Other White
Distribution by District (2011)
Total population
2,690,088
4.25% of the total population (2011 census)
England England: 3,585,003 (2021)[1]
Wales Wales: 82,994 (2021)[1]
Scotland Scotland: 102,117 (2011)
Regions with significant populations
London, East of England, Greater Manchester, Peterborough, Nottingham, Reading, Boston
Languages
British English, Polish, Romanian, Italian
Religion
Predominantly Christianity;
Minorities practice Irreligion, Judaism and Islam
Related ethnic groups
White British, White Polish, Romanians in the United Kingdom

The term Other White, or White Other, is a classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom, used in documents such as the 2021 United Kingdom Census, to describe people who identify as white persons who are not of the English, Welsh, Scottish, Gypsy, Roma, Irish or Irish Traveller ethnic groupings.[2] In Scotland, the term Other White is also used to refer collectively to those not of Scottish or Other British ethnicity, in which case it also includes those of a Gypsy, Roma, Irish or Irish Traveller background.[3]

The category does not comprise a single ethnic group; rather, it serves a means of identification for white individuals not represented by other white census categories. Consequently, the Other White group encompasses a diverse range of people, and includes those born in Britain and those born elsewhere.[2]

According to the 2021 United Kingdom census, those identifying as Other White in England & Wales enumerated 3,667,997, or 6.2% of the population.[4][5] The largest represented ethnic groups in the Other White category were Poles (614,000 people) and Romanians (343,000 people).[6] In Scotland, the largest represented ethnic groups classed as Other White were Poles (61,000 people) and Irish (54,000 people).[3]

In 2011, the Scottish Government introduced the category White Polish as a means of identifying the Polish diaspora in Scotland.[3]

Along with White British and White Irish, the Other White category does not appear in Northern Ireland, where only one "White" classification was presented to respondents.[7]

Demographics

Population pyramid of Other Whites in 2021 (in England and Wales)

Birthplace

Year of arrival (2021 census)[8]

  Born in the UK (16.2%)
  Before 1950 (0.2%)
  1951 to 1960 (0.7%)
  1961 to 1970 (1.3%)
  1971 to 1980 (1.4%)
  1981 to 1990 (1.9%)
  1991 to 2000 (6.1%)
  2001 to 2010 (25.2%)
  2011 to 2021 (47.0%)

According to 2016 ONS Estimates, Other Whites enumerated 4,167,000, or 6.3% of the population in the United Kingdom.[9] However their numbers, in line with a slight population decline in Polish and Romanian citizens in Britain, fell to 3,667,997 in England & Wales at the 2021 United Kingdom census.[10][11]

In the 2001 UK Census, the majority of people living in England and Wales ticking the 'Other White' ethnic group specified their ethnicity as European.[12] Four out of five of the 'Other White' category (i.e. not British or Irish) were born overseas. A third were born in a Western European country other than the UK, and one in seven were born in an Eastern European country.[12]

Outside of Europe, countries derived from former British colonies such as the Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa and United States were among the top ten birthplaces (which included the UK itself). This suggested that, in 2001, significant numbers of Canadian Britons, Australian Briton, New Zealand Britons, American Britons and South African Britons, such as those born abroad to British parents and returned to the UK as minors, identified as White Other. It may also be that those who identify as white Canadians, white Australians, white New Zealanders, white Americans or white South Africans white Australians have migrated to the country as adults.[12]

According to 2016 ONS Estimates, Other Whites enumerated 4,167,000, or 6.3% of the population in the United Kingdom.[9] However their numbers, in line with a slight population decline in Polish and Romanian citizens in Britain, fell to 3,667,997 in England & Wales at the 2021 United Kingdom census.[10][11]

Economic status

The Other White group is largely of working age, with only one in ten aged over 65 and one in seven under 16 at the time of the 2001 census. This does vary according to the stated country of birth, with people born in the UK being disproportionately young. Polish and Italian respondents had a larger proportion of over 65s,[12] which reflects the migration of Poles and Italians to Britain after the Second World War.

In 2019, the Other White group had a median hourly pay of £11.54 (8% less than the White British group).[13]

In 2021, the Other White group had an employment rate of 82% - the highest in England, Scotland and Wales.[14]

According to a 2022 Civitas report, Other White citizens have average wealth or assets of £53,200.[15]

Ethnic group Individual median wealth
White British £166,700
Indian £144,400
Black Caribbean £85,000
Chinese £67,300
White Other £53,200
Pakistani £52,000
Bangladeshi £22,800
Black African £18,100

Religion

Religion England and Wales
2011[16] 2021[17]
Number % Number %
Christianity 1,617,833 65.08% 2,202,595 60.05%
No religion 464,911 18.70% 933,703 25.46%
Islam 131,056 5.27% 131,425 3.58%
Judaism 39,319 1.58% 49,125 1.34%
Buddhism 9,275 0.37% 9,658 0.26%
Hinduism 4,740 0.19% 1,368 0.04%
Sikhism 1,795 0.07% 607 0.02%
Other religions 11,749 0.47% 31,925 0.87%
Not Stated 205,134 8.25% 307,587 8.39%

