Map of Mexico with Campeche highlighted
Map of Mexico with Campeche highlighted

Campeche is a state on the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico that is divided into thirteen municipalities.[1] According to the 2020 Mexican census, Campeche is the third least populous state with 928,363 inhabitants and the 17th largest by land area spanning 57,693.59 square kilometres (22,275.62 sq mi).[1][2]

Municipalities in Campeche are administratively autonomous of the state according to the 115th article of the 1917 Constitution of Mexico.[3] Every three years, citizens elect a municipal president (Spanish: presidente municipal) by a plurality voting system who heads a concurrently elected municipal council (ayuntamiento) responsible for providing all the public services for their constituents. The municipal council consists of a variable number of trustees and councillors (regidores y síndicos).[4] Municipalities are responsible for public services (such as water and sewerage), street lighting, public safety, traffic, and the maintenance of public parks, gardens and cemeteries.[5] They may also assist the state and federal governments in education, emergency fire and medical services, environmental protection and maintenance of monuments and historical landmarks. Since 1984, they have had the power to collect property taxes and user fees, although more funds are obtained from the state and federal governments than from their own income.[5]

The largest municipality by population in Campeche is the state capital Campeche, with 294,077 residents, while the smallest municipality by population is Palizada with 8,683 residents.[1] The largest municipality by area is Calakmul, which spans 14,031.51 km2 (5,417.60 sq mi), while Tenabo is the smallest at 1,061.63 km2 (409.90 sq mi).[2] The first municipalities to incorporate were Campeche, Carmen, and Hecelchakán on April 6, 1825,[6] and the newest municipalities are Dzitbalché and Seybaplaya, which incorporated January 1, 2021.[7]

Municipalities

†  State capital

Name Municipal seat Population
(2020)[1]		 Population
(2010)[8]		 Change Land area[2] Population density
(2020)		 Incorporation date[6]
km2 sq mi
Calakmul Xpujil 31,714 26,882 +18.0% 14,031.51 5,417.60 2.3/km2 (5.9/sq mi) December 31, 1996[9]
Calkiní[lower-alpha 1] Calkiní 59,232 52,890 +12.0% 2,108.70 814.17 28.1/km2 (72.8/sq mi) July 4, 1862
Campeche† Campeche 294,077 259,005 +13.5% 3,253.63 1,256.23 90.4/km2 (234.1/sq mi) April 6, 1825
Candelaria Candelaria 46,913 41,194 +13.9% 5,687.63 2,196.01 8.2/km2 (21.4/sq mi) July 1, 1998[10]
Carmen Ciudad del Carmen 248,845 221,094 +12.6% 8,644.17 3,337.53 28.8/km2 (74.6/sq mi) April 6, 1825
Champotón[lower-alpha 2] Champotón 78,17083,021– 6,589.70 2,544.30 11.9/km2 (30.7/sq mi) November 30, 1840
Dzitbalché[lower-alpha 3] Dzitbalché – – – – – – January 1, 2021[7]
Escárcega Escárcega 59,923 54,184 +10.6% 4,798.22 1,852.60 12.5/km2 (32.3/sq mi) July 19, 1990
Hecelchakán Hecelchakán 31,917 28,306 +12.8% 1,278.67 493.70 25.0/km2 (64.6/sq mi) April 6, 1825
Hopelchén Hopelchén 42,140 37,777 +11.5% 7,803.22 3,012.84 5.4/km2 (14.0/sq mi) May 24, 1837
Palizada Palizada 8,683 8,352 +4.0% 2,149.95 830.10 4.0/km2 (10.5/sq mi) July 4, 1862
Seybaplaya[lower-alpha 4] Seybaplaya 15,297 13,783 +11.0% 289.80 111.89 52.8/km2 (136.7/sq mi) January 1, 2021[7]
Tenabo Tenabo 11,452 9,736 +17.6% 1,061.63 409.90 10.8/km2 (27.9/sq mi) July 4, 1862
Campeche — 928,363 822,441 +12.9% 57,693.59 22,275.62 16.1/km2 (41.7/sq mi) —
Mexico[11] — 126,014,024 112,336,538 +12.2% 1,972,550 761,606 63.9/km2 (165.5/sq mi) —

Notes

  1. ↑ The population, land area and population density for Calkiní reflects municipal boundaries prior to the 2021 separation of the municipality of Dzitbalché.[7]
  2. ↑ The 2020 population, land area and population density for Champotón reflects municipal boundaries after the 2021 separation of the municipality of Seybaplaya. The 2010 population for Champotón reflects its previous municipal boundaries including Seybaplaya.[7]
  3. ↑ No population figures are available as Dzitbalché incorporated on January 1, 2021 and was thus not counted as a separate municipality for the 2020 census.[1]
  4. ↑ Population figures are available as Seybaplaya despite its incorporation on January 1, 2021 after the 2020 census.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020 - SCITEL" (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  2. 1 2 3 "Unidad de Microrregiones Cédulas de Información Municipal (SCIM)" (in Spanish). Secretaría de Desarrollo Social. Retrieved November 18, 2017.
  3. ↑ Article 115, Political Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1917 (in Spanish). Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  4. ↑ OECD (November 12, 2004). New Forms of Governance for Economic Development. OECD Publishing. p. 121. ISBN 978-9264015326.
  5. 1 2 International Business Publications (2009). Mexico Company Laws and Regulations Handbook. International Business Publications, USA. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-4330-7030-3. {{cite book}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  6. 1 2 Estado de Campeche. División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. p. 81. ISBN 978-970-13-1489-0.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 "Decreto Número 45" (PDF). Periódico Oficial del Estado de Campeche, Segunda Sección (in Spanish). 26 April 2019. pp. 3–4. Retrieved 17 October 2020.
  8. ↑ "Localidades y su población por municipio según tamaño de localidad" (PDF) (in Spanish). INEGI. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 20, 2018. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
  9. ↑ "Historia de Calakmul el Municipio Mas Joven del Estado de Campeche" (in Spanish). Gobierno Municipal del Honorable Ayuntamiento de Calakmul. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
  10. ↑ "Enciclopedia de Los Municipios y Delegaciones de México Estado de Campeche" (in Spanish). H. Ayuntamiento de Escobedo. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
  11. ↑ "Población" (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved January 20, 2018.

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