those who occupy poorly-paid positions or rely on government transfers. Some high school education.
Underclass (12%) Those with limited or no participation in the labor force. Reliant on government transfers. Some high school education. The poor (ca. 12%) Those living below the poverty line with limited to no participation in the labor force; a household income of $18,000 may be typical. Some high school education.
References: Gilbert, D. (2002) The American Class Structure: In An Age of Growing Inequality. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, ISBN 0534541100. (see also Gilbert Model);
Thompson, W. & Hickey, J. (2005). Society in Focus. Boston, MA: Pearson, Allyn & Bacon; Beeghley, L. (2004). The Structure of Social Stratification in the United States. Boston, MA: Pearson, Allyn & Bacon.
1 The upper middle class may also be referred to as "Professional class" Ehrenreich, B. (1989). The Inner Life of the Middle Class. NY, NY: Harper-Collins.

Distribution of household income

Distribution of household income in 2022 according to US Census data

Percentage of persons and households in each of the income groups shown.
The percent of households with six figure incomes and individuals with incomes in the top 10%, exceeding $77,500.
US Census Bureau figures for 2022
Income of Household Number (thousands) [63] Percent in Group Percent At or Below Mean Income [63] Mean number of earners [64] Mean size of household [64]
Total 131,400$106,4001.302.51
Under $5,000 4,3053.283.28$8770.131.89
$5,000 to $9,999 2,1311.624.90$7,6260.411.75
$10,000 to $14,999 4,5363.458.35$12,4400.271.54
$15,000 to $19,999 4,7253.6011.95$17,3500.371.62
$20,000 to $24,999 5,0473.8415.79$22,2500.511.76
$25,000 to $29,999 4,7283.6019.39$27,2100.591.95
$30,000 to $34,999 5,2854.0223.41$32,0000.752.03
$35,000 to $39,999 4,6743.5626.96$37,0800.822.11
$40,000 to $44,999 4,7613.6230.59$41,9600.892.17
$45,000 to $49,999 4,4533.3933.98$47,1300.982.23
$50,000 to $54,999 4,8383.6837.66$51,8801.062.27
$55,000 to $59,999 4,2523.2440.89$57,0301.102.31
$60,000 to $64,999 4,4633.4044.29$61,8801.192.40
$65,000 to $69,999 3,8672.9447.23$67,1001.262.46
$70,000 to $74,999 3,9042.9750.20$71,9901.302.51
$75,000 to $79,999 3,6692.7953.00$76,9701.412.50
$80,000 to $84,999 3,5052.6755.66$81,9501.432.61
$85,000 to $89,999 3,0612.3357.99$87,0901.502.68
$90,000 to $94,999 3,1322.3860.38$91,9301.542.69
$95,000 to $99,999 2,8382.1662.54$97,1401.602.77
$100,000 to $104,999 3,3122.5265.06$101,8001.592.66
$105,000 to $109,999 2,3211.7766.82$107,1001.672.89
$110,000 to $114,999 2,4621.8768.70$112,0001.783.02
$115,000 to $119,999 2,1881.6770.36$117,1001.812.89
$120,000 to $124,999 2,4211.8472.21$121,8001.712.90
$125,000 to $129,999 2,0861.5973.79$127,1001.802.99
$130,000 to $134,999 1,9961.5275.31$132,0001.873.07
$135,000 to $139,999 1,7301.3276.63$137,0001.823.01
$140,000 to $144,999 1,6801.2877.91$141,9001.923.05
$145,000 to $149,999 1,3751.0578.95$147,2002.002.95
$150,000 to $154,999 2,0051.5380.48$151,9001.842.91
$155,000 to $159,999 1,3891.0681.54$157,0001.993.06
$160,000 to $164,999 1,4611.1182.65$162,0001.892.90
$165,000 to $169,999 1,1310.8683.51$167,1002.063.14
$170,000 to $174,999 1,1440.8784.38$172,1002.023.25
$175,000 to $179,999 1,0430.7985.17$177,1002.073.22
$180,000 to $184,999 1,1060.8486.02$182,1002.073.26
$185,000 to $189,999 9210.7086.72$187,1002.143.12
$190,000 to $194,999 9400.7287.43$192,1002.163.36
$195,000 to $199,999 8890.6888.11$197,2002.083.26
$200,000 to $249,999 6,0244.5892.69$221,1002.113.24
$250,000 and over 9,6367.33100.00$426,600

See also

General:

References

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