Detailed breakdown

Ethnic group within the White Other Group (in England and Wales) 2021[18]
Population %
White: European Mixed 646,118 1.1
White: Polish 614,344 1.0
White: Romanian 342,651 0.6
White: Other White, White unspecified 211,287 0.4
White: Other Eastern European 166,179 0.3
White: Italian 148,661 0.2
White: Lithuanian 97,217 0.2
White: Portuguese 93,608 0.2
White: Bulgarian 89,546 0.2
White: North American 82,985 0.1
White: Spanish 81,150 0.1
White: French 78,502 0.1
White: Greek 73,719 0.1
White: German 66,174 0.1
White: Hungarian 65,697 0.1
White: Australian/New Zealander 61,172 0.1
White: Turkish 61,102 0.1
White: South African 57,648 0.1
White: Latvian 48,070 0.1
White: Russian 44,662 0.1
White: Albanian 40,879 0.1
White: Slovakian 36,936 0.1
White: Jewish 34,105 0.1
White: Hispanic or Latin American 32,335 0.1
White: Greek Cypriot 29,472 0.0
White: Czech 25,023 0.0
White: Brazilian 24,221 0.0
White: Dutch 23,721 0.0
White: Any other ethnic group 22,309 0.0
White: Other Mixed 21,092 0.0
White: Mixed Irish 20,278 0.0
White: White African 20,273 0.0
White: Ukrainian 16,297 0.0
White: Swedish 16,132 0.0
White: Kosovan 13,145 0.0
White: Danish 9,453 0.0
White: Turkish Cypriot 9,398 0.0
White: Serbian 7,906 0.0
White: Finnish 7,892 0.0
White: Belgian 7,576 0.0
White: Iranian 7,356 0.0
White: Swiss 7,005 0.0
White: Croatian 6,995 0.0
White: Norwegian 6,814 0.0
White: South American 6,600 0.0
White: Other Middle East 6,527 0.0
White: Cypriot (part not stated) 5,956 0.0
White: Austrian 5,825 0.0
White: Estonian 5,147 0.0
White: Kurdish 5,091 0.0
White: Maltese 4,971 0.0
White: Arab 3,931 0.0
White: Armenian 3,807 0.0
White: Slovenian 3,719 0.0
White: White Caribbean 3,469 0.0
White: Macedonian 3,446 0.0
White: Other North African 3,375 0.0
White: Moldovan 3,207 0.0
White: Mixed White 2,991 0.0
White: Israeli 2,981 0.0
White: African unspecified 2,805 0.0
White: Bosnian 2,633 0.0
White: Belarusian 2,522 0.0
White: Argentinian 2,156 0.0
White: Georgian 2,149 0.0
White: White and North African or Middle Eastern 2,035 0.0
White: Colombian 1,976 0.0
White: Zimbabwean 1,803 0.0
White: Algerian 1,776 0.0

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "2021 Census: Ethnic group, local authorities in the United Kingdom". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  2. 1 2 "List of ethnic groups". www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
  3. 1 2 3 "Scotland's Census at a glance: Ethnic groups". Scotland's Census. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
  4. ↑ "Ethnic group, England and Wales - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 2022-11-29.
  5. ↑ "Ethnic group - Census Maps, ONS". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 2022-11-29.
  6. ↑ "Ethnic group, England and Wales - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 2023-11-21.
  7. ↑ "Harmonised Concepts and Questions for Social Data Sources: Primary Standards – Ethnic Group" (PDF). Office for National Statistics. April 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 21 August 2010.
  8. ↑ "Ethnic group and year of arrival in the uk - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 2023-07-08.
  9. 1 2 "Research report on population estimates by characteristics - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 2022-11-30.
  10. 1 2 "Ethnic group, England and Wales - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 2022-11-30.
  11. 1 2 "UK Loses EU Nationals in a Year of Brexit and Pandemic Shocks". Bloomberg.com. 2022-05-26. Retrieved 2022-11-30.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Gardener, David; Connolly, Helen (October 2005). "Who are the 'Other' ethnic groups?" (PDF). Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 28, 2008. Retrieved 22 June 2008.
  13. ↑ "Ethnicity pay gaps - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. 12 October 2020. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  14. ↑ "Employment". www.ethnicity-facts-figures.service.gov.uk. 3 November 2022. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  15. ↑ Norrie, Richard (February 2022). "In defence of British openness" (PDF). Retrieved 15 March 2023.
  16. ↑ "DC2201EW - Ethnic group and religion" (Spreadsheet). ONS. 15 September 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2016. Size: 21Kb.
  17. ↑ "Ethnic group by religion - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 2023-04-02.
  18. ↑ "Ethnic group (detailed) - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.