Languages of Senegal
French in use on an official sign in Agnam-Goly
OfficialFrench
NationalWolof, Balanta-Ganja, Jola-Fonyi, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Pulaar, Serer, Soninke
VernacularWolof
MinorityBambara, Bandial, Bapeng, Bassari, Bayot, Bedik, Dyula, Gusilay, Jola-Felupe, Karon, Kasa, Kassonke, Kobiana, Laalaa, Maninka, Ndut, Palor, Safen
ForeignEnglish, Arabic, Creole
SignedFrancophone African Sign Language
Keyboard layout
Ethnolinguistic map of Senegal
Knowledge of the French language in Senegal. In 2005, 10% of the Senegalese people were fully speakers of French, and 21% were partially French speaking. Estimation made by the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie.

Senegal is a multilingual country: Ethnologue lists 36 languages, Wolof being the most widely spoken language.

French, which was inherited from the colonial era, is used by the administration and understood by about 15–20% of all men and about 1–2% of all women.[1] Senegal is a member State of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie. A Senegalese, Abdou Diouf, held the position of its Executive Secretary between 2003 and 2014.

Several of the Senegalese languages have the status of "national languages": Wolof, Balanta-Ganja, Arabic, Jola-Fonyi, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon (Serer-Noon), Pulaar, Serer, and Soninke.

In terms of usage, Wolof is the lingua franca and the most widely spoken language in Senegal, as a first or second language (80%).[2]

Mande languages spoken include Soninke, and Mandinka. Jola (Diola) is a main language in the Casamance region. The Guinea Creole dialect, based on Portuguese is also spoken in that region. In 2008 Senegal, due to its historical connections to Portuguese colonisation in Casamance, was admitted as Associate Observer in the CPLP (Community of Portuguese Language Countries).

Education for the deaf in Senegal uses American Sign Language, introduced by the deaf American missionary Andrew Foster. A local language is Mbour Sign Language.

A report for the High Council of Francophonie in Paris stated in 1986 that in Senegal, 60,000 people spoke French as a first language and 700,000 spoke French as a second language. The total population of Senegal at the time was 6,500,000.[3]

Languages taught at school

French is a mandatory school subject, as it is the official language of Senegal. English is taught as a subject in secondary school across the country.[4][5]

Languages

References

  1. ↑ Jacques Leclerc (2010-10-04). "Sénégal". Trésor de la langue française au Québec. Archived from the original on 2012-02-29. Retrieved 2012-03-17.
  2. ↑ Pariona, Amber (27 September 2017). "What Languages Are Spoken in Senegal?". WorldAtlas. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  3. ↑ Meisler, Stanley. "Seduction Still Works : French--a Language in Decline." Los Angeles Times. March 1, 1986. Retrieved on May 18, 2013.
  4. ↑ "Young Senegalese Turn to English".
  5. ↑ "The Warwick Elt". 31 December 2016.

Further reading

  • Dumont, Pierre (1982). Le français et les langues africaines au Sénégal. Paris: AACT and Karthala.


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