US Air Force

JB Charleston is home to the 628th Air Base Wing (628 ABW), the host wing for installation support. The 628th ABW's primary duties are to provide installation support to 53 DoD and Federal agencies, servicing a total force of over 79,000 Airmen, Sailors, Soldiers, Marines, Coast Guardsmen, civilians, dependents and retirees on Charleston AFB and Naval Weapons Station Charleston. Additionally, they also provide expeditionary Airmen to combatant commanders in support of joint and combined operations.

The 437th Airlift Wing (437 AW) operates the C-17 Globemaster III strategic airlift aircraft in support of its mission to provide airlift of troops and passengers, military equipment, cargo, and aeromedical equipment and supplies worldwide in accordance with tasking by Air Mobility Command and unified combatant commanders.

The air base has four operational groups consisting of 21 squadrons and two wing staff directorates. It is augmented by a parallel, collocated Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) "associate" wing, the 315th Airlift Wing (315 AW), which shares the same C-17 aircraft with the 437 AW.

In addition, the USAF Auxiliary Civil Air Patrol Coastal Charleston Composite Squadron is also assigned to JB Charleston. They meet at the Aero Club near the control tower.

US Navy

Portions of The Charleston, South Carolina metropolitan area, (The City of Charleston, The City of North Charleston, The City of Goose Creek, and The City of Hanahan) are home to branches of the United States Military. During the Cold War, the Naval Base (1902–1996) became the third largest U.S. homeport serving over 80 ships and submarines. In addition, the Charleston Naval Shipyard repaired frigates, destroyers, cruisers, sub tenders, and submarines. The Shipyard was also equipped for the refueling of nuclear subs.

During this period, the Weapons Station was the Atlantic Fleet's load out base for all 41 nuclear ballistic missile submarines. Two SSBN "Boomer" squadrons and a sub tender were homeported at the Weapons Station, while one SSN attack squadron, Submarine Squadron 4, and a sub tender were homeported at the Naval Base. At the 1996 closure of the Station's Polaris Missile Facility Atlantic (POMFLANT), over 2,500 nuclear warheads and their UGM-27 Polaris, UGM-73 Poseidon, and UGM-96 Trident I delivery missiles (SLBM) were stored and maintained, guarded by a U.S. Marine Corps Security Force Company.

During the 1960's through the early 1990's Submarine Group Six was headquartered in Charleston. Being the largest submarine group in the U.S. Navy, and one of the largest in the world, including five submarine squadrons in three home ports with five submarine tenders, more than 50 submarines and more than 18,000 active duty members. Of which 12,000 of the active duty members were home ported in Charleston.

The Naval Support Activity has expanded its mission and Department of Defense support role with over 40 tenant commands, and today is a training center, with the Naval Nuclear Power Training Command (NNPTC), Nuclear Power Training Unit, Propulsion Facility, and Border Patrol satellite academy; Naval Consolidated Brig, Charleston; Mobile Mine Assembly Unit; Explosive Ordnance Detachments; Marine Corps Reserve Center; an engineering complex, with the Naval Information Warfare Center Atlantic^[3] (NIWC, this is the largest employer in the Charleston area) and is close to the Naval Facilities Engineering Command Southeast; 269 above-ground ammunition magazines, maintenance and storage of military ordnance including mines, and serves as an Army logistics hub, the busiest continental United States surface port in the defense transportation system. In addition, NWS Charleston contains more than 1,800 on-base houses for Navy enlisted and officer dependents as well as Coast Guard dependents, and has a child care facility, elementary and middle schools.

A large medical clinic near NNPTC in Goose Creek has just finished construction.^[4]

An Air Force Times article dated 21 December 2009 announced the activation of the 628th Air Wing to "take over administrative duties for a number of military commands" in January 2010. The 628th "will essentially serve as the 'landlord' for Charleston Air Force Base, the Charleston Naval Consolidated Brig and about 50 other military commands. The unit will handle items such as building and grounds services, supply and civil engineering and public works.^[5]

Because of the construction, larger and heavier aircraft will now be cleared to land on runway 03/21, which will be key when work scheduled for Fiscal Year 2012 begins on runway 15/33, the base's main runway. The last major work done on Joint Base Charleston runways was in 1968.

