Premier of Manitoba
Premier ministre du Manitoba
Incumbent
Wab Kinew
since October 18, 2023
Office of the Premier
Style
StatusHead of Government
Member of
Reports to
SeatManitoba Legislative Building
450 Broadway, Winnipeg, MB
AppointerLieutenant Governor of Manitoba
with the confidence of the Manitoba Legislature
Term lengthAt His Majesty's pleasure
contingent on the premier's ability to command confidence in the legislative assembly
FormationSeptember 16, 1870[1]
First holderAlfred Boyd
DeputyDeputy Premier of Manitoba
SalaryIn 2017, $94,513 (MLA Basic Annual Salary) plus $79,201 (Premier Additional Annual Salary). [2] Additional MLA Allowances include Living Allowance, Travel Allowance, Office Rent Allowance, Assistants Allowance, Constituency Allowance (between $54,672 and $61,245), and others.[3]
WebsitePremier official website

The premier of Manitoba (French: premier ministre du Manitoba) is the first minister (i.e., head of government or chief executive) for the Canadian province of Manitoba—as well as the de facto President of the province's Executive Council.[4]

In formal terms, the premier receives a commission to form a government from the Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba, who represents the monarch at the provincial level.

The 25th and current premier of Manitoba is Wab Kinew, who was sworn in on October 18, 2023.

Status and role

The premier of Manitoba is the head of the government, in that they are the head of the provincial party capable of winning a vote of confidence in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba. In this sense, the role of the premier is the same as the prime minister, but at the provincial level.[5]

After being sworn in, the premier organises a provincial cabinet (the Executive Council), which is formally appointed by the lieutenant governor (lg). Together, the premier and lieutenant governor are comparable to U.S. state governors: the lieutenant governor performs functions of state and protocol, such as signing bills into law, as the Queen's representative to the province; while the premier is responsible for overseeing the operations of government as head of the cabinet.

The premier also represents the province on a national level, and has talks with other premiers and the Prime Minister once a year.

Premiers of Manitoba

History

The Province of Manitoba was created on 12 May 1870 with the passing of the Manitoba Act. The next month, on July 15, the Province was officially admitted into Confederation. On December 30 that year, the first election was held for the Manitoba's Legislative Assembly.[6]

From 1870 to 1874, Manitoba was governed by its first two Lieutenant Governors (LG), Adams Archibald and Alexander Morris.[7]: ix  As agents of the LGs, Alfred Boyd (1870–71) and Henry James Clark (1872–74), who are often named in various lists as the first Manitoba premiers, never actually held the title of "Premier."[7]: ix [8] Accordingly, there has been debate as to whether the Office of Premier can be considered to have existed before Marc-Amable Girard's premiership that began in July 1874.[8] Lieutenant Governor Morris recognized Girard as such in the following correspondence to the Secretary of State in Ottawa:

Sir,

I have the honor to inform you, that the Legislative Assembly having adopted a vote of want of confidence in the Ministry of Manitoba by a vote of 15 to 7, I accepted the resignations which the ministers tendered me and having called upon the Hon'ble Mr. Gerard [sic] to form a new administration, that gentleman succeeded in the task entrusted to him ...

I would call your attention to the fact that in forming the Government I did so through the intervention of a premier thus introducing responsible Government in its modern type into the Province - the previous Ministry was selected personally by my predecessor and none of its members were recognized as first minister.

— Lieutenant-Governor Alexander Morris (13 July 1874)

Additionally, Wab Kinew, Leader of Manitoba's New Democratic Party (NDP), introduced a bill in 2020 to formally recognize the founder of Manitoba,[9] Louis Riel, as the province's first premier.[10]

Until 1888, the administrations of Manitoba were non-partisan. That year, Thomas Greenway would become the first partisan and first Liberal premier of Manitoba, followed by Conservative Hugh John Macdonald.[7]: x  Progressivism would finally make its way to Manitoba's government in 1922, under the non-partisan United Farmers leader John Bracken, who held office for 20 years under various political and non-partisan labels.[7]: xii 

Since the 1950s, Manitoba has alternated between governments led by the New Democrats (and predecessors) and by the Progressive Conservatives (PC; and predecessors).[11] Moreover, throughout the province's history, all but one of its governments—Premier Sterling Lyon (1977–81)—have been elected to second terms.[11][12]

In 2016, long-time conservative politician Brian Pallister became the 22nd premier of Manitoba, upending 17 years of NDP governance in the province.[11][13] Pallister's landslide victory would follow the premiership of NDP Greg Selinger (2009–16), who Maclean's says has been regarded as Canada's "least popular premier."[13] Following her election, according to the Angus Reid Institute, Pallister was the 2nd-most-popular premier in the country; however, his popularity would steadily decline since (with an approval rating of 37% two years into his mandate).[13]

See also

Politics in Manitoba

Leaders

Legislature

Other

Politics in Canada

References

  1. ↑ "MLA Biographies - Deceased". Legislative Assembly of Manitoba. August 4, 2009. Retrieved April 3, 2013.
  2. ↑ "2017 MLA Pay | Commissioner for MLA Pay, Allowances and Retirement Benefits".
  3. ↑ "2017 MLA Allowances | Commissioner for MLA Pay, Allowances and Retirement Benefits".
  4. ↑ "Province of Manitoba | Office of the Premier". Province of Manitoba. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
  5. ↑ "CanadaInfo: Provinces and Territories: Manitoba: Former Premiers". www.craigmarlatt.com. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
  6. ↑ "Manitoba History Timeline." Heritage Manitoba and the Gimli Municipal Heritage Advisory Committee.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Ferguson, Barry, and Robert Alexander Wardhaugh. 2010. Manitoba Premiers of 19th and 20th Centuries. Regina, SK: University of Regina Press. Preview.
  8. 1 2 "Premiers of Manitoba, 1870 to 1965." Manitoba Pageant 11(2). Manitoba Historical Society. 1966 (rev. 18 July 2009).
  9. ↑ "Louis Riel (1844-1885) | Provincial Plaques | Historic Resources Branch". www.manitoba.ca. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
  10. ↑ "Kinew Introduces Bill to Recognize Louis Riel as First Premier of Manitoba, Pass Legacy of Riel Down to Students". Your Manitoba. New Democratic Party of Manitoba. Retrieved 2021-01-29.
  11. 1 2 3 "Manitoba: History and Politics." The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia (6th ed.). Columbia University Press. 2012.
  12. ↑ Thomas, Paul G. 2017 January 23. "Brian Pallister." The Canadian Encyclopedia. Historica Canada. (last edited 2019 September 18).
  13. 1 2 3 Gerson, Jen (13 August 2018). "Brian Pallister is Manitoba's paradox premier". Maclean's. Retrieved 2021-01-29.

Further reading

  • Ferguson, Barry, and Robert Alexander Wardhaugh. 2010. Manitoba Premiers of 19th and 20th Centuries. Regina, SK: University of Regina Press. Preview.
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