Klaus von Klitzing
Klitzing in 2015
Born (1943-06-28) 28 June 1943
Schroda, Reichsgau Posen, Germany
(now Środa Wielkopolska, Poland)
NationalityGerman
Known forQuantum Hall effect[1]
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsPhysics
Websitewww.fkf.mpg.de/klitzing

Klaus von Klitzing (German: [klaʊ̯s fɔn ˈklɪ.t͡sɪŋ] ⓘ, born 28 June 1943, Schroda) is a German physicist, known for discovery of the integer quantum Hall effect, for which he was awarded the 1985 Nobel Prize in Physics.[3][4]

Education

In 1962, Klitzing passed the Abitur at the Artland-Gymnasium in Quakenbrück, Germany, before studying physics at the Braunschweig University of Technology, where he received his diploma in 1969. He continued his studies at the University of Würzburg at the chair of Gottfried Landwehr, completing his PhD thesis entitled Galvanomagnetic Properties of Tellurium in Strong Magnetic Fields in 1972, and gaining habilitation in 1978.

Research and career

During his career Klitzing has worked at the Clarendon Laboratory at the University of Oxford and the Grenoble High Magnetic Field Laboratory in France (now LNCMI), where he continued to work until becoming a professor at the Technical University of Munich in 1980. He has been a director of the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart since 1985.[5]

The von Klitzing constant, RK = h/e2 = 25812.80745... Ω,[6] is named in honor of Klaus von Klitzing's discovery of the quantum Hall effect, and is listed in the National Institute of Standards and Technology Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty. The inverse of the constant is equal to half the value of the conductance quantum.

More recently, Klitzing's research focuses on the properties of low-dimensional electronic systems, typically in low temperatures and in high magnetic fields.

Honours and awards

Von Klitzing has won numerous awards and honours including:

References

  1. ↑ Klitzing, K. v.; Dorda, G.; Pepper, M. (1980). "New Method for High-Accuracy Determination of the Fine-Structure Constant Based on Quantized Hall Resistance". Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society. 45 (6): 494–497. Bibcode:1980PhRvL..45..494K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.45.494.
  2. 1 2 "Professor Klaus von Klitzing ForMemRS". Royal Society.
  3. ↑ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1985". Nobel Media AB 2014. Retrieved 28 April 2018. The Nobel Prize in Physics 1985 was awarded to Klaus von Klitzing "for the discovery of the quantized Hall effect".
  4. ↑ "Klaus von Klitzing". www.nobel-winners.com. 2003. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
  5. ↑ K. von Klitzing; G. Dorda; M. Pepper (1980). "New Method for High-Accuracy Determination of the Fine-Structure Constant Based on Quantized Hall". Physical Review Letters. 45 (6): 494–497. Bibcode:1980PhRvL..45..494K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.45.494.
  6. ↑ "2018 CODATA Value: von Klitzing constant". The NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty. NIST. 20 May 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  7. ↑ "Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
  8. ↑ "Honorary graduates, 1990 to 1999". University of Bath. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
  9. ↑ "Preisträger/innen" (in German). Braunschweigische Wissenschaftliche Gesellschaft. Archived from the original on 1 November 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2018. 2005: Klaus von Klitzing, Dr. rer. nat., Dr. h. c. mult., Professor für Festkörperphysik, Direktor am Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart, Honorarprofessor an der Universität Stuttgart
  10. ↑ "10542/AB XXIV. GP – Anfragebeantwortung" (PDF) (in German). 23 April 2012. p. 1841. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
  11. ↑ "Doctorado Honoris Causa". unsam.edu.ar (in Spanish). Noticias UNSAM. 17 November 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  12. ↑ "Orden Pour le mérite wählt neue Mitglieder". bundesregierung.de (in German). Presse- und Informationsamt der Bundesregierung. 2019. Retrieved 3 August 2019.
  13. ↑ "Klaus von Klitzing winner of the Fray Award".
  • Klaus von Klitzing on Nobelprize.org including the Nobel Lecture, 9 December 1985 The Quantized Hall Effect
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