Navy

• Charleston Naval Weapons Station, Joint Base Charleston (>17,000 acres, 27 square miles), Goose Creek and Hanahan
• Naval Information Warfare Center Atlantic (NIWC Atlantic)
• Naval Nuclear Power Training Command
  • Nuclear Power School
• Nuclear Power Training Unit
  • Moored Training Nuclear Submarine, USS Daniel Webster (SSBN-626)
  • Moored Training Nuclear Submarine, USS Sam Rayburn (SSBN-635)
  • Moored Training Nuclear Submarine, USS La Jolla (SSN-701)
  • Moored Training Nuclear Submarine, USS San Francisco (SSN-711)^[6]
• Naval Consolidated Brig, Charleston, East Coast
• Mobile Mine Assembly Unit Eleven (MOMAU-11)
• Naval Operations Support Center Charleston
• Navy Reserve Center
• Navy Munitions Command CONUS, Detachment Charleston
• Explosive Ordnance Detachment
• Naval Health Clinic Charleston
• Navy Dental Clinic
• Naval Criminal Investigative Service Training, Federal Complex
• Lay berth for Roll-On Roll-Off Surge Sealift Ships, Ready Reserve Force, Federal Complex
• MV Cape Ducato (T-AKR-5051), Maritime Administration RRF Vessel, Federal Complex
• MV Cape Douglas (T-AKR-5052), Maritime Administration RRF Vessel, Federal Complex
• MV Cape Domingo (T-AKR-5053), Maritime Administration, RRF Vessel, Federal Complex
• MV Cape Decision (T-AKR-5054), Maritime Administration RRF Vessel, Federal Complex
• MV Cape Diamond (T-AKR-5055), Maritime Administration RRF Vessel, Federal Complex
• MV Cape Edmont (T-AKR-5069), Maritime Administration RRF Vessel, Federal Complex

Air Force

• Charleston Air Force Base, Joint Base Charleston (3,877 acres, 6.06 square miles), North Charleston
• Charleston Air Force Auxiliary Base, North, SC (2,393 acres, 3.74 square miles)
• Charleston Defense Fuel Storage and Distribution Facility, Hanahan
• 628th Air Base Wing
• 628th Mission Support Group
• 628th Medical Group
• 315th Airlift Wing
• 437th Airlift Wing
• 373rd Training Squadron, Detachment 5
• 1st Combat Camera Squadron
• 4th Combat Camera Squadron
• 412th Logistics Support Squadron OL-AC
• Air Force ROTC Det 772
• Civil Air Patrol – Charleston Composite Squadron

Coast Guard

• Coast Guard Sector Charleston (District 7)
• Coast Guard Station Charleston
• Coast Guard Helicopter Air Facility, Johns Island
• Coast Guard Eurocopter HH-65 Dolphin, Johns Island
• Coast Guard Reserves, Charleston
• Coast Guard Maritime Law Enforcement Academy, Federal Complex
• USCGC Hamilton (WMSL-753) National Security Cutter, Federal Complex
• USCGC James (WMSL-754) National Security Cutter, Federal Complex
• USCGC Stone (WMSL-758) National Security Cutter, Federal Complex
• USCGC Calhoun (WMSL-759) National Security Cutter, Federal Complex
• USCGC Friedman (WMSL-760) National Security Cutter, 2024 Delivery, Federal Complex
• USCGC Tarpon, Marine Protector-class coastal patrol boat, Tybee Island
• USCGC Yellowfin, Marine Protector-class coastal patrol boat, Charleston
• USCGC Anvil, Charleston

Army

• United States Army Corps of Engineers, Charleston District
• South Carolina Army National Guard
• Army Reserve Training Center, Naval Weapons Station
• 841st Army Transportation Battalion, Naval Weapons Station
• 1182nd Army Deployment & Distribution Support Battalion, Naval Weapons Station
• 1189th Army Transportation Brigade, Reserve Support Command, Naval Weapons Station
• Army Strategic Logistics Activity, Naval Weapons Station

Marines

• Marine Corps Reserve Center, Naval Weapons Station

Federal Complex (former Charleston Naval Base), North Charleston

The former Charleston Naval Base has been transformed into a multi-use Federal Complex (231 acres) with 17 Government and Military tenants, as well as homeport for 6 RO-RO Military Sealift Command Ships, 4 Coast Guard National Security Cutters, and 2 NOAA Research Ships. In October 2020, the Coast Guard purchased 166 acres and additional piers on the former Naval complex to construct a super base, so as to consolidate all Charleston area facilities and become the homeport for five Security cutters and additional offshore cutters.

• Federal Law Enforcement Training Centers (FLETC), Department of Homeland Security
• NOAA Corps
• Moored FLETC Training Ship, SS Cape Chalmers (T-AK-5036)
• Sea Hawk Interagency Operations Center
• Customs and Border Protection Satellite Academy
• Immigration and Customs Enforcement Satellite Academy
• U.S. Courts, Federal Probation and Pretrial Services Academy
• Food and Drug Administration Training Academy
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Office of Law Enforcement
• NOAAS Nancy Foster (R 352) Ship
• NOAAS Ronald H. Brown (R 104) Ship
• U.S. Department of State
• Veterans Administration Goose Creek Clinic
• Global Financial Services Center, U.S. Department of State
• Passport Service Center, U.S. Department of State
• United States Maritime Administration

• 
  Joint Base Charleston
• 
  United States Marine Corps
• 
  The 437 Airlift Wing
• 
  The 315 Airlift Wing
• 
  The 1st Combat Camera Squadron
• 
  The 412 Flight Test Squadron
• 
  U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
• 
  Naval Information Warfare Center Atlantic